Questions tagged [ca.classical-analysis-and-odes]
Special functions, orthogonal polynomials, harmonic analysis, ordinary differential equations (ODE's), differential relations, calculus of variations, approximations, expansions, asymptotics.
2,136 questions
1
vote
0answers
38 views
Time-varying perturbations of continuous-time hyperbolic orbits
My question is the following: Assume that the flow of an autonomous ODE $\dot{x} = f(x)$ ($f$ is $C^1$) has a periodic hyperbolic orbit $\varphi^t(x_0)$, $\varphi^{t+T}(x_0) = \varphi^t(x_0)$. Then ...
1
vote
0answers
58 views
Conditions for the embeddig of the space $L^\infty(I, W^{1,2}(U))$ into $L^\infty(I \times U)$
Let $I$ be a compact interval of $\mathbb{R}$ and $U$ be a bounded subset of $\mathbb{R}^2$.
If $f \in L^\infty(I, W^{1,2}(U))$, what (non-trivial) condition ($L^p$-estimate on $f$ or decay-like ...
2
votes
1answer
77 views
The blow-up rate of a nonlinear oscillator
(Related to this Math.SE question.)
For $p>1$, let $u$ be a solution to $$\tag{1}\frac{d^2 u}{dt^2} + u = |u|^{p-1}u$$ that blows up at $T>0$, that is $$\lim_{t\nearrow T}u(t)=+\infty.$$
...
0
votes
0answers
37 views
symmetry of solutions
Consider the problem $$-u''+u= u^p \text{ on }\mathbb I; \quad u=0 \text{ on } \partial \mathbb I$$ where $\mathbb I $ is symmetric bounded interval. If $u$ is a least energy solution, then it is ...
0
votes
0answers
122 views
$L^1$-continuity estimate for ODE solutions in terms of $L^1$ distance of vector fields (only one of them being Lipschitz)
Consider the following ODE initial value problems
\begin{align*}
&\frac{d}{dt}\Phi(t,x) = \boldsymbol{F}(t,\Phi(t,x)), & t \in [0,T], \ \ x \in \mathbb{R}^N,\\
&\Phi(0,x) = x, & x \in ...
2
votes
1answer
92 views
Optimal control theory of PDEs
This is a somewhat openly phrased question because I am not quite sure what has been done in that direction.
Imagine one has two evolution equations
$$\partial_t u = p(x,\partial_x,f)u$$
$$\...
-2
votes
0answers
51 views
Estimate on the difference between the measure of the sublevels of two functions in terms of their $L^1$ distance
Fix $R\gg 1$. How can I estimate the difference between the Lebesgue measures $$\mathscr{L}^N(\{x \in \mathbb{R}^N \cap B_R(0): f(x)>0\} - \mathscr{L}^N(\{x \in \mathbb{R}^N \cap B_R(0): g(x)>0\...
2
votes
1answer
130 views
Quantitative finite speed of propagation property for ODE (cone of dependence)
Consider the following ODE initial value problem
\begin{align*}
&\frac{d}{dt}\Phi(t,x) = \boldsymbol{F}(t,\Phi(t,x)), & t \in [0,T], \ \ x \in \mathbb{R}^N,\\
&\Phi(0,x) = x, & x \in \...
6
votes
1answer
173 views
Asymptotic Expansion of Bessel Function Integral
I have an integral:
$$I(y) = \int_0^\infty \frac{xJ_1(yx)^2}{\sinh(x)^2}\ dx $$
and would like to asymptotically expand it as a series in $1/y$. Does anyone know how to do this? By numerically ...
6
votes
1answer
328 views
Interesting behaviour of binomial coefficients
Let $\binom{n}{k}:=\frac{\Gamma(n+1)}{\Gamma(k+1)\Gamma(1-k+n)}$ be the generalized binomial coefficient then I noticed by playing around with Mathematica that the function $f:[0,n/2] \rightarrow \...
3
votes
1answer
215 views
Prescribing a gradient direction
Let $\Omega= \{(x,y) : \frac{1}{2} \leq x^2+y^2 \leq 1\}$ and $S = \{(x,y) : x^2+y^2 = 1\}$ the unit circle, and $X=w^{1.\infty}(\Omega;\mathbb{R})$ the space of Lipschitz valued functions. We denote ...
4
votes
1answer
99 views
Power series in functions other than monomials
I would like to understand how approximations by monomials and approximations by other kinds of functions are related which I illustrate with an example.
Consider the interval $[-\pi,\pi]$ let's say.
...
0
votes
1answer
99 views
Delay equations
In an effort to solve a delay partial differential equation
$$\partial_t f(t,x)= \Phi(x) f(t,x)+\Psi(x) f(t,x-\alpha),$$
with
$$f(0,x)=1,\hspace{0.3cm} f(t,0)=1$$
Where $\alpha$ is the delay ( a real ...
1
vote
0answers
58 views
Best constant for Hölder inequality in Lorentz spaces
It's well known (and proved by R. O'neil) that there is a version of Hölder's inequality for Lorentz spaces, namely
$$\|fg\|_{L^{p, q}} \lesssim_{p_1, p_2, q_1, q_2} \|f\|_{L^{p_1, q_1}}\|g\|_{L^{...
32
votes
2answers
2k views
When can a function be made positive by averaging?
Let $f: {\bf Z} \to {\bf R}$ be a finitely supported function on the integers ${\bf Z}$. I am interested in knowing when there exists a finitely supported non-negative function $g: {\bf Z} \to [0,+\...
-2
votes
2answers
112 views
What is the limit of this integral as $n$ approaches infinity for integer $k\geq 0$ and real $m\geq 1$? [closed]
$\int_{0}^{1}u^k\cot{\frac{\pi(1-u)}{m}}\sin{\frac{2\pi n(1-u)}{m}}\,du$
-5
votes
1answer
145 views
How do you prove the validity of this formula for $H(n)$? [closed]
I'm looking for a proof of the identity
$$\sum_{k=1}^{n}\frac{1}{k}=\frac{1}{2n}+\pi\int_{0}^{1} (1-u)\cot{\pi u}\left(1-\cos{2\pi n u}\right)\,du.$$
There is a generalization of this formula for $...
12
votes
5answers
2k views
Reference request: Oldest calculus, real analysis books with exercises?
Per the title, what are some of the oldest calculus, real analysis books out there with exercises? Maybe there are some hidden gems from before the 20th century out there.
Edit. Unsolved exercises ...
0
votes
0answers
46 views
Convex functions and infinite convex combinations
Let $f: D\rightarrow \mathbb R$ be a convex function on a convex subset in $\mathbb R^n$. Let $t_i>0$ with $\sum_{i=1}^\infty t_i=1$ and $x_\in D$ be such that the series $\sum_{i=1}^\infty t_i x_i ...
1
vote
1answer
92 views
Are bilinear sparse bounds for local operators trivial?
I'm thinking about a recent result by M. Lacey which says that a dyadic spherical maximal function satisfies a sparse bilinear bound. To be precise, define the unit scale dyadic spherical maximal ...
0
votes
0answers
21 views
Convergence of the asymptotic expansion solution of homogeneous linear ODE of order 2
Consider ODE $w''+pw'+qw=0$, $p$ and $q$ are functions of $z$. Denote $w_1$ and $w_2$ the ODE's two linear independent solutions. As $z\to0$, in which situation:
Do both $w_1$ and $w_2$'s ...
4
votes
2answers
176 views
Integral equality of 1st intrinsic volume of spheroid
Computations suggest that
$$\int_{0}^{\infty}\int_{0}^{\infty} \sqrt{x+y^2} \cdot e^{-\frac{1}{2}(\frac{x}{s}+s^2y^2)}dxdy=\frac{2}{s}+\frac{2s^2\arctan(\sqrt{s^3-1})}{\sqrt{s^3-1}}.$$
The question ...
5
votes
1answer
207 views
Finding an asymptotic solution for a first order ODE
Given strictly concave function $f(t)$ that satisfies $f'(t)>0$, $f'(t)=o(1)$ (i.e. $\lim\limits_{t\to\infty}f'(t)=0$) , and $f'(t)=\omega\left(t^{-1}\right)$ (i.e. $\lim\limits_{t\to\infty}tf'(t)=\...
3
votes
2answers
284 views
how to calculate the following integral related to Chebyshev polynomials
Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind $V_n(x)$ can be defined as
$$V_n(x)=\frac{\sin(n+1)\theta}{\sin\theta}, x=2\cos\theta$$
or through the recurrence relation
$$V_{n+1}=xV_n-V_{n-1}, V_0=1, V_1=...
-2
votes
3answers
169 views
A Specific Linear Homogeneous System of Differential Equations with Variable Coefficients
Is there an analytical solution satisfying these 3 equations with non-constant z?
$$\frac{dx}{dt}=-z\cdot\cos(\omega t)$$
$$\frac{dy}{dt}=z\cdot\sin(\omega t)$$
$$\frac{dz}{dt}=x\cdot\cos(\omega t) - ...
9
votes
1answer
195 views
The discrete Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality
Let $p>1$, $q>1$, $0<\lambda<1$ be such that
$\frac{1}{p}+\frac{1}{q}+\lambda=2$. Suppose that
$(a_{k})\in \ell^{p}(\mathbb{Z})$ and $(b_{k})\in \ell^{q}(\mathbb{Z})$.
It is known ([1,2,3]...
24
votes
4answers
986 views
show this nice and hard inequality with $ \prod_{i=1}^{n}|x_{i}-y_{i}|<e^{\frac{n}{2}}$
I saw the following results in a book. The author said it was not difficult to prove how I felt it was difficult to prove, so I asked here. The result comes from a book that has no electronic version....
3
votes
3answers
200 views
ODE with Bessel decay
This is related to my previous question, but it is probably less scary and an expert in using Mathematica could figure out an answer easily.
I would like to estimate the asymptotic behaviour of the ...
6
votes
0answers
277 views
Is this proof of Basel identity known?
Today, to divert myself, I tried to find a new proof of Basel identity $\boxed{\sum_{j=1}^\infty\frac{1}{j^2}=\frac{\pi^2}{6}}$. I came up with the following, which essentially interprets the identity ...
12
votes
0answers
414 views
Is it possible that the following integral is $0$?
Given any integer $n\geqslant1$, let $E,F$ be two subsets of $\{\{i,j\}:1\leqslant i<j\leqslant n\}$ such that every two sets in $F$ are disjoint.
It is not difficult to see that
$$\int_{1<|z|&...
1
vote
0answers
91 views
How many two-dimensional space filling Hilbert-like curves are there?
I'm interested in filling 2d square with space filling, non-self-intersecting, locality preserving, self-similar curves, like Hilbert curve. I found interesting work concerning three dimensional case ...
2
votes
0answers
85 views
Analytic continuation of an NLS soliton
The attractive nonlinear Schroedinger equation $i \partial_t \psi = - \frac {1} {2} \Delta \psi - |\psi|^{p-1} \psi$ in the $H^1$-subcritical case $1 < p$, $\frac {d} {2} + \frac {2} {p-1} < 1$ ...
0
votes
1answer
45 views
Strict positive type function on hypersurface also of positive type in neighborhood?
Let $u\in C^\infty(\mathbb{R}^n\times\mathbb{R}^n)$ be symmetric and of strictly positive type on some hypersurface $S \subset \mathbb{R}^n$ diffeomorphic to $\{0\}\times\mathbb{R}^{n-1}$. This means ...
0
votes
1answer
81 views
Chebyshev interpolation [closed]
Let's define the n-th degree Chebyshev polynomials by
$$ T_{n} (x)=\cos(n\arccos(x)).$$
Find a polynomial $P$ such that
$$\mid y- P (x) \mid$$
is minimal, using the first three Chebyshev ...
3
votes
0answers
215 views
Periodic orbit for certain Hamiltonian on the tangent bundle
In this question a nontrivial periodic orbit is a periodic orbit which is not a singular point.
Let $p: \mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}$ be a ...
0
votes
0answers
43 views
Function approximation via an orthonormal basis (with singular weight)
If you don't mind, please consider the eigenvalue problem
$$ (1-x^2)u''+ \lambda u=0 \ \ \ \forall x\in (-1,1), $$
$$ u(\pm 1) = 0. $$
Observe that for suitable values of $\lambda$, the ODE resembles ...
1
vote
1answer
61 views
additive discrepancy under a multiplicative constraint
Consider four sequences of numbers, $0 \le a_i, b_i, c_i, d_i \le 1$, suppose they satisfy the following constraints:
(1). $\sum_{i=1}^K a_i, \sum_{i=1}^K b_i, \sum_{i=1}^K c_i \ge 1/2 + \epsilon$;
(...
0
votes
0answers
29 views
Existence of solutions to NLS: Local existence and boundedness
I was wondering when the following argument is valid:
Consider a nonlinear Schrödinger equation
$$i \partial_t \varphi = -\Delta \varphi+ N(\varphi)$$
where $N$ is a nonlinearity.
Often it is ...
-2
votes
1answer
166 views
Strong estimates for the zeta function on natural numbers
Let $$\zeta(s) = \sum_{n = 1}^\infty \frac{1}{n^s}$$
be the Riemann zeta function (here we just consider real $s$).
We do have a description given by
$$\zeta(s) = \frac{s}{s-1}-s\int_{1}^\infty \frac{...
2
votes
1answer
88 views
Quotient with positive second derivative in the limit?
I am studying the quotient of
$$f(\varepsilon) = \sum_{i=1}^{\infty} \frac{i^2}{2^{\varepsilon i^2}}$$
and $$g(\varepsilon) = \sum_{i=1}^{\infty} \frac{1}{2^{\varepsilon i^2}}$$
for some $\...
16
votes
0answers
323 views
An integral in Gradshteyn and Ryzhik
Section 3.248 of the 4th edition of the table of integrals by Gradshteyn and Ryzhik contains three entries. They are of elementary examples of the beta function. In the 5th edition there are two new ...
4
votes
0answers
91 views
Injectivity of product functions on natural number sequences
Let $M = \{ a = (a_i)_{i} : a_i \in \mathbb{N}, a_1 \geq 2, a_i > a_j \forall i>j\}$ the set of all ascending natural number sequences, with $a_1$ at least 2.
We now define for each $k \geq 2$ ...
1
vote
0answers
88 views
Euclidean volumes under the matrix norm of one-parameter subsets of unit balls of $2 \times 2$ matrices
Prove that the Hilbert-Schmidt volume (normalized to equal 1 at $\varepsilon=1$) of the subset of the unit ball in operator norm (http://mathworld.wolfram.com/OperatorNorm.html) of the $2\times 2$ ...
3
votes
1answer
132 views
Is the convergence of $\dot{x}=2A(t)x$ faster than that of $\dot{x}=A(t)x$?
Let $x \in \mathbb{R}^{n}$ and $A(t) \in \mathbb{R}^{n\times n}$. If $\dot{x}=A(t)x$ and $\dot{x}=cA(t)x$ with $c>1$ are exponentially stable. Is the convergence rate of $x$ to zero of $\dot{x}=cA(...
2
votes
1answer
398 views
Functions belong to $L^{\frac{2n}{n+1}}$ whose Fourier transforms are infinite on $S^{n-1}$
I'm looking for functions $f\in L^{\frac{2n}{n+1}}$ such that $\hat{f}=\infty$ on $S^{n-1}$. Is there any explicit expression of such kind of examples?
This seems to be a well-known result, but I can ...
-2
votes
1answer
120 views
Relationship between “Radial” Fourier transform and Fourier transform, especially at infinity
Let $\phi:\mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}$ be a $C^{\infty}$ function with compact support.
What is the relationship between
$$
\widehat{\phi}(k) = \int e^{-2\pi i x \cdot k} \phi(x) dx, \quad k \in \...
27
votes
1answer
2k views
A remarkable almost-identity
OEIS sequence A210247 gives the signs of $\text{li}(-n,-1/3) = \sum_{k=1}^\infty (-1)^k k^n/3^k$, also the signs of the Maclaurin coefficients of $4/(3 + \exp(4x))$.
Mikhail Kurkov noticed that it ...
3
votes
0answers
34 views
Multi-parameter stationary phase asymptotic expansion
I am looking for an asymptotic expansion of the oscillatory integral of the form
$$\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}f(x)\exp(i(\lambda_1\phi_1(x)+\dots+\lambda_k\phi_k(x))dx,$$
as $\lambda_i\to \infty$ ...
3
votes
2answers
122 views
Checking $f(x_1,y_1)f(x_2,y_2)-f(x_1,y_2)f(x_2,y_1) \ge 0$
I am working in data science and I have to deal with the following problem for which I would like to find a simplification:
We call a function almost positive if $f(x_1,y_1)f(x_2,y_2)-f(x_1,y_2)f(x_2,...
4
votes
1answer
125 views
Method of characteristics beyond the Lipschitz setting
I have come across the following easy-looking problem that is driving me mad.
I have a family of measures (on the real line $\mathbb R$) $\{\mu_t\}_{t>0}$ which is uniformly bounded (the measures ...
