Newest Questions
159,026 questions
4
votes
1
answer
186
views
Convex hull of 3 points in Cartan-Hadamard manifolds
Can the convex hull of $3$ points in a Cartan-Hadamard manifold be smooth?
A Cartan-Hadamard manifold $M$ is a complete simply connected manifold with nonpositive curvature (so it includes the ...
- 7,179
15
votes
5
answers
2k
views
In what sense does the sentence $\operatorname{con}(\mathsf{PA})$ "say" that $\mathsf{PA}$ is consistent?
It seems common amongst logicians to think of "truth" as being relative to a particular structure. Consider, for instance, the first-order theory of groups. The sentence $\forall x\forall y(...
- 961
7
votes
1
answer
156
views
Nearest neighbors on random complete graph
Consider the complete graph on $2n$ vertices, where the ${2n \choose 2}$ edges have distinct lengths in uniform random
order. So each vertex $v$ has a nearest neighbor $N(v)$, across the shortest ...
- 236
3
votes
1
answer
188
views
Elements of length 0 in extended affine Weyl group for GL(n)
As part of my research, I would like to understand the possible pairs of $(v,\sigma)\in \mathbb Z^n\times S_n$ satisfying the following condition: For $1\le i < j \le n$, we have $\sigma(i) < \...
- 495
0
votes
0
answers
120
views
Topological transversality by dimension
We know that to achieve transverality in the topological category, for example to make a continuous map into a manifold transverse to a topological submanifold, we need the existence of micro normal ...
- 803
0
votes
0
answers
124
views
Are $\zeta'(0)$ and $\beta'(0)$ algebraic numbers?
Let $\zeta$ be the Riemann zeta function and $\beta$ the Dirichlet beta function. We know that $\zeta (0)=-1/2$ and $\beta (0)=1/2$ are algebraic numbers over $\mathbb{Q}$. This led me to the ...
- 317
6
votes
1
answer
574
views
Automorphic representation of GL(1)
These might be very silly questions, but somehow I am not able to understand it or I might have misunderstood something.
I am reading automorphic forms from this book.
What I have understood till now:
...
- 424
3
votes
1
answer
274
views
A question about rigid objects in monoidal categories
Let $(\mathcal{A},\otimes,1_{\mathcal{A}})$ be a monoidal category, and let $M$ be a rigid object of $M$, with left and right dual respectively denoted by
$$
\Big\{M^*,~~~ \epsilon_l:M^* \otimes M \to ...
4
votes
2
answers
293
views
$\mathrm{String}/\mathbb{CP}^{\infty}=\mathrm{Spin}$ or a correction to this quotient group relation
We know that there is a fiber sequence:
$$
\dotsb \to B^3 \mathbb Z \to B \mathrm{String} \to B \mathrm{Spin} \to B^4 \mathbb Z \to \dotsb.
$$
Is this fiber sequence induced from a short exact ...
- 447
1
vote
0
answers
193
views
Marcus-SDE to Itô-SDE
In the field of stochastic calculus, everyone knows the Itô and Stratonovich integrals, as well as the conversion from Stratonovich to Itô SDEs.
The Stratonovich integration has the particularity of ...
- 11
2
votes
2
answers
445
views
Defining a sign of square roots in GF(p)
$\DeclareMathOperator\GF{GF}$Consider the following expression:
$$
\sqrt{a_1} \pm \sqrt{a_2} \pm \dots \pm \sqrt{a_n} = 0,
$$
where $a_1, \dots, a_n$ are positive integers. We want to find the number ...
- 1,171
0
votes
1
answer
231
views
Concentration inequalities for random sampling without replacement
Let a population $C$ consist of $N$ values $c_1, c_2, \cdots, c_N$, with $c_i\in \{0,1\}$. Let $X_1, X_2, \cdots, X_n$ denote a random sample without replacement from $C$ and let $Y_1, Y_2, \cdots, ...
- 105
0
votes
0
answers
110
views
Identity for compositum and intersection of fields
Let $k$ be an arbitrary base field and $K, L, M$ some fields over $k$ contained in a fixed overfield $\Omega$.
Question: Are there some "reasonable" assumptions (ie beyond a bunch of really ...
- 6,038
0
votes
1
answer
337
views
How far does a random walker travel before returning to the origin?
Consider a (continuous time) simple symmetric random walk on $\mathbb Z$, starting from the origin. Let us denote this random walk by $\{X_t: t\geq 0\} $. It is well known that this random walk is ...
- 59
3
votes
1
answer
273
views
Do objects in the derived category behave stackily?
It is well known that derived categories (I'm particularly thinking of constructible derived categories and derived categories of D-modules) don't form a stack. In particular given morphisms in the ...
- 85
1
vote
1
answer
108
views
Simplicial cochain representing the pullback of a class Poincaré dual of a submanifold
Let $K$ be a simplicial complex of dimension $n$, $M$ be a topological manifold, and $f \colon |K|
\to M$ be a continuous map. Let $X$ be an embedded manifold in $M$ of codimension $n$, such that
$f(|...
- 111
4
votes
2
answers
268
views
Convergence of metric spaces of increasing dimension
Given two metric spaces we can define the Gromov-Hausdorff (GH) distance. There are compactness results stating that a sequence of manifolds of a fixed dimension, with a uniform lower Ricci bound and ...
- 81
1
vote
0
answers
22
views
Are the categories of definable dinatural transformations freely generated from discrete graphs?
It is well known that the dinatural transformations between multivariant functors defined in Functorial polymorphism don't form a category, because they do not compose in general, but some do. For any ...
2
votes
0
answers
47
views
From large deviations to finite time probability tails
Cross-Post from Math.SE
Let $(B_t)$ be a standard $d$-dimensional Brownian motion. It is well-known that
$$\mathbb P(\sup_{s\in[0,t]}|B_s|\ge \alpha) \le 4de^{-\alpha^2/2dt}.$$
One possibility to ...
- 245
2
votes
0
answers
63
views
Continuous-time Wold decomposition
I'm looking for a reference for the Wold–Zasukhin decomposition in continuous time for stationary random processes on the real line.
I am aware of the classic result in the book from Rozanov, which ...
- 21
2
votes
1
answer
165
views
string bordism group and framed bordism group for $d \leq 6$ and $d \geq 7$
Why do the string bordism group and the framed bordism group
coincide the same in dimensions lower than 7 ($d = 0,1,2,3,4,5, 6$)?
Why do the string bordism group and the framed bordism group differ
...
- 10.5k
1
vote
0
answers
145
views
Determine the Eilenberg-MacLane spaces on the right-handed side of this Whitehead tower?
What and how to determine the Eilenberg-MacLane spaces on the right-handed side of this Whitehead tower?
Namely, how do we know
$$
K(Z_2,1)?, \quad K(Z_2,2)?, \quad K(Z,4)?
$$
Naively -- in each step ...
- 447
4
votes
0
answers
158
views
Relation between two Harish-Chandra homomorphisms
Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a Lie algebra admitting a triangular decomposition $\frak g = N^-\oplus h\oplus N^+$ and $\gamma$ the classic Harish-Chandra isomorphism defined on the center $\frak Z$ of the ...
- 141
7
votes
0
answers
157
views
Non-abelian ray class fields for local fields
Let $K$ be a non-Archimedean local field. Then, thanks to work of Koch (when $K$ has positive characteristic) and Jannsen-Wingberg (when $K$ has characteristic zero, and odd residual characteristic) ...
- 1,116
1
vote
0
answers
103
views
Coefficients of members in a base-point free linear system
Let $\mathbb{K}\in \{\mathbb{Z},\mathbb{Q},\mathbb{R}\}$ and let $D$ be a base-point free(or ample if it is necessary) $\mathbb{K}$-divisor on a normal projective variety.
I have two questions:
When $...
- 141
4
votes
2
answers
199
views
Minimal norm of Fréchet subdifferential for function Lipschitz over its domain
Let $f:\mathbb{R}^n\rightarrow\mathbb{R}\cup\{+\infty\}$ be an extended real-valued function that is proper, lower semicontinuous, and Lipschitz continuous over its domain $\newcommand{\dom}{\text{dom}...
- 311
1
vote
1
answer
255
views
"On models of elementary elliptic geometry"
While perusing p. 237 of the 3rd ed. of Marvin Greenberg's book on Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometries, I learned that it can actually be proven that "all possible models of hyperbolic ...
- 8,842
4
votes
0
answers
176
views
A computation of nearby cycles
I'm currently reading P.Scholze's paper "THE LANGLANDS-KOTTWITZ APPROACH FOR THE MODULAR
CURVE". In Lemma 7.7, he showed a (maybe simple) nearby cycle computation, which I can't follow.
Now ...
3
votes
0
answers
99
views
Distance between solutions of differential inclusions
Suppose that we have two differential inclusions
$$\frac{dY^1}{dt}(t)\in b_1(Y^1,t)$$
with $Y^1(0)\in Y_0^1$ and
$$\frac{dY^2}{dt}(t)\in b_2(Y^2,t)$$
with $Y^2(0)\in Y_0^2$.
Can we then control $d(Y^1(...
- 1,904
4
votes
1
answer
152
views
Reference request: Uniformly elliptic partial differential operator generates positivity preserving semigroup
I am looking for a reference of the following result:
Let $\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ be be a bounded domain with smooth boundary. Let
$$A = \sum_{i,j=1}^n \partial_i ( a_{ij} \partial_j) + \sum_{i=1}...
- 300
1
vote
0
answers
96
views
Periodic orbits in planar smooth billiard table with large periods
Given a plane billiard table with a smooth boundary which is a Jordan curve, I wonder if there is always a periodic orbit with sufficiently large period.
Formulation of my question: We are considering ...
- 441
1
vote
0
answers
67
views
The eventual number of generators of modules of which $M$ is a subquotient
Let $R$ be a (commutative) ring and let $M$ be an $R$-module. Say that $M$ is subfinitely generated if $M$ is a submodule of a finitely-generated module. Write
$$\mathcal F(M) = \{ M \rightarrowtail N ...
- 64k
0
votes
0
answers
92
views
Dividing balls into two bins and comparing the weight
Let $S$ be a set of $N$ balls $\{b_1, \cdots, b_N\}$, each with weight $w(b_j), j = 1, \cdots, N$. For a subset $A \subseteq S$, define
$$\displaystyle W(A) = \sum_{a \in A} w(a).$$
Initially, $S$ is ...
- 26.9k
1
vote
1
answer
83
views
Sizes of linearly ordered subalgebras of powers
On the grounds that I'm currently teaching a linear algebra class and I enjoy making my students furious, let a linear algebra be an algebra $\mathcal{A}$ in the sense of universal algebra equipped ...
- 20.5k
4
votes
1
answer
341
views
Lebesgue points of a function is not affected by multiplication of the integrand with a smooth function?
Let $S^1$ be the circle, let us consider a function $f(x,t): S^1 \times [0,\infty) \to \mathbb{R}$ such that
\begin{equation}
\int_0^T \int_{S^1} \lvert f(x,t) \rvert dxdt <\infty
\end{equation}
...
- 3,477
1
vote
0
answers
122
views
On the derivation of some asymptotic expressions involving combinatorics
My questions come from the supplementary material in a recent preprint Nonequilibrium statistical mechanics of money/energy exchange models. My first question comes from page 35. Specifically, suppose ...
- 730
1
vote
0
answers
85
views
Approximation of continuous function by multilayer Relu neural network
For continuous/holder function $f$ defined on a compact set K， a fix $L$ and $m_1,m_2,\dots,m_L$, can we find a multilayer Relu fully connected network g with depth $L$ and each $i$-th layer has width ...
- 781
7
votes
1
answer
332
views
Question about a remark on quantization of Coulomb branches
I will follow the definition of Coulomb branches of $3d$ $\mathcal{N}=4$ gauge theories from the paper by Braverman, Finkelberg and Nakajima, Towards a mathematical definition of Coulomb branches of 3-...
- 3,318
1
vote
1
answer
150
views
Is the Boltzmann entropy continuous in the supremum norm?
We define $U : [0, +\infty) \to [0, +\infty)$ by $U(0) := 0$ and $U (s) := s \log s$ for $s >0$. Then $U$ is strictly convex. Let $D$ be the set of all bounded non-negative continuous functions $\...
- 825
11
votes
3
answers
1k
views
"Simple" integral equation
Let $H(z)$ be a continuous solution of the problem
$$
H(z)=\frac1{1-z}\int_z^1 \frac{2\zeta}{1+\zeta} H(\zeta^2)\,d\zeta,\ \ \ z\in[0,1);\ \ \ H(1)=1.
$$
Is it true that $H(0)=1-\ln2$? The question ...
- 283
1
vote
0
answers
72
views
Almost everywhere convergence of the Fourier series of a continuous function
I want to know if there is a simple proof of the almost everywhere convergence of the Fourier series of a function in $C(\mathbb{T})$. I am aware of Carleson-Hunt Theorem. I was wondering if the proof ...
- 895
4
votes
1
answer
277
views
Limit of distributions
Suppose that $X_1,X_2,\ldots, X_n$ are i.i.d random variables with continuous density $f(x)$, which is defined in the whole $\mathbb{R}$. Consider $$s(x)=\lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{1}{n}\log\mathbb{P}(\...
- 233
2
votes
1
answer
344
views
On Iwasawa theory of elliptic curves in $\mathrm{PGL}_2(\mathbb{Z}_p)$-extension
Let $E$ be an elliptic curve over the rationals $\mathbb{Q}$. We consider the Galois representation attached to $E$ by acting on its $p$-adic Tate module $T_p(E)$,
$$
\rho_E: G_{K} \rightarrow \mathrm{...
- 639
2
votes
0
answers
109
views
Definition of Clifford super-connections
I have some questions concerning the definition of Clifford super-connections in Heat Kernels and Dirac Operators:
Definition 3.39. If $A$ is a super-connection on a Clifford module $E\to M$, we say ...
- 339
3
votes
1
answer
152
views
Derive distributional inequalities from pointwise estimates
My question is how to prove the following claim:
Suppose that $E$ is an algebraic set in $\mathbb{R}^n (n\ge3)$ with dimension $\le n-2$, and $u$ is locally Lipschitz continuous
on $\mathbb{R}^n$. If ...
- 33
4
votes
1
answer
245
views
Definition of intersection pairing on an arithmetic surface
$\def\div{\operatorname{div}} \def\Spec{\operatorname{Spec}}$Let $K$ be a number field, $O_K$ be the ring of integers, and $X \to \Spec(O_K)$ be a regular arithmetic surface. I want to understand how ...
- 267
8
votes
1
answer
191
views
Do graded-commutative rings satisfy the strong rank condition?
Let $R$ be a ring. Recall that $R$ is said to satisfy the strong rank condition if, whenever $R^m \to R^n$ is a monomorphism of right $R$-modules (with $m,n \in \mathbb N$), we have $m \leq n$.
It is ...
- 64k
3
votes
0
answers
58
views
Jet at a singular point or a submanifold
Let $M$ be a smooth manifold, $p\in M$ and $f\in C^\infty(M\setminus\{p\})$.
We will say that $f$ has a power-law singularity at $p$ of order $\eta$ if for every smooth immersion $\gamma:(-1,1)\to M$ ...
- 1,488
2
votes
0
answers
66
views
Iterated chaos expansion
Using the notations from Normal Approximations with Malliavin Calculus, Chapter 2
random variables $F$ in the probability space generated by an iso-normal Gaussian family $X(h)$,
$$E[X(h)X(g)] = \...
- 623
63
votes
11
answers
7k
views
What are some ways to stay engaged with the mathematical community from outside academia?
I will be graduating with a Masters degree soon in mathematics. For various reasons I have decided not to pursue a career in academia for now and will instead be working a job in industry that will ...