Trending questions
159,036 questions
37
votes
6
answers
6k
views
What is the oldest open math problem outside of number theory?
The question of "What is the oldest open problem in mathematics?" comes up from time to time, and there seems to be consensus that the answer is "Are there any odd perfect numbers?"...
- 13k
2
votes
1
answer
127
views
Changing the weight space for an eigenvariety
Let $G$ be an algebraic group (like $\operatorname{GL}_2$ or $\operatorname{GL}_2 \times\operatorname{GL}_2$ for example). Assume that there exists an eigenvariety $\mathcal{E}^G$ parameterizing ...
- 93
2
votes
1
answer
65
views
On the stationarity of Gaussian processes
I am trying to understand and prove the statement:
The normal (or Gaussian) process is stationary in the wide sense if and only if it is strictly stationary.
I know the following:
A strictly ...
1
vote
0
answers
92
views
Compactification of smooth varieties with normal crossing boundary
I see in this paper, page 46, the second sentence of 4.1, that every smooth variety over a characteristic $0$ field can be embedded into a proper smooth variety with normal crossing boundary, and the ...
- 785
0
votes
0
answers
110
views
Substitution of the old variable to a generating function
Assume that we have one of the 4 types of generating functions (say F(p, Q)) which defines a symplectomorphism $T$:
$(P,Q) = (u(p,q), v(p,q))$. Now we can make a substitution and get a function $G(p,q)...
- 728
2
votes
1
answer
270
views
Jacobian fibration of elliptic fibration: basic relations between Enriques invariants
Let $f: X \to B$ be an elliptic fibration, so proper map from smooth surface $X$ onto smooth conn. curve over alg closed base field $k$ with connected fibers such that almost all fibers are elliptic ...
- 6,038
0
votes
0
answers
128
views
Asymptotics of sum $\sum_{d \mid n} \frac{\mu(d)}{d^2}$
Is anything known about the asymptotics of the sum
$$
\sum_{d \mid n} \frac{\mu(d)}{d^2}
$$
as $n$ tends to infinity? I am particularly interested in $\liminf_{n \to \infty}$. Here, $\mu$ is the ...
- 269
4
votes
0
answers
151
views
Identities to go from $\sum_{n\leq x} \mu(n) \log \frac{x}{n}$ to $M(x) = \sum_{n\leq x} \mu(n)$?
Let $\mu$ be the Möbius function. Say we have a bound on $\check{M}(x) = \sum_{n\leq x} \mu(n) \log \frac{x}{n}$ of the form $|\check{M}(x)|\leq \epsilon x$ for all $x\geq x_0$.
It is then easy to ...
- 20.2k
0
votes
2
answers
126
views
Unique coupling
Let $X$ be a Polish metric space, and let $\mu,\nu$ be two Borel probability measures on $X$, when is the product measure the only coupling of $\mu$ and $\nu$. More formally, let $$\Gamma(\mu,\nu):=\{\...
- 245
1
vote
3
answers
259
views
Eigenvalues of positive matrices in $\mathrm{SL}(d,\mathbb{Z})$
Let $A\in\operatorname{SL}(d,\mathbb{Z})$ be an irreducible positive matrix, i. e. $A=(a_{i,j})_{1\leq i,j\leq d}$ with $a_{i,j}\in\mathbb{Z}_{>0}$. From the Perron-Frobenius theorem, we know that $...
- 11
6
votes
2
answers
569
views
Can the real numbers be constructed as/from a Hom-object in a topos?
I've been reading through Greenblatt's Topoi and while I'm still definitely over my head I'm starting to get a feel for some of the concepts at play there. I see the definitions of $\mathbb{R}_c$ and $...
- 1,951
25
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Is there a continuous partition of space into circles?
Question 1. Is there a continuous partition of space $\mathbb{R}^3$ into circles?
I strongly suspect not.
It is well-known by diverse arguments that space can be partitioned into circles. There is an ...
- 236k
7
votes
2
answers
297
views
Finding prime ideals for ideal classes in arbitrary Dedekind domains
Let $R$ be an algebraic number ring with class group $C(R)$, and let $x : C(R)$. Then there exists a prime ideal $P$ in $R$ such that the ideal class $[[P]] = x$, and in fact there are infinitely many ...
- 171
0
votes
0
answers
77
views
Nice formula for powers of modified Bessel function
Let $K_\nu(z)$ be the modified Bessel function of second kind. I am looking the geometric series
$$1+aK_v+(aK_v)^2+(aK_v)^3...$$
I know there are formula for product of two such functions. I would ...
- 275
3
votes
1
answer
189
views
Ribe's Theorem: finitely representability between two uniformly homeomorphic Banach spaces
An infinite-dimensional Banach space $X$ is said to be crudely finitely representable (with constant $\lambda$) in an infinite-dimensional Banach space $Y$ if there is a constant $\lambda>1$ such ...
- 33
14
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Expected survival time in Russian Roulette not monotone?
Let $a, n$ be positive integers with $a < n$. A revolver with $n$ chambers is loaded with $a$ bullets, where the distribution is uniform among all $\binom{n}{a}$ possible choices of $a$ objects ...
- 6,321
0
votes
0
answers
118
views
Uncomplete argument in Nishioka book
In Nishioka book "Mahler functions and transcendence" in the proof of Theorem 4.2.1, Nishioka asserts the following: For a matrix $A=(a_{i,j})_{1\le i\le m}$ with coefficients in $K[z]$ ($K$ ...
- 3,998
3
votes
2
answers
368
views
Largest prime factors of integer polynomials
I have a question in analytic number theory which is closely related to the open problem (Bunyakovsky conjecture and more generally, Schinzel's hypothesis H) that asks you if, any irreducible ...
- 302
3
votes
1
answer
250
views
Relation between $\mathbb{R}$ and the metric space of bounded functions $f:\mathbb{N}\to\mathbb{N}$
Let $\newcommand{\N}{\mathbb{N}}\newcommand{\B}{\mathbf{B}}\B(\N)$ be the collection of all bounded functions $f:\N\to\N$. (A function $f:\N\to\N$ is bounded if there is $M\in\N$ such that $f(k) < ...
- 48.9k
8
votes
0
answers
93
views
Literature request: Jordan-Hölder property in exact categories
The Jordan-Hölder theorem says that any chain of subobjects of a finite length object can be refined to a composition series, and that any composition series has the same length. We say an exact ...
- 123
2
votes
0
answers
120
views
Is the fixed point index bounded?
I am working with the notion of fixed point index presented in the book "The Lefschetz fixed point theorem" of Robert Brown (MR283793, Zbl 0216.19601) and I would like to know if given any ...
- 21
2
votes
0
answers
152
views
Characters on commutative algebra of operators on $L^2(\mathrm{SL}_2(R))$ coming from regular representation
Let $\pi$ be the regular representation of $G=\operatorname{SL}_2(R)$ on $L^2(G)$. Let $M$ be the (commutative) convolution algebra generated by measures of the form $m_K * \delta_g * m_K$ where $m_K$ ...
- 494
4
votes
0
answers
173
views
Why are the Hodge filtrations on cohomology canonically bounded?
If $X$ is a complex projective variety of dimension $n$ then the de Rham cohomology $H^{k}(X,\mathbb Q)$ naturally has a mixed Hodge structure with an increasing weight filtration $W_\bullet$ and a ...
- 141
2
votes
1
answer
386
views
Is it always possible to connect the endpoints of a smooth injective path, so the resulting path is smooth, closed and simple?
Motivation
The motivation for this question arises from the following problem: Is there a closed, simple, and infinitely differentiable path on the (complex) plane such that every straight line has a ...
1
vote
1
answer
112
views
Delooping groupoid
I have seen the notion of a delooping groupoid defined as a 1-groupoid having a single object * and the automorphisms of * to be the group G, with the composition of 1-morphisms being the usual group ...
- 331
1
vote
1
answer
61
views
Embedding of domain of fractional power of Laplacian into Sobolev space for cylindrical domains
On a bounded domain $\Omega \subset \mathbb R^d, d\geq 2$ with smooth boundary, it is well known that for the Dirichlet Laplacian $\Delta_D$, $D((-\Delta_D)^\frac12) = H^1_0(\Omega)$.
I'm interested ...
- 153
-1
votes
0
answers
80
views
Internalization and enrichment
I am starting with the ideas of higher categories. I have encountered the notions of internalization and enrichment. I haven't quite understood how do they lead to (n+1,r+1) categories starting from (...
- 331
1
vote
0
answers
108
views
L.c.i locus of Hilbert scheme of points on singular varieties
Let $X$ be an algebraic variety over $\mathbb{C}$. What can we say about the l.c.i. locus of $\text{Hilb}^n(X)$?
When $X$ is smooth, it is well-known that the l.c.i. locus of $\text{Hilb}^n(X)$ is ...
- 385
5
votes
0
answers
194
views
When is the image of $\operatorname{Gal}(\bar K/K)$ open in $\operatorname{Aut}(V)$, where $V$ is the vector space coming from a $p$-adic Tate module?
Let $K$ be a finite extension of $\mathbb{Q}_p$ with ring of integers $A$. Let $F$ be a $p$-divisible group and $T$ be the Tate module. Consider the vector space $V=T \otimes_{\mathbb{Q}_p} C$, where $...
- 195
5
votes
0
answers
543
views
A problem on additive combinatorics in right-ordered groups
In a paper Small doubling in ordered groups: generators and structure it is proven in Lemma 4 page no. 598 that:
Let $G$ be an ordered group. Let $S$ be a finite subset of $G$ with at least two ...
1
vote
1
answer
67
views
Does convergence in probability of iid samples imply convergence in measure of the sampled functions?
Let $g_i: [0, 1] \to \mathbb R$ be $L^1$ functions, equibounded in $L^1$ norm. Let $X_i$ a sequence of iid uniform random variables on $[0, 1]$. Suppose that
$$\frac{1}{n} \sum_{i = 1}^n g_i (X_i) \to ...
- 6,321
5
votes
2
answers
300
views
Non-semisimple Lie groups and Higgs bundles
$\DeclareMathOperator\SO{SO}\DeclareMathOperator\SL{SL}\DeclareMathOperator\GL{GL}$Let $X$ be a compact Riemann surface. Let $G$ be a real reductive Lie group, $H$ be a maximal compact subgroup of $G$ ...
- 151
1
vote
0
answers
182
views
"Reflex field" for $\mathbb H/\Gamma$ for $\Gamma$ non-congruence
Suppose $\Gamma$ is a non-congruence arithmetic subgroup of $PGL_2(\mathbb Z)$, and $\mathbb H$ is the upper half plane of $\mathbb C$. Then by Belyi's theorem we know $\mathbb H/\Gamma$ is an ...
- 785
23
votes
4
answers
2k
views
Identity for an infinite product
Here is an experimental "result" exhibiting the difference of two (formal) infinite products that "almost factorizes".
QUESTION. Is this true?
$$\prod_{n\geq1}(1+x^{2n-1})^{24} - \...
- 43.2k
4
votes
2
answers
377
views
Witt coordinates vs Joyal coordinates on the ring of Witt vectors
I am learning about Witt vectors following [K, Ch. 3], but I am having trouble with the presentation of his material (see (Q1) below).
Kedlaya's definition for ring $W(A)$ of the Witt vectors on a ...
3
votes
1
answer
298
views
Motives and birational invariance
One can construct non-isomorphic smooth projective varieties which define the same motive by blowing up $\mathbb{P}^2$ at five points. I think I learned this here at MathOverflow. But these examples ...
- 205
5
votes
2
answers
670
views
Recent breakthroughs with applied origins
Historically, the boundary between pure mathematics and its applications was much less defined. However, with the increasing complexity of modern mathematics and the resulting need for specialization, ...
1
vote
1
answer
74
views
Positivity of caloric measure density on a cylinder
Let $u$ be a solution to the heat equation $u_t = \Delta u$ in the unit cylinder $B_1\times(-1,0) \subset \mathbb R^{n+1}$.
Then, it is well known (see for instance Chapter 2 in "Watson - ...
4
votes
1
answer
341
views
Minimum eigenvalue of a symmetric matrix
I was solving a problem and got stuck on the following:
Let $[p] = \{1, \ldots, p\}$ where $p \in \mathbb{N}$. Let $P(n, r)$ denote the set of all injective functions from $[r]$ to $[n]$ and write a ...
- 41
0
votes
1
answer
188
views
Does the second Bourgain–Delbaen space belong to C_p?
The second Bourgain–Delbaen space $Y$ is a separable $\mathcal{L}_\infty$ space such that $Y$ contains no copy of $c_0$ or $\ell_1$. The dual space is isomorphic to $\ell_1$.
An operator $T:X\to Y$ ...
7
votes
2
answers
244
views
Prove that $ n \leq d+1 $ under ordering constraints in $\mathbb{R}^d$
Let $x_1, \dotsc, x_n \in \mathbb{R}^d$ and $\theta_1, \dotsc, \theta_n \in \mathbb{R}^d$ be vectors such that for every $k \in [n]$, the following inequality holds:
$$
\langle x_k, \theta_k \rangle &...
20
votes
1
answer
620
views
Conjecture on the number of roots of $z^n + P(z)$ within the unit disk
Some other people and I have noticed that the following seems to be true.
Fix an integer polynomial $P \in \mathbb{Z}[x]$. Let $a_n$ be the number of roots of $z^n + P(z) = 0$ that lie in the unit ...
- 303
-3
votes
0
answers
137
views
Approximation on Dirichlet's arithmetic progression by means of central limit theorem
In this video lecture on
Number theory over function fields taught by Will Sawin
is presented a 'conceptional' reason for error estimation
$\#\{p \in \Bbb P: p =a \ \text{mod} \ N, p <x \}
=\frac{1}...
- 619
1
vote
2
answers
225
views
Bounds of zeta function near $\Re(s)=1$
Richert proved in
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01399533
that $$ \zeta(s) =O\left( |\Im(s)|^{100(1-\Re(s))^{3/2}} (\log |\Im(s)|)^{2/3}\right)$$ uniformly in the region $\Re(s)\in [1/2,1]...
- 3,062
6
votes
1
answer
133
views
Number of semistandard tableaux of all possible shapes fitting within some rectangle
Suppose $n$ and $k$ are two integers. Then I am interested in having a closed form for the sum
$$\sum_{\lambda \subset k \times n} S_\lambda (\mathbb{C}^n),$$
where $S_\lambda$ denotes the Schur ...
- 553
2
votes
1
answer
337
views
Application of the adjoint functor theorem to get the right adjoint of the forgetful functor from $\delta$-rings to rings (the Witt vectors)
I am studying $\delta$-rings and Witt vectors from [K] (the definition of $\delta$-ring is [K, 2.1.1]), and I am having trouble verifying that everything in Kedlaya's definition for the Witt vectors ...
3
votes
0
answers
94
views
What axioms are needed to show that the range of a finitely additive diffuse measure on $\mathbb N$ is not closed?
The other day I learned of a small error in the book Theory of Charges: A Study of Finitely Additive Measures. Example 11.4.1 goes as follows.
Let $\mu_0$ be a finitely additive probability measure ...
- 869
8
votes
0
answers
282
views
Meaning of the Ehrhart polynomial at $-1/2$?
I am studying a large collection of lattice polytopes, all of them being simple and empty. The dimension can be any integer. The dilatation by $2$ gives non-empty polytopes.
For many of these ...
- 3,587
5
votes
0
answers
181
views
Deformations of cotangent bundles
Let $M$ be a smooth variety of even dimension over $\mathbb C$. I am interested in necessary or sufficient conditions such that $X$ is a deformation of a family of cotangent bundles.
In other words, ...
- 6,622
1
vote
1
answer
80
views
$p$-torsion related to algebraic groups
Definition $14.14$ from "Linear algebraic groups and finite groups of Lie type" by Malle and Testerman:
A prime $p$ is a torsion prime for a linear algebraic group $G$ if the fundamental ...
- 217