All Questions
4,447 questions with no upvoted or accepted answers
4
votes
0
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174
views
Superposition operator from Sobolev space to Lebesgue space
Let $\Omega$ be a bounded, connected set in $\mathbb{R}^2$ with smooth boundary. I am wondering under what conditions on the real function $f(x):\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ the superposition operator $F(...
- 395
4
votes
0
answers
67
views
Irreducible separators of compact manifolds
Definition. A closed subset $S$ of a topological space $X$ is called
$\bullet$ a separator of $X$ if $X\setminus S$ is disconnected;
$\bullet$ an irreducible separator if $S$ is a separator of $X$ ...
- 42k
4
votes
0
answers
279
views
Cyclic vectors for regular representations
I'm looking for references about the following aspect of cyclic vectors for regular representations.
Let $K$ be a compact Lie group. Let $K$ act on $L^2(K)$ by the left regular representation. Then $...
- 1,903
4
votes
0
answers
216
views
Is each metric continuum $\ell_p$-chain connected?
This problem was motivated by the MO problems:
"Running most of the time in a connected set", "Is every metric continuum almost path connected?" and "Are $\varepsilon$-connected components dense?".
...
- 42k
4
votes
0
answers
174
views
Constant in trace theorem for balls
Consider the standard open ball $B_r:=\left\{x ; \left\lvert x \right\rvert \le R \right\}.$
The trace theorem tells us any function in $W^{k,p}(B_r)$ can be restricted to a function $W^{k-1,p}(\...
user127450
4
votes
0
answers
344
views
Diffeomorphism group action on the space of embeddings
Let $S$ and $M$ be two finite-dimensional smooth manifolds with $\dim S\le \dim M$. Then it is known (e.g.Kriegl-Michor's book) that the set $\mathrm{Emb}(S, M)$ of all smooth embeddings $S\to M$ is ...
- 2,789
4
votes
0
answers
120
views
Representation on square integrable sections of a principal bundle
Let $X\rightarrow Y$ be a smooth principal $G$-bundle for some Lie group $G$. Then $L^2(X)$ has a natural $G$-action determined by fibrewise action of $G$ on $X$.
We have an abstract isomorphism of ...
- 1,903
4
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0
answers
264
views
Is the Gelfand transform strictly continuous?
Let $M$ be the Banach algebra of measures on the circle with $L_1$ naturally sitting as a closed ideal of $M$. Then $M$ carries the strict topology implemented by the family of seminorms $\|\mu\|_f = \...
- 113
4
votes
0
answers
162
views
Are sums extremal for subgaussian concentration?
Bobkov and Houdre https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.bj/1178291721
showed that among all $f:R^n\to R$ that are $1$-Lipschitz
with respect to the $\ell_1$ metric,
the variance is maximized by sums. ...
- 6,541
4
votes
0
answers
117
views
Does there exist a Banach space $E$ with $L(E)$ separable?
The title says it all. Does there exist a (separable, infinite-dimensional) Banach space $E$ with the normed space $L(E)$ of bounded, linear operators thereon separable?
- 102
4
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0
answers
154
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What is the generator of the heat semigroup on non-complete manifolds?
If $M$ is a complete Riemannian manifold, it possesses a unique self-adjoint positive operator $-\Delta$ on $L^2(M)$. If $M$ is not complete, though, it is known that the Laplace-Beltrami operator $-\...
- 5,407
4
votes
0
answers
255
views
Lower semi-continuity of integration
I've found many papers characterizing the weak lower semi-continuity of
$$
\Phi(u)\triangleq \int_{x \in \Omega} f(x,u(x))\,dx,
$$
on $L^2(\Omega)$ where $\Omega$ is a bounded subset of $\mathbb{R}^d$....
- 5,405
4
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0
answers
136
views
Davies' definition of elliptic operators in "Heat Kernels and Spectral Theory"
I am trying to find my way through Davies' book, and one of the difficult points is his choice of what "elliptic operator" means in his text. This is the first time that I encounter some of the ...
- 5,407
4
votes
0
answers
107
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Compact subspace of sober space
We know from lemma 1.2.5 in part C of Sketches of an Elephant (by Johnstone) that both open and closed subspaces of a sober space are again sober. This raises the following question.
Question: Is a ...
- 221
4
votes
0
answers
105
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Is the closure $\overline{ \{X \in \mathbb{R}^{m \times n} : \rho(M-NX) < 1\} }$ equal to $ \{X \in \mathbb{R}^{m \times n} : \rho(M-NX) \le 1\}$
I am not sure whether this question fits this forum (I will delete it if not appropriate here). But I asked this on MSE over a week ago with no answer and then put a bounty still got no answer. Here ...
- 195
4
votes
0
answers
115
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point-wise approximation of the identity in hereditary Lindelof spaces
Let $X$ be a topological vector space. Assume that there exists a sequence of finite range measurable functions $\phi_n:X\to X$ with $\lim\phi_n(x)=x$.
Q. Can we concluded that $X$ is hereditery ...
- 4,058
4
votes
0
answers
167
views
Is this property an isomorphic characterization of $\ell_1(\Gamma)$?
Let $\Gamma$ be an infinite set. Then every $(x_i)_{i\in\Gamma}\in \ell_1(\Gamma)$ has at most a countable number of components $x_i\neq 0$.
As a consequence, every separable subspace $M$ of $\ell_1(\...
- 4,461
4
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0
answers
143
views
A point concerning Fremlin's example on Borel sets in non-separable Banach spaces
Let $E$ be a Banach space. Let us consider the following three sigma algebras on $E$.
$~~~~\mathcal{B}$= The $\sigma$-algebra coming from the norm topology.
$~~\mathcal{M}$= The sigma algebra ...
- 4,058
4
votes
0
answers
131
views
Algebraic sum of relative commutants in a finite von Neumann algebra
Let $(M,\tau)$ be a finite von Neumann algebra with faithful normal tracial state $\tau$. Suppose that $A \subset M$ is a finite-dimensional abelian unital subalgebra--say $A = W^*(p_1,\dots, p_n)$ ...
4
votes
0
answers
322
views
Compactness of semigroups of one-dimensional diffusions
I have a question about semigroups of one-dimensional diffusions.
Let $X$ be the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process on $\mathbb{R}$. The generator is expresses as
$$\frac{d^2}{dx^2}-x\frac{d}{dx}.$$
It is ...
- 721
4
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0
answers
222
views
Set of subsequences with the same ultrafilter limit of the original sequence
Let $\mathscr{U}$ be a free ultrafilter on the positive integers $\mathbf{N}$ and fix $U \in \mathscr{U}$ such that $U$ is not cofinite (thanks J.D.Hamkins for the correction.)
Consider the natural ...
- 1,511
4
votes
0
answers
238
views
Does Novikov condition imply BMO martingale?
Let $(\Omega,\mathbb{F},P)$ be a complete probability space, equipped with a filtration $\mathcal{F}_t, 0 \le t < \infty$. Consider a continuous local martingale $(X_t, \mathcal{F}_t)$ such that $...
- 195
4
votes
0
answers
116
views
Is there a categorical foundation for manifolds of bounded geometry and bandlimited functions?
As an outsider to both, manifolds of bounded geometry and bandlimited functions appear rather connected: for example, bounded geometry is defined in terms of bounds on curvature and its derivatives, ...
- 3,612
4
votes
0
answers
198
views
Relationships between fractional Sobolev space, Bessel spacse and Hajłasz–Sobolev space
It is known that for $\alpha\in(0,1)$ and $p>1$,
the fractional Sobolev space $W^{\alpha,p}(R^n)$ is defined by
$$
W^{\alpha,p}(R^n):=\{f\in L^p(R^n):\int_{R^n}\int_{R^n}\frac{|f(x)-f(y)|^p}{|x-y|^...
- 411
4
votes
0
answers
211
views
Inclusion of Hardy spaces
It is well-known that any convergence in $L^p$ for $p \in [1,\infty]$ implies convergence in $L^1_{\text{loc}}$ by Hölder's inequality.
It is also known that for $p>1$ it holds that $L^p(\mathbb R)...
4
votes
0
answers
256
views
One-parameter unitary group preserving invariant domain of infinitesimal generator
Let $\mathcal{H}$ be a separable Hilbert space (e.g. $L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{d}))$, and let $\mathcal{D}_{1}\subset\mathcal{H}$ be a dense subspace (e.g. $\mathcal{S}(\mathbb{R}^{d})$). Suppose that an ...
- 873
4
votes
0
answers
195
views
A kind of 0-1 law?
Suppose that P is a Borel subset of Baire $\times$ Baire, such that for every pair $x,x'$ of reals in the horizontal copy of Baire,
if: $x,x'$ are $E_0$-equivalent (that is, $x(n)=y(n)$ for all but ...
- 2,281
4
votes
0
answers
120
views
Reductive Operator Problem
In the 1972 paper ''An equivalent Formulation of the Invariant Subspace Conjecture'' Dyer, Pedersen, and Porcelli announce the following result:
The Invariant Subspace Problem has a positive ...
- 355
4
votes
0
answers
79
views
Is $c(\mathcal M(X)) = c(X)$ for any first countable regular space?
G.M. Reed developed a construction technique which associates
a Moore space $\mathcal M(X)$ to each regular first-countable space $X$ such that $\mathcal M(X)$ is separable
(respectively, locally ...
- 621
4
votes
0
answers
113
views
Index of glued operator
Suppose $X_1$ is a manifold which has a tubular end $\mathbb R^+\times Y$, and $X_2$ is a manifold which has a tubular end $\mathbb R^-\times Y$. Here, $X_1,X_2$ are orientable manifolds and $Y$ is a ...
- 1,761
4
votes
0
answers
141
views
algebraic connectivity of a tree
Suppose that $T$ is a tree with $n$ vertices and $L$ is the Laplacian matrix of $T$ and $0=\mu_1 \leq \mu_2 \leq \cdots \leq \mu_n$ are laplacian eigenvalues.
I think the multiplicity of $\mu_2$ can ...
- 221
4
votes
0
answers
176
views
Distributional PDE solutions as topological linear duals of PDE solutions
Let
$$
P \;\colon\; \Gamma_\Sigma(E) \to \Gamma_\Sigma(\tilde E^\ast)
$$
be a formally self-adjoint hyperbolic linear differential operator ($\tilde E^\ast$ denotes the densitized dual of a ...
- 19.8k
4
votes
0
answers
102
views
Sub-quadratic Kolmogorov-Arnold?
The Kolmogorov-Arnold representation theorem says, essentially, that when computing a continuous function, the only multivariate function you really need is addition. (Somewhat) more precisely, it ...
- 3,979
4
votes
0
answers
100
views
A bounded operator associated with a principal bundle
Assume that $(X, B, G)$ is a $G$- principal bundle where $G$ is a compact topological or Lie group.
The normalized Haar measure of (each fiber of ) $X$ is denoted by $\mu$.
The space of continuos ...
- 356
4
votes
0
answers
125
views
Properties of solution to Schrödinger equation
Given a Schrödinger equation with, let's say continuous, periodic potential
$$-y''(x)+V(x)y(x)=\lambda y(x)$$
where $V(x+1)=V(x)$ and $V$ is even, i.e. for $x \in (0,\frac{1}{2})$ we have $V(x+\frac{...
- 501
4
votes
0
answers
133
views
Equivalence of Flat Fiber Bundles vs Equivalence of Group Actions on the Fiber
Let's consider all flat fiber bundles with base space $B$ and fiber $F$, where $B$ and $F$ are compact and at least CW-complexes. (perhaps even topological/smooth manifolds if that helps)
All those ...
- 404
4
votes
0
answers
86
views
When is the map $X^I \to X \times X$ open onto its image?
Here $X$ is a topological space, $I$ is the unit interval, $X^I$ is the function space and the map is evaluation at the end-points. According to the discussion at On the openness of the map X^I -> ...
- 431
4
votes
0
answers
84
views
Can a spectral projection fail to preserve a closed invariant subspace of its parent operator?
Let $X$ be a complex Banach space, and let $T:X\longrightarrow X$ be a bounded linear operator. Let $\sigma_1$ and $\sigma_2$ be disjoint compact subsets of $\mathbb{C}$ for which $\sigma_1\cup \...
- 778
4
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0
answers
164
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A modern reference for the "Intermediate Derivatives Theorem"
In the book Non-Homogeneous Boundary Value Problems and Applications I by Lions and Magenes, the Intermediate Derivative Theorem is stated as follows:
Intermediate Derivative Theorem: Let $X\subset ...
- 1,247
4
votes
0
answers
144
views
Embedding of $\ell_2$ in $L^p([0,1])$
Let $(g_n)_{n\geq 1}$ be a sequence of i.i.d. complex Gaussian random variables on $[0,1].$ Then it is easy to see that the map $j:\ell_2\to L^p([0,1])$ defined as $je_n=[E(g_n^p)]^{\frac{1}{p}}g_n,n\...
- 455
4
votes
0
answers
263
views
Approximately inner conditional expectations of $II_{1}$ factors
In many contexts it is helpful to think of conditional expectations as averages of unitary conjugates, a standpoint vindicated by many standard techniques in the theory of finite von Neumann algebras. ...
- 7,067
4
votes
0
answers
81
views
Amenable Banach algebras -- homological characterization
Recall from Theorem VII.2.19 of Helemskii's monograph "The homology of Banach and Topological Algebras" that amenability of a Banach algebra $A$ is equivalent to any of the conditions below:
(i) ...
- 375
4
votes
0
answers
311
views
Some elementary decay estimates of solutions to the heat equation
Preliminaries: Let $u$ be the solution of the Cauchy problem for the heat equation with initial datum $u_0 \in L^1 \cap L^p$. Then I know that the following estimates hold:
$$\Vert u(t,\cdot)\Vert_{L^...
- 303
4
votes
0
answers
349
views
Fractional integral inequality (Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev)
I am investigating the following integral
\begin{equation}
I^*(x) = \int_{\mathbb{R}} \frac{f(y) \ln |y-x| }{|y - x|^{\mu}} \, dy
\end{equation}
where $f \in L_p(\mathbb{R})$, $ 1 < p < q <...
4
votes
0
answers
92
views
Simultaneous representations of elements of projective tensor products
Let $E,F$ be Banach spaces and consider the projective tensor product $E \widehat\otimes F$. If $\tau \in E \widehat\otimes F$ with $\|\tau\|<1$ then by definition we can find $(x_n)\subseteq E$ ...
- 18.7k
4
votes
0
answers
70
views
Estimate the composition of a bounded multiplier with a trace class operator
Let $T$ be a trace class operator on $\ell^2 (\mathbb{N})$. Let $A$ be a multiplier on $\ell^2 (\mathbb{N})$ defined by a sequence $a=(a_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}$ in $\ell^{\infty} (\mathbb{N})$. That is, ...
- 151
4
votes
0
answers
184
views
Tensor product of bornological spaces and linear functionals
It is easy to see that the dual space of a bornological space $V$ (i.e. the space of bounded linear functionals) may be zero (just take any vector space with the power set as bornology). Hence in ...
- 9,853
4
votes
0
answers
89
views
How can I can derive an explicit bound for the solution of the poisson's PDE?
i need some help on this question
Let $\Omega$ be an open subset of $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ (say a square) with
$\partial{\Omega} =\Gamma_{1} \cup \Gamma_{2} \cup\Gamma_{3} \cup\Gamma_{4}$. A structure ...
- 41
4
votes
0
answers
585
views
Dual of the space of all bounded functions, $B(X, \mathbb{R}).$
Let $X$ be a non compact separable metric space. Denote
by $B(X, \mathbb{R})$ the set of all bounded real functions
endowed with the sup norm, this is a Banach space. Denote by
$C_b(X,\mathbb{R})\...
- 757
4
votes
0
answers
140
views
Is there any accepted single-word that means "partial function"?
When I'm explaining things involving partial functions, I usually end up stumbling over my words, like so: "Suppose $f : A \rightarrow B$ is a function, uhh, sorry I mean a partial function, and ...
- 3,793