Trending questions
159,029 questions
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Could this closed-form expression for the integral of the Riemann $\xi$-function along the critical line provide new insights?
The Riemann $\xi$ and $\Xi$-functions are respectively defined as:
\begin{align}
\xi(s) &= \frac{s\,(s-1)}{2}\, \pi^{-s/2} \,\Gamma\left(\frac{s}{2}\,\right) \zeta(s) \qquad s \in \mathbb{C} \\
\...
- 21
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votes
1
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37
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Relationships between two stochastic matrices
Consider two $n \times n$ stochastic matrices $A$ and $B$. If for any two probability vectors $x$, $y$ in $R^n$, we have $xA=yA$ implies $xB=yB$, what can we say about the relationship of $A$ and $B$?
- 1
5
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2
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66
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On the continuity a function given by evaluating compact subsets of smooth functions
Let $M$ be a compact connected smooth manifold. Write $C^{\infty}(M)$ for the Frechet space of the smooth real-valued functions on $M$ equipped with the usual $C^{\infty}$-topology.
Given a compact ...
- 557
0
votes
0
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42
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Generic reducedness of geometric generic fibre
Let $f:X\to Y$ be a surjective morphism between two projective schemes over a field of characteristic $p>0$. Also assume that $X$ is smooth,$Y$ smooth & irreducible and $f_*\mathcal{O}_X=\...
- 6,038
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3
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Is rank of the length spectrum of a closed negatively surface/manifold infinite?
Suppose that $(S,\mathfrak{g})$ is a closed negatively curved Riemannian surface =(or more generally a manifold). Negative curvature guarantees that the non-trivial conjugacy classes $\text{conj}(\...
- 89
3
votes
1
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154
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Few doubts about 'A new elementary proof of the Prime Number Theorem" by Richter
I'm working on Richter's "A new elementary proof of the Prime Number Theorem" paper.
I have some doubt about the proof of proposition 3.1
Here's the reference to the paper: https://arxiv.org/...
- 95
3
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0
answers
38
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Obstruction theory for specializing perfect complexes?
I'm considering a problem around the moduli of perfect complexes.
Let's consider a $X$ smooth proper over Spec($R$), $R$ is a DVR, $char=0$, equipped with a perfect complex $\mathcal F$ on $X_{K(R)}$.
...
- 31
2
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answers
34
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On the solution sets to the ODE $(a^2-1)Q''(a) + \left(3a-\frac{d-1}{a} \right)Q'(a) + \frac{3}{4}Q(a)=0$
Looking for self-similar, radial solutions to a certain nonlinear wave equation in $\mathbb{R}^{d+1}$ leads to studying the following linear ODE in the self-similar variable $a\in[0,1)$:
$$(a^2-1)Q''(...
- 890
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1
answer
34
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Action of point stabilizers in finite doubly transitive groups
Suppose that $(H,X)$ is a finite faithful doubly transitive permutation group (where $H$ acts on the set $X$). Moreover, suppose that $H$ also acts doubly transitively (and faithfully) on a set $Y$, ...
- 4,547
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139
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$\ell$-adic analogue of Kedlaya-Mochizuki
There is a well-known analogy between holonomic $\mathcal{D}$-modules on complex algebraic varieties and $\ell$-adic perverse sheaves on varieties over finite fields. Many theorems in one setting have ...
- 771
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29
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Why do we require that all successors model this formula?
I'm reading Fitting's Intuitionistic Logic, Model Theory and Forcing. This occurs in Chapter 7.15.
The aim is to prove that a certain intuitionistic model is an intuitionistic model of ZF. I ...
- 139
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votes
1
answer
88
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Curious about methods for finding Goldbach pairs for large even numbers
I am exploring the question of efficiently identifying two prime numbers that sum to a given large even number, particularly for even numbers exceeding 100 digits. While brute force and precomputed ...
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1
answer
119
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Can we construct an isomorphism between $\mathrm{BS}(1,n)$ and $\mathbb{Z}[1/n]\rtimes\mathbb{Z}$ such that it preserve the order?
It is given in Regular left-orders on groups that the solvable Baumslag-Solitar group $\mathrm{BS}(1,n)=\langle a, b\mid aba^{-1}=b^n\rangle $ is isomorphic to $\mathbb{Z}[1/n]\rtimes \mathbb{Z}$ for ...
5
votes
1
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106
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Do the order statistics give a good approximation of uniform random variables?
Let $\{X_i\}_{i \geq 1}$ be a sequence of iid uniform random variables on $[0, 1]$. Define, for each $n$, the order statistic $O_n$ of $X_n$ by
$$O_n := \frac{1}{n}\#\{1 \leq k \leq n \, \, | \, X_k \...
- 6,321
5
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2
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289
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Asymptotics for minimum of a sequence of random variables
This is a question that I'm sure has been investigated before, but I have found no good search terms for.
Let $X_i$ be a sequence of random variables, independent and uniformly distributed in $[0,1]$. ...
- 28.2k
-1
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33
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Tightest decreasing majorant
I had asked this question here but received no answer.
Let $O$ be an operator that maps sequences to sequences such that the elements of the sequence $O(a)$ are given by
$$\bigl(O(a)\bigr)_n ~{}={}~ \...
- 349
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16
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References for Hilbert Space Structure and Density of Smooth Functions in Weighted Sobolev Spaces on $ \mathbb{R} $
I am looking for references and materials that discuss the following aspects of weighted Sobolev spaces $ W^{k,2}_\rho(\mathbb{R}) $ defined on the entire real line $ \mathbb{R} $:
Hilbert Space ...
- 131
1
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43
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Generalization of Connes metric on state space
Let we have a spectral triples $(A,H,D)$
The Connes distance on the space of states of $A$ is the following:
$$d(\phi,\psi)=sup_{ |[D,a]|\leq 1} |\phi(a)-\psi(a)|\quad (*)$$
Is this metric ...
- 366
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answers
48
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An algebraic group $G$ over $L^+$ such that $G_{\mathbb{R}}$ is compact for almost all embeddings
Does there exist a reductive group $G$ of type $E_7$ over a given totally real field $L^+$ such that for every embedding $\tau:L^+\to \mathbb{R}$ except one , $G_{\tau,\mathbb{R}}(\mathbb{R})$ is ...
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63
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Copy and repeat or copy and sum integer coefficients
Let
$$
\ell(n) = \left\lfloor\log_2 n\right\rfloor.
$$
Let $T(n,k)$ be an integer coefficients with row length $f(n)$ (number of zeros in the binary expansion of $n$ plus $2$ for $n>0$ with $f(0)=1$...
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82
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Can this prime pyramid reveal deeper insights into prime distribution? Has someone seen this pattern before? [closed]
Definition
The Burz Prime-Number Pyramid is a triangular arrangement of consecutive integers, structured such that the length of each row corresponds to a prime number, except the first row which ...
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1
vote
0
answers
50
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Computing with the Picard group of non-integral curves
Let $C$ be a curve over $\mathbb{Q}_p$ and let $\mathcal{C}$ be a regular model of $C$ over $\mathbb{Z}_p$, with $\mathcal{J}$ the Neron model of the Jacobian of $C$. Raynaud's theorem asserts that $\...
- 111
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votes
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3k
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Closed formula for the factorial over naturals
How to prove that there is no formula for $n!$ that does only use the binary operations $+,-,*,/$ on natural numbers, powers of natural numbers, and fixed natural numbers?
The same question over the ...
- 19.1k
3
votes
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answers
47
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Semisimple elements and fixed points
The following statement seems to be well-known:
Let $X$ be a variety on which an affine algebraic group $H$ acts with
finitely many orbits and let $s \in H$ be semisimple. Then $H_s = \{h
\in H \mid ...
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answers
48
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Translation Invariants of Polynomials
The function $f(k)$ is a (numerical) polynomial in $\mathbb{Q}[k]$, and the set
$ S_f = \{ f_d : d \in \mathbb{N} \} $
is a set associated with $ f $, where $f_d(k)=f(k+d)$.
I am interested in finding ...
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7
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312
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Kobayashi-Nomizu "Foundations of differential geometry" on page 117 wrong?
$\DeclareMathOperator\GL{GL}$Let $M$ be a smooth manifold, $G$ a Lie group and $P(M,G)$ a principal $G$-bundle and $\rho: G \to \GL(V)$ of $G$ a representation with $V$ finite-dimensional $\mathbb{F}$-...
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44
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How to prove the following theorem by distribution function and series
Let $g$ be nonnegative and measurable function in $\Omega$ and $\mu_{g}$ be its distribution function, i.e.,
$$
\mu_{g}(t)=\left|\left\{ x\in \Omega:g(x)>t\right\}\right|,\; t>0.
$$
Let $\eta>...
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answers
27
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Convergence of $ \vec{x_{n+1}} = A^{-1} f(\vec{x_{n}},\vec{y_{n}}), \:\:\: \vec{y_{n+1}} = A^{-1} g(\vec{x_{n}},\vec{y_{n}}) $
I have two systems
$$ A \vec{x} = f(\vec{x}, \vec{y}), \:\:\: A \vec{y} = g(\vec{x}, \vec{y}) $$
Both have the same constant, square, invertible matrix $A$. I implemented an iterative algorithm with ...
- 97
5
votes
1
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80
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Measure dependance of groupoid von Neumann algebra
Let $(G,\mu)$ be a measured groupoid and denote by $\nu,\nu^{-1}$ the measures on all of $G$ induced by $\mu$ and Haar system $\{\lambda^x\}$.
I have a question regarding the dependance of the ...
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1
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0
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86
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Specific regularity in bipartite graphs
Let $G(A,B)$ be a bipartite graph with $|A| = |B| = n$, where $n$ is sufficiently large. The average degree of $G$ is $d = \frac{e(A,B)}{n}$, where $e(A,B)$ denotes the number of edges between sets $A$...
- 359
6
votes
2
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401
views
closed form for an alternating cosecant sum
Is there any closed form for the following finite sum
$$\sum_{j=1}^{n-1}\frac{(-1)^j}{\sin (\frac{j\pi}{n})}$$
where $n$ is an even number?
Any comment or reference is welcome.
- 701
2
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0
answers
111
views
Action of torus on Laurent polynomials
Let $F$ be an algebraically closed field and suppose that the torus $(F^*)^n$ acts on the Laurent polynomial ring $L$ in $n$ variables $X_1, \dots, X_n$ defined by $X_i \dashrightarrow a_iX_i$ for ...
- 376
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0
answers
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What is the expected value of the set when N elements are chosen from the same probability distribution?
Suppose we have a parameter that follows some probability distribution $f(x)$. When simulating an $N$-body with that parameter as an attribute, how should values of the parameter be chosen?
Let each ...
- 1
16
votes
3
answers
1k
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Is there a natural topology for sets of topological spaces?
The Gromov–Hausdorff metric makes a set of compact metric spaces into a metric space itself. I am wondering what some natural generalizations there are for arbitrary topological spaces. Namely, is ...
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111
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When could a diligent calculus student compute all Picard iterates algebraically?
As is well known, in the typical proof of the Picard–Lindelöf theorem, one shows the existence of a solution of the initial value problem $y'(t) = f(t,y(t))$, $y(t_0) = y_0$ by considering the Picard ...
- 13k
4
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Projective automorphisms of a plane cubic curves
Let $E$ be a smooth cubic curve in $\mathbb{P}^2$ over an algebraically closed field $k$.
What is the group of the projective transformations preserving $E$ ?
In characteristic $0$ the answer is known ...
- 486
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votes
4
answers
2k
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The ten most fundamental topics in geometric group theory
What are the ten most fundamental topics in geometric group theory?
This is a pedagogical question prompted by the fact that I am teaching geometric group theory to undergraduates. They are expected ...
-1
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0
answers
41
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Homomorphism from field of hyperreals to field of reals?
I am curious if it is possible to construct a homomorphism from a field of hyperreal numbers to the field of real numbers? (Similarly, a homomorphism from the surreals to the reals?)
Assuming that ...
- 55
1
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0
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63
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Non metrizable uniform spaces
Bourbaki's book on general topology states that a uniform space is metrizable if it is Hausdorff and the filter of entourages of the uniformity has a countable basis. However, he doesn't provide an ...
- 111
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2
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139
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Is $1+\left (\frac{m}{m-1}\right )^{\frac{\log(p-1)}{\log(2)}}\cdot(p-1)^{\frac{\log(m)}{\log(2)}+1}<\frac{m}{m-1}p^{\frac{\log(m)}{\log(2)}+1}$?
For $p>2,m>2$, is $$1+\left (\frac{m}{m-1}\right )^{\frac{\log(p-1)}{\log(2)}}\cdot(p-1)^{\frac{\log(m)}{\log(2)}+1}<\frac{m}{m-1}p^{\frac{\log(m)}{\log(2)}+1}$$
?
Motivation:
I am trying to ...
- 3,074
4
votes
1
answer
715
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Can the Pythagorean theorem be proved using imaginary numbers?
Can the Pythagorean theorem be proved using imaginary numbers? The proof must avoid circular reasoning, of course.
I asked essentially the same question at MSE, but did not receive a definitive answer,...
- 3,567
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votes
72
answers
9k
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When is 2 qualitatively different from 3?
I'd like to get a list of instances in mathematics where a problem with two parameters (or some parameter set to $2$) is qualitatively different from the instance of that problem with the value set to ...
5
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0
answers
62
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Underlying noncommutative topologies of noncommutative complex varieties
Let $X$ be a (separated) complex algebraic variety. Then we can view its analytification $\newcommand\topo{\text{top}}X^{\topo}$ as a locally compact Hausdorff space. I wonder whether the same ...
- 2,856
7
votes
1
answer
226
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Size doubling amoeba
Note: Here time is assumed to be discrete and indexed by the naturals $\mathbb N$.
A curious species of amoeba undergoes the following evolution rule - at each time step, with probability $0 < p &...
- 6,321
0
votes
0
answers
46
views
Fractal dimension using wavelets [closed]
I'm trying to estimate the fractal dimension of a function.
I created the log(energies) Vs log(scales) plot and I'm computing the Fractal Dimension (D) from the slope using the relation
$$
\alpha = -...
2
votes
0
answers
171
views
Is a triangulated category admitting a tilting object algebraic or even equivalent to the derived category of some ring?
Let $\mathcal{T}$ be a triangulated category having all infinite coproducts(such triangulated category is sometimes said to be cocomplete or satisfying the TR5 axiom). We call an object $G$ tilting if
...
- 21
0
votes
0
answers
100
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Algebraic relations for $\Gamma$ function
Let $N$ and $n$ be positive integers with $\mathrm{GCD}(n,N)\ne1$. I want to prove the following claim:
$\Gamma\left(\frac nN\right)$, $\pi$ and the $\Gamma\left(\frac uN\right)$ ($u\in[1,N-1]$, $\...
- 3,998
0
votes
0
answers
73
views
Can a generalized root formula exist for polynomials with finite degrees? [closed]
Let $p\in\mathbb{Z}[x]$, set $d = \textbf{Deg}(p)$, and write $$p(x) = \sum_{i=0}^{d}{a_ix^i}$$ for some sequence $\{a_0,a_1,a_2,...., a_{d-1}\}$. Is there a mapping $\mathcal{F}$ so that $$\mathcal{F}...
9
votes
1
answer
329
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An elementary proof of the equivalence of the Bol and Moufang identities
By a well-known result of Bol (1937) and Bruck (1946), for any loop the following two identities are equivalent:
B: $x(y(xz))=((xy)x)z$
M: $(xy)(zx)=(x(yz))x$.
A proof of the equivalence (B)$\...
- 42k
-4
votes
1
answer
163
views
What are all the complex structures on $\mathbb{R}^2$ which live inside $\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$? [closed]
By "complex structure" I am referring to 2x2 matrices which square to $-\mathrm{Id}_2$. I need to know those with integer entries and determinant equal to 1.
Thank you
- 3