All Questions
6,103 questions
1
vote
1
answer
330
views
Does $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{(-1)^n e^{\sin{n}}}{\sqrt{n}}$ converge?
I am trying to study the converge of the series
$$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{(-1)^n e^{\sin{n}}}{\sqrt{n}}$$
But $e^{\sin{n}}$ is not monotone, and the Abel's test rule fails here. Can someone help me? ...
- 287
5
votes
0
answers
285
views
How do you go about making ranges (for integer variables) independent?
Basic question: say you have a sum
$$\sum_{n_1 n_2 \dotsb n_k \leq x} f(n_1,\dotsc,n_k),$$
where $f$ decomposes in some sense (say: $f(n_1,\dotsc,n_k) = g(n_1) + \dotsb + g(n_k)$, or $f(n_1,\dotsc,n_k)...
- 20.2k
1
vote
2
answers
102
views
About the recursive inequality $w_p \geq (1-\frac {\pi}n)w_{p-2n} + 2\pi + o(1)$
Suppose we have a non-decreasing sequence of positive real numbers that tend to infinity: $0<w_1\leq w_2\leq w_3\leq...$ It is known that:
For every $n$ and $p\geq 2n$, we have $w_p \geq (1-\frac {...
- 525
0
votes
1
answer
139
views
Proving negativeness of function involving $-\log t$
I have been trying to solve the following function is non-increasing with respect $\theta$
\begin{equation}
h(t,\beta) = \frac{1-t-\frac{\beta(-\log t)^{\theta}}{\theta(-\log \beta)^{\theta -1}}}{1-\...
- 23
2
votes
0
answers
99
views
Closed form for $\int_0^{+\infty} \ln^p(t) \frac{\sin^q(t)}{t^r}dt$
Do you know if there exists a closed form for the integral :
$$I_{p,q,r} = \int_0^{+ \infty} \ln^p(t) \frac{ \sin^q (t)}{t^r} dt$$
where $p$, $q$, $r$ are natural integers such as this integral ...
- 69
0
votes
0
answers
72
views
An example of a groupoid that satisfy the following hypothesis
In the paper titled, 'Tannaka–Krein duality for compact groupoids I, Representation theory', the author proves the Peter Weyl theorem on compact groupoids. In the statement, he gives the hypothesis ...
2
votes
1
answer
132
views
Points of differentiability of convex functions
Let $U$ be an open neighbourhood of $0 \in \mathbb{R}^2$ and $f\colon U \to \mathbb{R}$ a convex (and bounded) function. Denote by $D \subset U$ the set of points on which $f$ is totally ...
- 2,998
0
votes
0
answers
60
views
Criteria for log-absolute-monotonicity
Consider a function $f: [0,1] \rightarrow \mathbb R$ defined by a power series $f(x) = a_0 + a_1 x + a_2 x^2 + \dots$, where all $a_i$ are positive.
Is there are any criterion in terms of the ...
- 3,475
7
votes
1
answer
268
views
Sequential continuity and the Axiom of Choice
It is well-known that ZF cannot prove the following:
"for a function $f$ from reals to reals and any real $x$, $f$ is continuous at $x$ if and only if $f$ is sequentially continuous at $x$."...
- 4,359
23
votes
4
answers
2k
views
Identity for an infinite product
Here is an experimental "result" exhibiting the difference of two (formal) infinite products that "almost factorizes".
QUESTION. Is this true?
$$\prod_{n\geq1}(1+x^{2n-1})^{24} - \...
- 43.2k
2
votes
0
answers
85
views
Higher cohomology groups for the trivial action of the reals on themselves
For a freely generated countable abelian group $A$ with the trivial action on itself ($a\cdot b = b$) the resulting cohomology groups are well-known and eventually vanish (see e.g. here). Coming from ...
- 1,411
-1
votes
1
answer
61
views
Asking for some references on correlations of joint optimization problems
Here are two problems that I am trying to understand, and it would be nice if someone could provide references on whether there is some structure theorem for these problems that have been studied in ...
7
votes
1
answer
346
views
Mean Cauchy sequences
Let $X$ be a complete metric space. Suppose a sequence of elements $x_n$ is Cauchy in mean, in the sense that
$$\lim_{K \to \infty} \limsup_{N, M \to \infty} \frac{1}{NM} \sum_{i = K+1}^{K + N} \sum_{...
- 6,155
2
votes
1
answer
314
views
Are surjective homogeneous maps open at zero?
I'm asking this question as a follow-up inspired by this one: An open mapping theorem for homogeneous functions?
I'm actually wondering whether there exists an homogeneous map $f:\mathbb R^n\to\mathbb ...
- 311
7
votes
1
answer
224
views
Does the decomposability of $\mathbb{R}$ imply analytic LLPO?
By "BISH" I mean constructive mathematics without axiom of countable choice.
By $\mathbb{R}^f$ I mean real numbers as fundamental sequences of rational numbers and by $\mathbb{R}^d$ I mean ...
3
votes
1
answer
240
views
Solutions and asymptotics of the ODE $ f''=f^{-\alpha} $
Consider the ODE $ f''=f^{-\alpha} $, where $ \alpha>1 $ and $ f>0 $ in $ \mathbb{R} $. Assume that for $ [f]_{\frac{2}{\alpha+1}}\leq A $, where $ A>0 $ is a constant and
$$
[f]_{\frac{2}{\...
- 1,219
0
votes
1
answer
153
views
Lebesgue measure of the level set of sum of two nonnegative functions
Let $f, g:\mathbb{R}^n\to \mathbb{R}$ be nonnegative functions such that $g$ is a strictly positive homogeneous function. As commented by Fedor Petrov below, one may not have that for any $\lambda>...
- 407
5
votes
0
answers
608
views
What is the correct $L^\infty$ limit of this strange variational problem, and what does it encode?
1. On the $L^\infty$ calculus of variations:
The field known as the $L^\infty$ calculus of variations is a relatively new field that concerns itself with minimising functionals involving the supremum ...
- 6,155
4
votes
1
answer
249
views
Does this functional admit an absolute minimizer?
This is a close relative of the following problem.
Let $\Omega$ be an open, bounded subdomain of $\mathbb R^n$ with smooth boundary, and $f_i \in W^{1, \infty} (\Omega)$ a sequence of functions ...
- 6,155
3
votes
2
answers
614
views
Should coffee machines be placed at the region's boundary?
This is a continuation of Should coffee machines be deconcentrated?
Recall that some region is denoted by convex and compact $E\subset \mathbb R^2$. $N\ge 1$ coffee machines are provided for the ...
- 1,389
-1
votes
1
answer
122
views
Divergent summation [closed]
Let $(x_i)_{i=0}^\infty$ be a sequence such that $0<x_i<1\ \forall i \in \mathbb{N} \cup {0}$.Consider the following series:
$$\sum_{i=1}^\infty \frac{x_i}{\left(\sum_{k=0}^{i-1} x_k \right)^2}.$...
- 21
7
votes
1
answer
179
views
More on the Gram matrix of $6$ unit vectors in $\Bbb R^3$
Let $G=(g_{ij}\colon i,j=1,\dots,6)$ be the $6\times6$ Gram matrix of $6$ unit vectors in $\Bbb R^3$. Let
$$u:=\sum_{1\le i<j\le 6}g_{ij}^2,\quad v:=\sum_{1\le i<j<k\le 6}g_{ij}g_{ik}g_{jk}.$$...
- 128k
2
votes
1
answer
231
views
Is Boltzmann entropy well-defined for arbitrary probability density function?
$\newcommand{\bR}{\mathbb{R}}\newcommand{\diff}{\mathop{}\!\mathrm{d}}$ We define a continuous function $\varphi : \bR_+ \to \bR$ by
$$
\varphi (s) :=
\begin{cases}
0 &\text{if} \quad s =0 , \\
s \...
- 835
4
votes
1
answer
96
views
On the Gram matrix of $6$ unit vectors in $\Bbb R^3$
Let $G$ be the $6\times6$ Gram matrix of $6$ unit vectors in $\Bbb R^3$.
Can the mean of the squares of the off-diagonal entries of $G$ be $<1/5$?
Remark 1: A numerical experiment suggests that $...
- 128k
11
votes
2
answers
425
views
Maximization of a cubic form over the $14$-dimensional sphere
For any integers $i$ and $j$ such as $1\le i<j\le6$, let $x_{ij}$ be a nonnegative real number.
Is it true that, given the condition
$$\sum_{1\le i<j\le6}x_{ij}^2=1,$$
the sum
$$\sum_{1\le i<...
- 128k
6
votes
2
answers
492
views
Does this polynomial have a real zero less than or equal to $1/2$?
Is the smallest root $x$ of
$$
10x^{3}-30x^{2}+\left(30-2\sum_{1\le i<j\le6}\cos^{2}\alpha_{ij}\right)x\\
+2\sum_{1\le i<j\le6}\cos^{2}\alpha_{ij}-\sum_{1\le i<j<k\le6}\cos\alpha_{ij}\cos\...
user538574
4
votes
1
answer
110
views
Scaling of stopped Hölder norm of Brownian motion
I'm interested in the behaviour of the stopped $\alpha$-Hölder norm of a one-dimensional real-valued Brownian motion $(B_t)_{t \geq 0}$ for $\alpha < 1/2$.
For fixed $T>0$, self similarity ...
- 153
-4
votes
1
answer
302
views
A Question in Fourier Analysis proposing a conjecture
Let $f$ be a $2\pi$ periodic BV function whose derivative is also BV.Let the amount of jump at a point $x$ is denoted as $\lfloor f \rfloor (x) = f(x+0)-f(x-0)$ Define function $J:\mathbb{R} \to\...
- 698
2
votes
0
answers
58
views
$L^2$ approximation of delta functions on real algebraic varieties and asymptotic bounds
Let $X$ be a smooth projective variety over $\mathbb{C}$ of dimension $n$. Consider a probability measure $\mu$ on $X(\mathbb{R})$, absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure induced ...
1
vote
0
answers
125
views
Relating singular homology of function spaces: a natural transformation from $C(\mathbb{R}, -)$ to $L^p(\mathbb{R}, -)$
Consider the category $\mathcal{Top}_*$ of pointed topological spaces and continuous basepoint-preserving maps. Let $C(\mathbb{R}, X)$ denote the space of continuous maps from the real line $\mathbb{R}...
user538396
0
votes
0
answers
100
views
Construct a bi-Lipschitz mapping that maps a cube to a ball which has the same center with the cube
A mapping $f: \mathbb{R}^n\to \mathbb{R}^n$ is said to be $K$-bi-Lipschitz, $K>1$, if
\begin{equation*}
\dfrac{1}{K}\leqslant \dfrac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|}\leqslant K,
\end{equation*}
for any $x,y\in \...
- 69
9
votes
3
answers
2k
views
Smallest root of a degree 3 polynomial
Is it true that the smallest root $t$ of the polynomial
$$
20 t^3 - 30 t^2 + (12 - 4 \cos^2 \alpha - 4 \cos^2 \beta - 4 \cos^2 \gamma) t + \cos^2 \alpha + \cos^2 \beta + \cos^2 \gamma - 2 \cos \alpha \...
- 171
0
votes
0
answers
71
views
Nearest integer to fractional power series
Let $k$ be a positive integer. Let
$$\displaystyle f_0(x) = a_n x^{\frac{n}{k}} + \cdots + a_1 x^{\frac{1}{k}} + a_0 + \sum_{h \geq 1} a_{-h} x^{-\frac{h}{k}}$$
be a Laurent series in the variable $x^{...
- 26.9k
8
votes
0
answers
103
views
Sobolev embedding theorems in vector bundles on non-compact manifolds
Let $(M,g)$ be a smooth (not necessarily compact) Riemannian $n$-manifold. It is well-known that dealing with Sobolev spaces in the general non-compact case becomes tricky, since for instance, there ...
- 1,429
1
vote
0
answers
44
views
Optimal transport and the geometry of singular measures on fractal Sets
Let $K$ be a self-similar fractal set in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with Hausdorff dimension $d < n$, equipped with a self-similar measure $\mu$ supported on $K$. Let $\mathcal{P}(K)$ denote the space of ...
- 11
7
votes
0
answers
312
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Did Lebesgue like non-measurable set or not?
I was surprised by the following paragraph in Bressoud's A radical approach to Lebesgue's theory of integration, quoted by Caicedo's in his comment to this question:
Vitali's nonmeasurable set, ...
- 865
3
votes
0
answers
45
views
Small deviation asymptotics for sub-gaussian diffusions in dirichlet spaces
Let $(X,d,\mu)$ be a metric measure space equipped with a strongly local, regular Dirichlet form $(\mathcal{E}, \mathcal{D}(\mathcal{E}))$ on $L^2(X,\mu)$. Assume that the associated heat kernel $p_t(...
2
votes
0
answers
65
views
Construct a differentiable function whose gradient has a prescribed modulus of continuity
$\newcommand{\bR}{\mathbb{R}}$
Let $\alpha := e^{-(1 + \sqrt{2})}$. We define the following modulus $\psi : \bR_+ \to \bR_+$ of continuity
$$
\psi (x) :=
\begin{cases}
0 &\text{if} \quad x =0 , \\
...
- 835
2
votes
0
answers
65
views
Generalized Fourier transforms associated to Schroedinger operators
Let $n\geq 1$. Let $q\in C^{\infty}_0(\mathbb R^n)$ be compactly supported and consider the operator $P= -\Delta+q(x)$ on $\mathbb R^n$. We will assume that $q$ is sufficiently small so that the ...
- 4,135
7
votes
0
answers
248
views
Proving this function is convex
Let $C$ be a symmetric positive definite matrix such that $0\leq c_{ij} \leq 1$, $c_{ii}=1$, and define $f$ as $$f(x)=\sum_{i}x_{i}\log(\sum_{j}c_{ij}x_{j})$$ for positive vectors $x$ (in fact let's ...
- 4,049
1
vote
0
answers
42
views
Approximation of the function $f(z)=z^2/|z|$ by $C^1$ immersions
Let $D$ denote the unit disk in $\mathbb C=\mathbb R^2$. We consider the function $f:D\rightarrow\mathbb C $ defined by $$f(z):=\frac{z^2}{|z|}.$$ Then as proved in Global invertibility (p324 Remark 4)...
- 435
5
votes
0
answers
190
views
Number of discrete Lipschitz functions with given Lipschitz constant
Fix $T, K, N \in \mathbb Z_+$. How many distinct Lipschitz functions $f: \{0, \dots, T\} \to \mathbb Z$ are there with Lipschitz constant $K$, and supremum norm at most $N$ satisfying $f(0) = 0$?
In ...
- 6,155
9
votes
1
answer
366
views
Can the canonical Eudoxus-real representatives be defined easily?
(See e.g. here for background on the Eudoxus reals, which motivates this question.)
Let $\mathcal{Z}=(\mathbb{Z};+,<)$. Say that a Eudoxus function is an $f:\mathbb{Z}\rightarrow\mathbb{Z}$ such ...
- 21.2k
0
votes
0
answers
101
views
A special Hamel basis and a special additive function
On mathstackexchange I recently
asked
whether for an irrational number $a$ a special Hamel basis of type $\bigcup_{i\in I}\{x_i,y_i,ay_i\}$ exists,
where $x_i, y_i$ and $ay_i$ are $\mathbb Q$-...
- 687
2
votes
1
answer
127
views
Density of smooth functions in weighted Sobolev space
Let $\rho(x)=e^{-\phi(x)}$, where $\phi$ is an even polynomial with positive leading coefficient. I am interested in a proof of the fact that the space of smooth compactly supported functions $\...
- 23
20
votes
1
answer
2k
views
How rich is the richest person in a society satisfying the Pareto principle?
The Pareto Principle roughly states that in many societies, the top 20% of people hold over 80% of the wealth. Suppose we had a society that satisfied this principle in every stratum of society - how ...
- 6,155
0
votes
0
answers
52
views
References on a variant of Geometric Calculus
Geometric algebra and (standard) calculus, when synthesized, give rise to geometric calculus, a very powerful formalism.
I have read a bit about fractional calculus and time-scale calculus, both very ...
user537376
0
votes
1
answer
128
views
Characterizing the integral as a function of $n$
Let $\alpha \in [0,3], \beta \geq 1, \lambda \geq 1$ and fix $n \in \mathbb{N}$. Consider the function $f(x;\alpha, \beta, \lambda) = x^{\alpha}\exp(-\lambda x^\beta)$. Let $I(n; \alpha,\beta,\lambda) ...
- 25
2
votes
0
answers
120
views
On mollifiers acting between $L^2$ and Sobolev spaces
(I'm reposting here this question from MSE as it didn't receive any answer for two weeks.)
Consider a sequence of finite lattices in $\mathbb{R}^n$ defined by
$$L_k= [-k,k]^n \cap 2^{-k}\cdot \mathbb{...
- 505
3
votes
1
answer
224
views
Extension of Sobolev function defined on unit cube
Im wondering about theorems concerning extending Sobolev functions defined on the $d$-dimensional unit cube to all of $\mathbb{R}^d$. More precisely, given $f:[0,1]^d \to \mathbb{R}$ with $f\in H^k([0,...
- 93