Questions tagged [lebesgue-measure]
The lebesgue-measure tag has no usage guidance.
182
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Analyticity of a function in two complex variables
Let $f$ be a function defined on $\mathbb{C}^2$ given by
$$
f(s,t)=\int\limits_{-\infty}^{\infty}dk_1 \int\limits_{-\infty}^{\infty}dk_2 \int\limits_{-\infty}^{\infty}dk_3 \frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{s}-k_1\...
3
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1
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133
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Recover an $L^1$ integrand by partial differentiation
Denote by $m$ the 2-dimensional Lebesgue measure on $\mathbb{R}^2$. Let $f$ be an element of $L^1(m)$ that takes only nonnegative values. Define $F : \mathbb{R}^2 \rightarrow [0,\infty)$ by
$$F(x,y) = ...
1
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1
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109
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Resources to understand Lebesgue measure of Brownian motion's path [closed]
[https://www.math.uchicago.edu/~may/VIGRE/VIGRE2011/REUPapers/Hansen.pdf][page 12] and [peter morters][page 47]
Let $B$ be a stanrd Brownian Motion and $R$ a function defined on $\mathbb{R}^2$ such ...
1
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1
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204
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What is the measure of two sets which partition the reals into subsets of positive measure?
This is a follow up to this question, where I wish to partition the reals into two sets $A$ and $B$ that are dense (with positive measure) in every non-empty sub-interval $(a,b)$ of $\mathbb{R}$.
(In ...
5
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319
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Is it known that there is any function $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ at all, whose graph has positive outer measure on every rectangle in the plane?
Suppose $\lambda^{*}$ is the Lebesgue outer measure.
Question:
Does there exist an explicit $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$, where:
The range of $f$ is $\mathbb{R}$
For all real $x_1,x_2,y_1,y_2$, where $...
2
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1
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134
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Finding an explicit & bijective function that satisfies the following properties?
Suppose using the lebesgue outer measure $\lambda^{*}$, we restrict $A$ to sets measurable in the Caratheodory sense, defining the Lebesgue measure $\lambda$.
Question:
Does there exist an explicit ...
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130
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Any $L^\infty (\mathbb{R}^3)$ can be approximated pointwise almost everywhere by continuous function with compact support
In the book Fourier Analysis and Self-adjointess of Reed and Simon in the proof of the
Feynman-Kac formular the author states that for any $V\in L^\infty (\mathbb{R}^3)$ there is a sequence $(V_n)_n$ ...
0
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1
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75
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Convergence in sequential Lebesgue spaces
Consider a strictly increasing sequence $1\leq q_0<q_n<q_{n+1}<q$ such that $q_n\to q$ as $n\to \infty$. Let $B\subset \Bbb R^d$ be a ball, so that $L^{q}(B)\subset L^{q_{n+1}}(B)\subset L^{...
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The existence of a maximal “cross-sectional” filter on the Boolean algebra of measurable subsets of [0, 1] modulo almost everywhere equivalence
Let $\mathcal{B}([0, 1])$ be the Boolean algebra of measurable subsets of $[0, 1]$ modulo almost everywhere equivalence, i.e., two measurable sets which differ only by a Lebesgue null set are ...
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3
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If $A, B$ is a non-trivial partition of $S^1$, is it possible that $R_\theta(A) \cap B$ has measure zero for all rotations $R_\theta$?
This was previously posted to Math StackExchange. I was originally unsure whether it is suitable for posting here, but I've yet to get an answer there, so I'm just trying to see if people here can ...
8
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194
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*-homomorphisms from $L^\infty(0, 1)$ to itself that acts as the identity on continuous functions
Let $\pi: L^\infty([0, 1], \lambda) \rightarrow L^\infty([0, 1], \lambda)$ be a *-homomorphism (where $\lambda$ is the Lebesgue measure on $[0, 1]$), not necessarily normal (otherwise the question is ...
13
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568
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Almost everywhere “filling” of the continuum by the first uncountable cardinal without CH
Assuming the negation of CH, let $\omega_1$ be the first uncountable ordinal, $\mathfrak{c}$ be the cardinality of the continuum. Does there exist a map $f: \omega_1 \times [0, 1] \rightarrow \...
4
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142
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Naïve definition of a measure on a fractal
This question was previously posted on MSE.
Let $K\subset \mathbb R^2$ be a compact fractal of Hausdorff dimension $1<d<2$. I want to define a natural measure on $K$.
One option would be to use ...
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1
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119
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Quantitative version of Lebesgue points theorem
Let $A \subset [0,1]^n$ with $A$ measurable and such that $\mathcal{L}^n (A)= \delta >0$, and consider a partition of $[0,1]^n$ in $\epsilon$-cubes (i.e. cubes of side $\epsilon)$. For $\epsilon \...
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The limit set of consecutive applications of linear transforms to the single segment
Problem. Consider $n$ positive integers $1 < a_1\le \ldots \le a_n$ and $I = \left[\frac{1}{a_n - 1}, \frac{1}{a_1 - 1}\right]$. For each $a_k$ define the linear transform $\phi_k\colon x\mapsto \...
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42
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Measurability in a product space of a set defined only along its fibers
Consider the probability space $([0,1],\mathcal{B}([0,1]),\lambda)$, where $\mathcal{B}([0,1])$ denotes the Borel $\sigma$-algebra in $[0,1]$ and $\lambda$ is the Lebesgue measure in $[0,1]$. Then, ...
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173
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Concentration of volume towards the boundary
Consider a Euclidean space $X$ of large dimension $N$. For a measurable subset $G\subseteq X$ and $\varepsilon>0$ let
$$G_\varepsilon:=\{x\in G\mid B_\varepsilon(x)\subseteq G\}$$
be the set of all ...
4
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0
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227
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If a derivative is defined everywhere and $\pm1$ almost everywhere, is it constant?
Let $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ be a differentiable function such that the set $A:=\{x\in\mathbb{R};f'(x)\not\in\{1,-1\}\}$ has measure $0$. Does this imply that $f'$ is constant?
Context: I was ...
26
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2
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What is the origin/history of the following very short definition of the Lebesgue integral?
Typical courses on real integration spend a lot of time defining the Lebesgue measure and then spend another lot of time defining the integral with respect to a measure. This is sometimes criticized ...
3
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161
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Property of sets of positive Lebesgue measure in $\mathbb{R}^2$
Let $P\subset \mathbb{R}^2$ be a set of positive Lebesgue measure. Is it always true that a suitable rotation and translation of $P$ always contains a set of the form $\{re^{i\theta}:r\in E, \theta\...
5
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0
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112
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Is there a natural finitely additive measure for which Vitali sets have measure zero?
Vitali sets are nonmeasurable and in particular are not null sets. But all Vitali sets are in some sense small, as described below. Let $V$ be any Vitali set and let $k \in \mathbb{N}$. For each $i \...
6
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0
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254
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Existence of a limit of alpha-difference quotient for Hölder functions
Let $f:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}^d,d\geq 1,$ be an Hölder function with exponent $\alpha\in (0,1)$, meaning that
\begin{equation}
\sup_{x, y \in \mathbb R, \,x\neq y}\frac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|^\alpha}<...
8
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1
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2k
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How badly can the Lebesgue differentiation theorem fail?
Suppose $f:\mathbb{R}^n\to\mathbb{R}$ is integrable. Is it true that
$$
\lim_{r\to 0}\frac{\displaystyle\int_{B_r(0)}f(y)~\mathrm dy}{r^{n-1}}=0 \quad ?
$$
This is obvious if $0$ is a Lebesgue point ...
2
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156
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Problem regarding set of positive Lebesgue measure in $\mathbb{R}^2$
Let $T_{p,q}$ be line joining $(0,0)$ and $(p,q).$ Now let us define the set
$$L= \bigcup_{p\in[0,1]\cap \mathbb{Q}}T_{p,1} \bigcup_{q\in[0,1]\cap \mathbb{Q}}T_{1,q} $$
and consider $P=[0,1]\times[0,...
2
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1
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238
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$\sigma$-algebra generated by analytic sets
The Borel $\sigma$-algebra $\cal B$ on real numbers has many good properties. For instance, all continuous functions are $\cal B/\cal B$-measurable. On the other side, not only $\cal B$ is not ...
0
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135
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$f=0$ in $H^{-1}(\Omega)$ implies $f=0$ almost everywhere
Does $f=0$ in $H^{-1}(\Omega)=(H^1_0(\Omega))^*$ implies $f=0$ almost everywhere in $\Omega$?
0
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0
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43
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Sets measurable in every affine subspace
Take a non-measurable subset $S\subseteq [-1,1]$ and subtract $S\times \{0\}$ from the unit disk $B$ in $\mathbb{R}^2$. The set $X=B\setminus (S\times \{0\})$ is measurable by 2-D Lebesgue measure ...
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1
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156
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Topological analog of the Lusin-N property
$A\subset \Bbb{R}$ is meager if $A$ can be expressed as a countable union of nowhere dense sets.
Let $f:[a, b]\to \Bbb{R}$ is absolutely continuous, i.e., for every $\epsilon>0$, there exists $\...
3
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2
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389
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Growth of $L^p$ norms as $p \to \infty$
Let $f$ be a non-negative function defined on the unit interval. It is well known that $N(p) := \left(\int_0^1 f^p(t) dt\right)^{\frac{1}{p}} $ converges to $\operatorname{esssup}_{[0,1]} f$ when $p \...
1
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1
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95
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Measurable sets of $\mathbb R^n$ forming unique absolutely continuous convex combinations?
If we consider a finite set $A\subset\mathbb R^n$, uniqueness of the convex decomposition of points in $A$ is equivalent to the absence of $\mu\neq0$ signed measure supported on $A$ such that $\mu(\...
0
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1
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79
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An equation in the convolution measure algebra on reals
Let us consider the measure algebra $M(\mathbb{R})$ consisting of all Radon measures on reals.
Let $\mu$ be a Radon measure in $M(\mathbb{R})$ and $\delta_0$ be the point mass measure concentrated on ...
4
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1
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184
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Generalized limits in Boolean algebras
Let $\mathbb{B}$ be an infinite $\sigma$-complete Boolean algebra. By $\mathbb{B}^\omega$ we denote the countable product of $\mathbb{B}$ with the coordinate-wise operations. Let us call a ...
0
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1
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383
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Is the point-wise limit of simple functions a measurable function?
Let $X$ and $Y$ be topological spaces. By a simple function $\phi: X\to Y$ we mean a finite range Borel measurable function.
Q. Is the point-wise limit of a sequence of simple functions a Borel ...
1
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1
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125
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Isomorphy between Lebesgue space $L_1$ and the $l_1$ sum of $L_1[0,1]$ spaces
Is it true that for an infinite index set $I$, we have that $L_{1}([0,1]^{I}, \mathbb{R})$ can be written as the infinite direct sum of $L_{1}([0,1], \mathbb{R})$, i.e.
$$L_{1}([0,1]^{I}, \mathbb{R})=\...
3
votes
1
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277
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Special version of Tonelli’s theorem
I am trying to prove this theorem. I have not found anything similar to it on the internet.
Special version of Tonelli’s theorem
Assume that the functions $f(x,u): [a,b] \times \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{...
6
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1
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377
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A problem concerning a divergent function on $[0, 1]$
This problem was posted on another forum and was given at the 1992 Miklós Schweitzer Competition. This competition is known for its very difficult problems and this one seems no exception. I also can'...
2
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0
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121
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Weak convergence of atomic measure to Lebesgue measure
Let $G$ be the open $n$-ball in $\mathbb{R}^n$ and $G^\Delta$ the set of points in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with distance less than $\Delta>0$ from $G$.
Let $G_T=\{Tx: x\in G \}$ and $G_T^\Delta = \{ Tx: x \...
5
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0
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98
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Which reals are Lebesgue measures of regions in $\mathbb R^n$ defined by inequalities involving polynomials with integer coefficients?
Let $a$ be a real number. What are necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a positive integer $n$ and a finite set of polynomials $p_1,\ldots,p_k$ with integer coefficients in $n$ ...
1
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1
answer
355
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Support of a measure
Let $T:X\to X$ be a continuous function on a compact manifold $X$ and let $\text{Leb}$ be the Lebesgue measure normalized so that $\text{Leb}(X)= 1$. We denote by $\mathcal{M}(X)$ the space of all ...
0
votes
1
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59
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Evaluating a limit at a discontinuity of a monotone rearrangment (distribution function)
I have a question that occurred to me and has been bothering me, because maybe graphically it seems obvious but I don't know how to get there. It has to do with the distribution function and monotone ...
2
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1
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97
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Problem regarding vanishing set of convolution
Let $f$ vanishes on an open set containing 0. So there exists $l>0$ such that $f$ vanishes on $B(0,2l).$ So we can choose $g\in C_c^\infty (\mathbb{R}^n)$ (supported on $B(0,l)$) such that $f*g$ ...
1
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0
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76
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Cosine function evaluations are linearly independent? [closed]
Let $\{x_1,\ldots,x_n\}$ be distinct points in $\mathbb{R}^d$, and consider the functions $f_j(x) = cos(w_j^T x + b_j)$ for $w_j \in\mathbb{R}^d$, $b_j\in\mathbb{R}$, $j=1\ldots,m$, and let $m\ge n$. ...
5
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1
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288
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Continuity of real functions
The following question concerns that without $ZF+DC$, can every function be "a little bit" continuous?
Question Is it consistent with $ZF+DC$ that for any function $f:[0,1]\to [0,1]$ and ...
1
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0
answers
88
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$ \lim _{n \rightarrow \infty} \int_{E} \frac{f_{n}^{2}(x)}{1+f_{n}^{2}(x)} \mathrm{d} m=0 $ associated with convergence in measure [closed]
For $m E<+\infty$, why the sufficient and necessary condition of $\left\{f_{n}(x)\right\}$ converge in measure to $0$ is
$$
\lim _{n \rightarrow \infty} \int_{E} \frac{f_{n}^{2}(x)}{1+f_{n}^{2}(x)}...
1
vote
1
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94
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Prove the integral of multi-variable rational fraction is convergent
I have posted this problem in MSE long ago:
https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/3782868/multi-variable-rational-fraction-integral. But it hasn't been solved yet so I post it here. Maybe this ...
1
vote
0
answers
50
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Pontryagin's principle with Lebesgue-integrable control
Does there exist a (weak) version of Pontryagin's minimum principle in which the control is allowed to be just Lebesgue integrable? I am mostly familiar with the 1975 text of Fleming & Rishel, ...
2
votes
2
answers
582
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In practice, how is the Lebesgue measure usually generalized?
The general question
It is easy to find on the Wikipedia page for Lebesgue measure that Haar measure is a common generalization that preserves the idea of "invariance under some group action"...
2
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0
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116
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Necessary and sufficient conditions on kernels of trace-class operators
Question: Let $K \in L^2(R^n\times R^n)$. Are "explicit" necessary and sufficient conditions known such that $K$ is the kernel of some trace-class operator $A \in TC(L^2(R^n))$?
We know that ...
0
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1
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103
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Convoluted Cantor-like measure which has a continuous component [duplicate]
Let $\mu$ be a finite measure on $\mathbb R$ which has no atoms, and no component continuous with respect to Lebesgue measure. An example is the law of the random variable
$$
\sum_{k\ge 1}3^{-k}X_k
$$...
3
votes
1
answer
150
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Coloring the uncountable Lebesgue-measurable sets of $\mathbb{R}$
A hypergraph $H=(V,E)$ consists of a set $V$ and $E\subseteq {\mathcal P}(V)$, that is, $E$ consists of subsets of $V$ of arbitrary size. Obviously, a graph is a special kind of hypergraph.
Let $H=(V,...