All Questions
5,629 questions
2
votes
1
answer
207
views
Expectation of Truncated Bivariate Gaussian Random Variables
Suppose $Z , \epsilon \sim N(0, 1)$ are independent Gaussian random variables. Let $a \ll 1$ be a small positive number. Let $W = aZ + \epsilon$. It can be show that
\begin{align}
\mathbb{E} [ W^2 (Z^...
- 1,127
7
votes
0
answers
211
views
Increasing derivatives of recursively defined polynomials
Consider recursively defined polynomials $f_0(x)=x$ and $f_{n+1}(x)=f_n(x)−f_n'(x) x (1−x)$.
These polynomials have some special properties, for example $f_n(0)=0$, $f_n(1)=1$, and all $n+1$ roots of ...
- 225
1
vote
1
answer
1k
views
Intermediate value property and continuity
We say that a function $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ has the intermediate value property (ivp) if for $a<b$ in $\mathbb{R}$ we have $$f([a,b]) \supseteq [\min\{f(a),f(b)\}, \max\{f(a), f(b)\}].$$
The ...
- 48.9k
3
votes
0
answers
848
views
Does a bounded convex domain has one smooth boundary point?
In the study of analysis and geometry of a bounded domain, its boundary regularity is important. For example, it is known that a bounded convex domain has Lipschitz bounday. This implies that a ...
- 285
4
votes
2
answers
588
views
How to prove this inequality or give a more accurate bound?
How can we prove this inequality or give a more accurate bound?
$$
1 + x + \frac{{{x^2}}}{{2!}} + ....... + \frac{{{x^n}}}{{n!}} > \frac{{{e^x}}}{2}，x \in [0,n]\
$$
I came across the equation:
$$
...
- 225
2
votes
2
answers
233
views
Is the domain of symmetric derivative borel set?
Let $\mu$ be the $n$-dimensional Lebesgue measure and $\lambda$ be a complex Borel measure on $\mathbb{R}^n$.
Let $S$ be the set of points $x\in \mathbb{R}^n$ where $\lim_{r\to 0} \frac{\lambda (B(x,...
- 337
20
votes
3
answers
1k
views
mixing convex and concave for convexity
Let $n\in\mathbb{N}$ and $0<x<1$ be a real number. Is the following a convex function of $x$?
$$G_n(x)=\log\left(\frac{(1+x^{4n+1})(1+x^{4n-1})(1+x^{2n})(1-x^{2n+1})}{(1+x^{2n+1})(1-x^{2n+2})}\...
- 43.2k
0
votes
1
answer
126
views
Comparing tails of polynomial functions
Suppose that $P(x) = a_m x^m + \dots + a_0$ and $Q(x) = b_n x^n + \dots + b_0$ are two polynomials, with $m > n > 1$ and $a_m > b_n > 0$. Suppose that $P$ has $m$ distinct real roots $y_1&...
- 225
4
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Indefinite integral of squared hypergeometric function
I am trying to compute the indefinite integral
$$
\int_0^u {}_2F_1\left(\frac{1}{4},\frac{5}{4},2,1-v^2\right)^2 dv
$$
for $0<u<1$. Using Clausen's formula for the square of the hypergeometric ...
- 165
1
vote
1
answer
1k
views
About covariance operators for probability distributions on a function space
Feel free to restrict the function space to a Hilbert space or to a RKHS. Given a probability distribution on it when can we define a ``covariance operator" for it and when would it also have a well-...
- 2,246
12
votes
1
answer
520
views
Can $C^1$ mappings with derivative of low rank be approximated by smooth maps?
Asked once on SE-mathematics.
Let $U$ be an open subset in $\mathbb{R}^n$, $m\in\mathbb{N}$, $1\leq m<n$ and let
$$\mathcal{C}^k_{\leq m}(U,\mathbb{R}^n):=\lbrace g\in\mathcal{C}^k(U,\mathbb{R}^n)\...
- 123
3
votes
1
answer
290
views
Fluctuating constants
Let $p_k$ be the $k$-th prime number, $\gamma$ be the Euler-Mascheroni constant and $M$ be the Meissel–Mertens and let $m$ be the integer part of $\log p_n$. We can show that
$$
\sum_{r=1}^{m} \frac{...
- 5,470
4
votes
1
answer
370
views
Convergence of a series
Let $F(z)=\displaystyle \sum_{k=0}^\infty a_kz^k,\;|z|<R $ and $F(R)=\displaystyle \sum_{k=0}^\infty a_kR^k$ (the series converges).
Assume that $F(\alpha_j)=0,\;j=1,2,\dots ,m$, where all $|\...
- 783
-1
votes
1
answer
227
views
Solving the integral identity $ \int_{a}^{b} f(x)dx = \int_{a}^{b} f(x)g(x)dx. $ [closed]
We know that 0 is the additive identity and 1 is the multiplicative identity. In the same spirit let us define the integral identity as follows.
Definition: Let $f(x)$ be integrable in $(a,b)$. If ...
- 5,470
3
votes
1
answer
201
views
Seeking a property about Lebesgue-Stieltjes outer measure
I am a graduate student and this is not something related to my work but I was just wondering and did not find an answer on the Internet. I asked this on the other math site two weeks ago and no one ...
- 131
3
votes
0
answers
198
views
Characterizing rational functions on $\mathbb{Q}$ in terms of smooth extensions to $\mathbb{R}$ and $\mathbb{Q}_p$
Consider a function $f$ from a cofinite subset of $\mathbb{Q}$ to $\mathbb{Q}$. As established here and here $f$ extending to a smooth function on a cofinite subset of $\mathbb{R}$ is not sufficient ...
- 13.1k
0
votes
1
answer
629
views
Fourier Transform of sub-Gaussian distributions
The high level question is: Just as the Fourier transform of a Gaussian is a Gaussian, is the Fourier Transform of a sub-Gaussian also a sub-Gaussian?
Let $x \in \mathbf{R}^n$ denote some sub-...
- 445
5
votes
1
answer
337
views
Hadwiger-Nelson problem for $\ell^\infty$
Let $G=(V, E)$ be the following graph:
$V=\ell^\infty = $ set of bounded real sequences, with the norm $$\|x\|_\infty = \sup_{n\in\mathbb{N}}|x_n|,$$
$E = \big\{\{x,y\}: x,y\in \ell^\infty \text{ and ...
- 48.9k
2
votes
1
answer
255
views
A lower estimate of the derivative of a distance function
I have a question about the derivative of a distance function.
Let $D \subset \mathbb{R}^{d}$ be a connected and unbounded open subset with smooth boundary. $B(z,r)$ denotes the closed (not open) ...
- 721
4
votes
2
answers
243
views
Summability of iterates of analytic function
This question, although appearing deceptively easy, has resisted many attacks against it. The question, being simple to state, is something rather non-trivial that is rather crucial towards more ...
user78249
1
vote
1
answer
2k
views
On the derivative of a distance function
I have a question about the derivative of a distance function.
Let $D \subset \mathbb{R}^{d}$ be a connected and unbounded open subset with smooth boundary. $B(z,r)$ denotes the open ball of radius $...
- 721
4
votes
1
answer
222
views
Is every regular Borel outer measure topologically additive?
If $m$ is a regular Borel outer measure is it true that $m$ is topologically additive?
If so what is a proof or a counterexample?
Definitions:
Topologically Additive: $X$ is a topological space, $m$ ...
- 41
3
votes
1
answer
670
views
A specific mollified functions in the Sobolev space H^1(R)
Let $u>0$ be in $H^{1}(\mathbb{R})=W^{1,2}(\mathbb{R})$, we know that the set of $C^{\infty}$ functions with compact support are dense in the Sobolev space $H^{1}(\mathbb{R})$. Hence, we have a ...
- 31
1
vote
1
answer
100
views
Can this equality hold for a nonzero $b$?
Please may you kindly assist me on this integration exercise: For real $a, b$ with $a \neq 0$, consider the equality
$$\int_1^\infty f(x)\sin(a\log \sqrt x)x^b \mathrm{d}x = \int_1^\infty f(x)\sin(a\...
- 19
2
votes
1
answer
349
views
Polynomial with subset of critical points and values prescribed
Motivated by this question I wish to pose the following question:
Given $k$ points $(x_1, y_1), \ldots (x_k, y_k)$ with (WLOG) $x_i < x_{i+1}$, can we find a polynomial $p(x)\in\Bbb R[x]$ ...
- 1,049
1
vote
1
answer
133
views
Every $W^{1,p}$ has a representative in ACL
Let $\Omega:=(0,1)^n$ and define $ACL_i(\Omega)$ as the set of all Borel functions $u:\Omega\to\mathbb{R}$ such that
$$ t\mapsto u(x_1,\dots,x_{i-1},t,x_{i+1},\dots,x_n) $$
is $AC$ for a.e. $(x_1,\...
- 3,146
2
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Doubling metrics, doubling measures, Lebesgue density
As stated in this question,
Lebesgue differentiation theorem holds on locally doubling space?
and proved here,
http://www.math.uiuc.edu/~tyson/595f15lecture2.pdf
the Lebesgue differentiation theorem (...
- 6,541
2
votes
1
answer
887
views
A uniform Lebesgue density theorem
The Lebesgue density theorem in $\mathbb{R}^n$ may be stated as follows. For a Lebesgue-measurable $A\subseteq\mathbb{R}$ and $r>0, x\in\mathbb{R}^n$, define
$$ \chi_{A,r}(x)=\frac{\mu(A\cap B_r(x))...
- 6,541
0
votes
1
answer
160
views
Global Poincaré type estimate
For simplicity let us assume we are considering $\mathbb{R}^3$. Let us define the weighted Sobolev norm $\| u \|^2_{L^2_{\alpha}}= \int_{\mathbb{R}^3} |u|^2 \langle x\rangle^{\alpha}$ where $\langle x ...
- 4,115
2
votes
0
answers
81
views
Convolution of decaying polynomials [closed]
I conjecture that if the functions $f$, $g$ defined on $\mathbb{R}^n$ satisfying
$$|f(x)| ≤ A(1+|x|)^{−M}, \quad |g(x)| ≤ B(1+|x|)^{−N}$$for some
$M$, $N > n$, then$$|(f * g)(x)| ≤ ABC(1+|x|)^{−L},$...
- 355
1
vote
0
answers
117
views
The eigenfunction of modified $1$-laplace equation?
Let $\Omega\subset \mathbb R^2$ be open bounded with smooth boundary. It is well known that the laplace equation
$$
-\Delta u=0
$$
has a set of eigenvalues $0<\lambda_1<\lambda_2\leq\lambda_3<...
- 679
15
votes
1
answer
602
views
Integrability property of polynomials in several variables
This might be very trivial, or not.
Let $p\colon\mathbb{R}^n\to \mathbb{R}$ be a polynomial of even degree, at most $n-2$. Assume that $p(x)\leq 0$ for any $x\in\mathbb{R}^n$. Assume that there ...
- 151
1
vote
0
answers
161
views
level sets portrait near a critical point
Let $f:\mathbb{R}^{2}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ be a smooth ($C^{\infty}$) function and $O$ be an
isolated critical point of $f$. I am looking at the local level sets diagram
near $O$ from topological ...
- 45
2
votes
1
answer
389
views
An irresistible inequality
The following occurred while working on some research project. Since the methods of proof I used were lengthy, I wish to see a skillful or insightful approach (perhaps even conceptual). Anyhow, here ...
- 43.2k
5
votes
0
answers
116
views
For $f$ a polynomial, does strict convexity of $\log f(e^s)$ imply that the second derviative of $\log f(e^s)$ has no zeros?
Let $f(t)$ be a monic real polynomial such that $f(t) > 0$ for all $t \ge 0$. Suppose that $\log f(e^x)$ is strictly convex on $\mathbb{R}$, i.e.
$f(s^2) \cdot f(t^2) > f(st)^2$
for all $s, t \...
user94803
2
votes
0
answers
254
views
Prove this function is increasing
I'm stuck in showing that the following function is increasing over the domain $\left[0,\hat{b}\right]$:
\begin{eqnarray}
\Pi\left(z\right) & = & \int_{0}^{\phi\left(z\right)}\int_{x}^{\bar{x}...
- 21
2
votes
0
answers
110
views
If $f_j\to f$ in $L^1(\Bbb R^n)$ then $Tf_j\to Tf$ in $L^{1,\infty}(\Bbb R^n)$
Let's define $A:=\{f\in L^1(\Bbb R^n)\cap L^2(\Bbb R^n)\;:\;f\;\mbox{has compact support}\}$. So $A$ is dense in $L^1(\Bbb R^n)$.
Given then $f\in L^1(\Bbb R^n)$; by density there exists $\{f_j\}_j\...
user76025
2
votes
1
answer
113
views
estimation of a vector-function
Let $x(t)\in C^1(\mathbb{R}_+,\mathbb{R}^m)$ be a vector-function such that
1) $\|x(t)\|+\|\dot x(t)\|\to 0$ as $t\to\infty$ and
2) for some real $c_1>0$ and all $t>0$ one has $\|x(t)\|\le c_1\...
- 21
1
vote
0
answers
197
views
A certain measure on Banach algebras
According to the comments of Nate Eldredge I did revise the question. In particular I change "$C^{*}$ algebras" to "Banach algebras".
Is there a reference who introduce the following measure on ...
- 366
1
vote
0
answers
71
views
The jump set of $SBV$ function for different value of parameter in image denoising problem
The classical Mumford-Shah image denoisng problem study the minimizer of the following functional, for each $\alpha>0$ where $\Omega\subset \mathbb R^2$ is open bounded with sommth boundary,
$$
u_\...
- 679
4
votes
2
answers
436
views
Variation of Radon transform for probability measures on $\mathbb C$
Let $\mu$ be a probability measure on $\mathbb C$. For $z \in \mathbb C$, let $$f^z \colon \mathbb C \to \mathbb R_{\geq 0}$$ be the function $f^z(\lambda) = |\lambda - z|$. Consider now the family $(\...
- 25.5k
2
votes
0
answers
86
views
I have an embedding $\iota$ between two Hilbert spaces and want to know if $\iota\iota^\ast$ is something simple like an orthogonal projection
I'm reading A Concise Course on Stochastic Partial Differential Equations. In Proposition 2.5.2 the authors define the notion of a cylindrical $Q$-Wiener process $W$. It turns out that $W$ is just a $...
user74319
9
votes
1
answer
966
views
A question about composition of functions
Recently, I heard this question: are there two functions $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ and $g:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ such that $f\circ g$ is strictly increasing on $\mathbb{R}$ and $g\circ f$ is ...
- 343
1
vote
0
answers
111
views
Can we always extract a proper Hausdorff measurable subset from a Hausdorff measurable set?
I also put this question on MSE here
Let $\Gamma\subset \Omega\subset \mathbb R^N$ be such that $\mathcal H^{N-1}(\Gamma)<+\infty$ (this also implise that $\Gamma$ is Hausdorff measurable).
Let $\...
- 679
2
votes
1
answer
266
views
characterization of normality by selection theorem
The Urysohn's extension theorem states that a space $X$ is normal iff every continuous function $f:A \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$, with $A$ a closed subset of $X$, can be extended to a continuous function $...
- 121
2
votes
1
answer
228
views
Convergence of Discrete Geodesic
Let $M$ be a Riemmanian manifold, $p\in M$ and $V\in T_p(M)$.
Suppose $f^{-1}:U_p \mapsto U$ is a diffeomorphism of a neighborhood of p to an open subset of $\mathbb{R}$ and define the sequence:
\...
- 5,405
2
votes
0
answers
55
views
Does there exist $\lambda_{\sigma(1)}$ such that $\mu(A\cap\{\lambda_{\sigma(1)}\neq0\})>0$?
Let $(\mathcal F,\Omega,\mu)$ be a measure space and $A\subseteq\Omega$ such that $\mu(A)>0$. Let $L^0$ be the space of all measurable functions.
We say $X_1,\ldots,X_k\in(L^0)^d=\prod_{k=1}^dL^0$...
- 85
5
votes
1
answer
308
views
Density of convolution
Let $\{X_i\}$ be i.i.d random variables uniform on a measurable, symmetric set $A$ contained in $[-1,1]$. Let $g_{n}$ be density of $X_1+\ldots + X_n$.
Question (general): Is there any non-trivial ...
- 1,491
1
vote
1
answer
115
views
Well-definedness for a singular integral
Let $T_\alpha$ be a singular integral operator defined by
$$
T_{\alpha}[f](t):=\int_{0}^{t}\frac{f(t)-f(s)}{(t-s)^{\alpha+1}}ds
$$
for continuous functions $f$ on $[0,\infty)$ and $0<\alpha<1$.
...
- 201
2
votes
2
answers
636
views
Continuous upper envelope of upper semicontinuous function
Let $u$ be a upper semicontinuous function on a compact set $K$ in $\mathbb R^d$. Define a space of continuous function dominating $u$ by
$$A = \{\phi \in C(K): \phi \ge u\}.$$
[Q.] Is the following ...
- 1,399