Questions tagged [ca.classical-analysis-and-odes]
Special functions, orthogonal polynomials, harmonic analysis, ordinary differential equations (ODE's), differential relations, calculus of variations, approximations, expansions, asymptotics.
3,434
questions
0
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45
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Reference request for equivalent Lipschitz smoothness conditions
For an open set $Z\subseteq\mathbb{R}^n$, let $f: Z\mapsto \mathbb{R}$ be a continuously differentiable function on $Z$, and let $L>0$ be fixed. Also, suppose that (a) $f$ is nonconvex and (b) $f$ ...
3
votes
1
answer
116
views
Integral involving Legendre polynomial
In a physics problem the following integral shows up $$\int\limits_0^{2\pi}P_m(\cos{(\theta-\alpha)})\,\cos^{m+2}{(n\alpha)}\;d\alpha,$$ where $P_m$ is the Legendre polynomial and $n,m$ are integer ...
5
votes
2
answers
433
views
On the derivative of the Bernstein polynomial
$\newcommand\Z{\Bbb Z}\newcommand\De{\Delta}$For a natural $n$ and a function $g\colon\Z\to\Bbb R$, let $B_n g$ be the corresponding Bernstein polynomial, so that
$$(B_n g)(x)=\sum_{k\in\Z} g(k)\binom ...
2
votes
1
answer
97
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Proving convexity of the expected logarithm of binomial distribution
I would like to prove that the following function, for an arbitrary integer $n$:
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
f(x) & =x\cdot E \ \log(1+\text{Binomial(n,x)}) \\
& = x \cdot \sum_{k=0}^{n} \...
6
votes
0
answers
258
views
+100
How to prove these identities for $\log(2)$ based on $_3F_2$ integrals?
In this MO post I have placed 4 Ramanujan-type hypergeometric series found using the LLL algorithm for fast computing of some logarithms. I could prove 3 of them by means of classical methods based on ...
2
votes
1
answer
71
views
Gradient flows and particle representations
I was looking into gradient flows and their particle representations, mostly in the context of probability.
A simple example of this is the continuity equation. Consider evolving a sample $x \sim \...
1
vote
1
answer
77
views
Sufficient initial conditions for "Non-local" PDE
I am studying a problem of the form $$i\, \partial_t \psi(t) = L \psi(t) + \int_0^t U(t-r) \psi(r) \, dr, \qquad \psi(0) = \psi_0,$$ where the evolution occurs in some Hilbert space, $L$ is a self-...
2
votes
2
answers
157
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A Inequality in the paper by Kenig, Ponce and Vega
I was trying to read the appendix of the paper by Kenig, Ponce and Vega, "Well-posedness and scattering results for the generalized Korteweg-de Vries equation via the contraction principle",
...
1
vote
0
answers
76
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Conjectured closed form of $\int_0^1\frac{\ln^3(1+x)\,\ln^3x}x\mathrm{d}x$
I posted this question on Math Stack Exchange, but there were no helpful comments or answers
https://math.stackexchange.com/q/4874446/1298448
How to integrate $${\displaystyle \int_0^1\frac{\ln^3(1+x)\...
-1
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47
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Literature search for results on Bochner-Riesz means for real functions
MathOverflow community!
I'm delving into a specific area of Fourier analysis and came across an intriguing lemma (referenced as Lemma 4 of Chen & Chen Paper) stating that for a compact set U in $...
4
votes
2
answers
584
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Conjectured closed form of $\int\limits_0^1 \frac{\ln y \operatorname{Li}_2 (-y)}{1-y^2} \, dy$
Let's state with $\psi^{(1)}$ the trigamma. Calculate the order:
$$\mathcal{S} = \sum_{n=1}^\infty (-1)^{n-1} (\psi^{(1)}(n))^2$$
(Cornel Ioan Valean)
I uploaded this question here https://math....
2
votes
1
answer
130
views
Upper bound of a product of sines
Consider the function
$$ f_n(t)= \prod_{1 \leq k \leq n-1,\\ \gcd(k,n)=1} \sin\Big(t-\frac{k \pi}{n}\Big),\quad t \in [0,\pi].$$
I wonder whether it is possible to compute some nontrivial upper ...
0
votes
0
answers
60
views
Gradient estimates of linear elliptic PDE
Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^n$ be a bounded smooth domain. Assume that $u(x)$ is the classical solution solving
$$a_{ij}(x)\partial_{ij}u(x)+b_i(x)\partial_iu(x)+c(x)u(x)=f(x)$$
$$u(x)\Big|_{\...
3
votes
0
answers
38
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Perturbation method for time-periodic singular system of ODEs
I am studying a problem arising in physics, and I managed to simplify it to a differential system (initial value problem) of the form:
$$
\begin{cases}
\dot{x} = \epsilon f_1(x,y,t) + \epsilon^2 f_2(...
7
votes
1
answer
324
views
Exponential trigonometric integral
I want to compute the normalization constant of some probability density on SO(3). After some simplification, I arrive at the following double integral:
$$ \tag{1}\label{eq:1}
\int_0^{2 \pi} \int_0^{\...
2
votes
1
answer
154
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I am seeking a solution to an Abel equation of the first kind with $f_0=0$, $y’=f_3(x)y^3+f_2(x)y^2+f_1(x)y$
The Abel equation of the first kind with $f_0=0$.
$$
y'=f_3(x)y^3+f_2(x)y^2+f_1(x)y \tag{1}
$$
where
\begin{align}
f_3(x)&=(12x^2-2)/x,\\
f_2(x)&=(14x^2-1)/x^2,\\
f_1(x)&=3/x.
\end{align}
...
0
votes
1
answer
117
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Singular integral bounded by Dirichlet form?
We define for some fixed $L$
$$\Omega:=\{(x_1,x_2) \in ([-L,L]^2 \times [-L,L]^2) \setminus \{x_1=x_2\}\},$$
in particular $x_1,x_2 \in \mathbb R^2.$
Let $f \in C_c^{\infty}(\Omega)$, then I am ...
2
votes
0
answers
133
views
Taylor coefficients of the integral of the ordered exponential
Let $A$ be a continuous $2\times 2$ matrix-valued function on $[0,1]$. Define $X_A$ as the solution of
$$
X_A'(t) = A(t) X_A(t), \qquad X(0) = I.
$$
In other words $X_A$ is the ordered exponential of $...
1
vote
0
answers
142
views
Laplace transform
\begin{equation}
\begin{cases}\mathbb{D}_t^\beta u(x, y, t)=-a(x)\left(u_x(x, y, t)+u_y(x, y, t)\right)+\ell(x, y, t, u(x, y, t)), & x>0, y>0, t>0 \\ u(x, y, 0)=0, & x>0, y>0 \\ ...
12
votes
2
answers
886
views
Asymptotics of a strange oscillatory function
Consider the function $f:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ defined by $f(x)=\sum_{n\geq 1}\sin(x/n^2)$. It is easy to see that $f(x) = O(\sqrt{x})$ for large real $x$. Is it true that
$f(x)>0$ for $x>0$...
2
votes
0
answers
50
views
Regularization for Newtonian n-body collisions in $\mathbb{R}^3$
In working with binary collisions in the Hamiltonian formulation of the Newtonian $n$-body problem, two common regularization techniques that deal with binary collisions are the Levi-Civita technique, ...
6
votes
0
answers
194
views
Energy of harmonic maps from $\mathbb R^2$ to $S^2$ is quantized
Assume that $U:\mathbb R^2\to S^2=\{y\in\mathbb R^3:|y|=1\}$ is a smooth solution of the equation $\Delta U+|\nabla U|^2U=0$ in $\mathbb R^2$ with $\int_{\mathbb R^2}|\nabla U|^2\,dx<+\infty$. ...
2
votes
1
answer
278
views
Sets of integers "a little less dense" than the set of prime numbers
Given a set $A \subseteq \mathbb{N}$ of positive integers, put
$$
S_A: \mathbb{N} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}, \ \ \ \
N \mapsto \sum_{n \in A \cap \{1, \dots, N\}} \frac{1}{n}.
$$
There are obvious ...
2
votes
0
answers
148
views
Electrostatic potential energy of point-charges at primes up to $x$
Given a positive real (or integral) number $x$ we consider the
electrostatic potential energy of equal point charges at all primes up to $x$
given by
$$E(x)=\sum_{p_1<p_2\leq x}\frac{1}{p_2-p_1}$$
...
7
votes
1
answer
447
views
How to find closed form for $\int_0^1 \frac{x}{x^2+1} \left(\ln(1-x) \right)^{n-1}dx$?
Here in my answer I got the real part for the polylogarithm function at $1+i$ for natural $n$
$$ \Re\left(\text{Li}_n(1+i)\right)=\left(\frac{-1}{4}\right)^{n+1}A_n-B_n $$
where
$$ B_n=\sum_{k=0}^{\...
1
vote
0
answers
65
views
The intersection of $ n $ cylinders in $ 3D$ space
I posted the question on here, but received no answer
I recently found out about the Steinmetz Solids, obtained as the intersection of two or three cylinders of equal radius at right angles. If we set ...
0
votes
0
answers
208
views
Gauss transformation in fractional Sobolev space
Let $g_{\mu}(x) = \mu^{d/2}\exp(-\pi\mu|x|^2)$ for every $\mu > 0$. Prove that
$$
\int_{\mathbb R^{d}}\left|(-\Delta)^{\frac{s}{2}} u\right|^{2} \geq \int_{\mathbb R^{d}}\left|(-\Delta)^{\frac{s}{2}...
1
vote
0
answers
54
views
Characterization of an integral operator with a Bessel kernel
I am considering the following integral operator: $$K(\sigma)(\theta)=\int_0^{2\pi} \sigma(\theta') J_0(|e^{i\theta}-e^{i\theta'}|)\,d\theta',$$ where $J_0$ is the Bessel function of order $0.$
I am ...
0
votes
0
answers
83
views
Fourier integral operators and parametrix
Consider the classical wave equation in a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$, assuming vanishing of the function and its normal derivative on the boundary.
Question: Is there an expression for the ...
0
votes
1
answer
110
views
An integral involving Riemann xi function
Let $z(t)$ and $w(t)$ be some complex functions of the real variable $t$ with $z(t)$ tending to some complex number as $t \rightarrow 1$ and $w(t)$ tending to $0$ as $t \rightarrow1$ I'm looking at ...
1
vote
1
answer
84
views
Bound on $L^1$ norm of solution of two-point boundary value problem
This has to be known, but I have not been able to find it in the literature (probably due to not being too familiar with two-point boundary value problems). I have a function $u:[0,1]\to\mathbb{R}$ ...
1
vote
0
answers
44
views
How to derive a lower bound of a MinMax inequality?
Let $x_5,\cdots,x_n\in[0,\alpha]\cup[-\pi,\alpha-\pi]$ where $\alpha$ is a fixed angle $\in(0,\pi/2)$.
The goal
For a fixed $(A_{ij})_{1\leq i\leq 4,5\leq j\leq n}\in\{-1,+1\}$, verify whether it ...
3
votes
0
answers
60
views
Admissibility condition of wavelet functions
After a badly formulated question, I decided to make a new post searching for help.
The basic problem is the follows: I have a wavelet function $\psi(t)$ (real or complex) and would like to compute (a)...
7
votes
2
answers
2k
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Solving 'impossible' integrals with a new (?) trick
The following identities have been suggested based on formulas in a previous question of mine.
If complex $\theta_1=\cos^{-1}(p)$ and $\theta_2=\sec^{-1}(p)$, where $p\in(-1, 0) \cup (1, \infty)$, ...
1
vote
1
answer
124
views
Functions for which $\lambda f(x)=f(\alpha_\lambda x + \beta_\lambda)$
How many functions $f:\mathbb{R}\to R\subseteq\mathbb{R}$ are there such that there is an $S\subseteq\mathbb{R}$ containing an interval containing $1$ such that for any $\lambda\in S$ there exist $\...
2
votes
1
answer
130
views
Behaviour of the solution of a second order ODE
I am currently studying the following second order ODE
\begin{cases}
\ddot y(x)\left(\ln(x) - 2\ln(y(x))\right) - 2\frac{(\dot y(x))^2}{y(x)} = 0 &\text{in }[0,T]\\
y(0) = 0\\
\dot y(T) = c
\end{...
2
votes
0
answers
136
views
The Hausdorff measure of intersection of annulus and conformal curve
Recently I came across a problem in my research. Let $g:[0,1]\to\mathbb{C}$ be a restriction of a conformal map that is defined in a simply connected domain $\Omega\subseteq\mathbb{C}$ that include $[...
0
votes
0
answers
40
views
Godunov splitting convergence research
The approximation of Godunov splitting on certain differential equations is known to be first order accurate. In 2011, a paper has also shown that it is first order accurate for nonlinear ordinary ...
5
votes
5
answers
974
views
What are the local maxima and minima of $\frac{\sin(nx)}{\sin(x)}$
FYI: I asked this question here couple of days ago but got no answer yet.
$n$ is an integer
We know the global maximum of the function $\sin(nx)/\sin(x)$ is $n$ (thanks to this question), but what are ...
2
votes
1
answer
145
views
Growth rate of elementary sequences
We consider three sequences $(x_n),(y_n),(z_n)$, where $(x_n) \in \ell^1$ is positive and the other two sequences are merely assumed to be positive, i.e. $y_n,z_n \ge 0$ where $0<z_n<z_{n+1}$ is ...
1
vote
1
answer
229
views
Eigenvalues of a Schrödinger operator
I'm interested in the existence of eigenfunctions and finding eigenvalues of the following operator
$$L(\varphi) = \varphi_{rr} - \frac{1}{r} \varphi_r - [V + \frac{m}{r^2}] \varphi$$
$$\varphi(0) = \...
3
votes
2
answers
445
views
$\lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{2^n}{n} \left[ 1 - \sum_{k = 1}^{n-1} \frac{(1 - \lambda 2^{-n})^{2^k}}{2^k} \right]$
Find the limit
\begin{equation*}
\lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{2^n}{n} \left[
1 - \sum_{k = 1}^{n-1} \frac{(1 - \lambda 2^{-n})^{2^k}}{2^k}
\right]
\end{equation*}
where $\lambda > 0$.
My guess is that ...
1
vote
1
answer
93
views
Convergence of ODE with uniform $L^\infty \cap L^1$ bound on nonlinearity
Consider the IVP
$$
\left\{
\begin{aligned}
\frac{d}{dt} \Phi_n(t,x) &= f_n(\Phi_n(t,x)) && \forall t \in \mathbf{R}_+ \\
\Phi_n(0,x) &= x && \forall x \in \mathbf{R}
\end{...
1
vote
1
answer
119
views
Given a radial symmetric function $f$, the estimate of |$\Delta ^ {m/2}f$| in $R^{2m}$ by induction
This question might be a little strange; my order of Laplacian is related to the dimension of the space.
Actually, I’m reading a result which is obtained by induction; it is the absolute value of ...
3
votes
2
answers
207
views
Extremum placement for two-variable function
While teaching Calculus 2, one of my students asked me the following
Given 3 points $x_1$, $x_2$, $x_3$. Whether there exists one function $z = f(x,y)$ which has exactly 2 extremum and 1 saddle point:...
4
votes
0
answers
163
views
Growth rate of a recursively defined sequence
For a side project with a friend (having to do with fractional iterates of the exponential function), we're looking at a sequence $a_n$ defined recursively by equations $a_1 = 1$ and
$$a_n = \sum_{k=1}...
8
votes
1
answer
334
views
Special Schwartz function on the positive interval
Is there a Schwartz function $\zeta(t)$, defined on $\mathbb{R}$, satisfying the following:
$\int \zeta(t)\: dt=1$,
$\int t^k \zeta(t)\: dt=0$ for all $k\geq 1$,
$\operatorname{supp}(\zeta)\subset (0,...
43
votes
3
answers
2k
views
Proving $\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{n}\left\{\frac{x_{i}}{x_{j}}\right\}\le \frac{9}{14}n^2$?
For any postive integer $n$ and for any postive real numbers $x_{1},x_{2},\cdots,x_{n}$, show that
$$\sum_{i=1}^{n}\sum_{j=1}^{n}\left\{\dfrac{x_{i}}{x_{j}}\right\}\le \dfrac{9}{14}n^2$$
Let
\begin{...
7
votes
1
answer
456
views
On a paper by Dimitrie Pompéiu and on one (in two parts) by Edmund Landau
To celebrate the new year and the future of mathematics (or the mathematics of future), I see no better way to ask a question stemming from my researches on power series.
The two papers the title ...
2
votes
1
answer
132
views
Boundedness of an exit time from a campact set
Let $n\geq 1$ and $v\in\mathcal{C}^1(\mathbb{R}^n,\mathbb{R}^n)$. For $x_0\in\mathcal{O}$, let $\big(x(t)\big)_{t\geq 0}$ be the solution of
\begin{align*}
& x(0)=x_0 \\
& \dot{x}=v(x).
\end{...