All Questions
3,630 questions with no upvoted or accepted answers
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Weak derivative under the integral sign
Let $\Omega$ be a bounded and regular open subset $\Omega$ of $\mathbb{R}^N$ and $u:[0,\infty)\times \Omega\to \mathbb{R}$ be a smooth function (for example a smooth solution to a PDE). Thus the ...
- 161
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52
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Asymptotically periodic potentials
Who came up with the idea of solving elliptic equations with periodic potentials and from there solving elliptic equations with asymptotically periodic potentials?
- 69
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65
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Reference - measures in $\smash{\dot{H}}^{-1}$ have zero mean
The following fact seems to be well-known and easy to prove: Let $\sigma$ be a Borel measure on a Borel set $\Omega \subseteq \mathbb{R}^d$, then
$$\|\sigma \|_{\smash{\dot{H}}^{-1}}:\,=\sup\limits_{\|...
- 3,574
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53
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Spectrum of a $1$-parameter family of symmetric linear operators
I am working with certain submanifolds of symmetric spaces and, using a construction in Terng-Thorbergson, we ended up in the following Hilbert space problem:
Let $H$ be a (real) Hilbert Space and $...
- 163
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151
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Spectrum of a differential operator on $L^2(0, \infty)$
Let $A:H^n(0, \infty) \subset L^2(0, \infty) \to L^2(0, \infty)$ be the differential operator defined by
$$Af:= \sum_{j=0}^na_j f^{(j)}$$
for all $f \in H^n(0, \infty),$ where $a_j \in \mathbb{C}$ and ...
- 229
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245
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Why does this PDE have a solution?
Let $\Sigma$ be a compact surface and denote by $\nu$ the unit conormal for $\partial \Sigma$. Let
$$E = \left\{ \phi \in C^{2,\alpha}(\Sigma) : \int_{\Sigma} \phi \, \mathrm{d}A = 0 \right\} $$
and
$$...
- 2,095
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186
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What imaginations of Lebesgue spaces or other Banach spaces do people intuitively share?
At several occasions I heared people discussing about the „colors“ of Lebesgue spaces $L^p$: $L^2$ is red, $L^1$ is white, $L^\infty$ is black, and the other $L^p$ are blue or violett. Of course this ...
- 101
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67
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Angle between Fleming-Viot type 3-particle system
Consider $(X^1,X^2,X^3)\in (0,\infty)^3$ with each particle starting at $1$ and moving independently according to Brownian motion until random time $\tau_1:=\min \lbrace t>0: X_{t-}^1\wedge X_{t-}^...
- 284
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138
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About an argument in the paper "Commutators on $\ell_\infty$" by Dosev and Johnson
In the paper "Commutators on $\ell_\infty$" by Dosev and Johnson, in Lemma 4.2 Cas II, the authors have said that "There exists a normalized bock basis $\{u_i\}$ of $\{x_i\}$ and a normalized block ...
- 1,879
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48
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Integrability condition on function determining PDE domain
I'm currently looking through the following paper which examines some dynamics of the Airy$_2$ process: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1106.2717.pdf
On page 2, there appears a PDE of the form
$\partial_t u +...
- 123
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254
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When is the weak topology generated by a family of functions Baire?
Suppose we are given a locally compact space $X$ with $C_b(X)$ denoting the continuous bounded complex or real functions on $X$.
Now, if $A\subset C_b(X)$ is given, I am trying to figure out when the ...
- 173
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62
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Wellposedness of semilinear wave equation with discontinuous source
Where can I find existence and uniqueness results for semilinear wave equations with discontinuous, i.e.
$$\partial^2_{tt} u - \Delta u = f(u), \quad t >0, \ x \in \Omega$$ where $f$ is ...
- 277
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86
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Does there exist a bounded analytic function majorated by a given one?
Let $f$ be an element of the Hardy space $H^2$, i.e. $f$ is an analytic function on the unit disk such that $\sum|a_n|^2<\infty$, where $f(z)=\sum a_n z^n$. Assume also that $f\not\equiv 0$.
Is ...
- 5,529
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The tower of path algebras associated to a tower of finite dimensional $C^*$-algebras is isomorphic to the original tower
Let $A_0\subseteq A_1\subseteq...$ be an infinite tower of unital inclusions of finite dimensional $C^*$-algebras and $B_0\subseteq B_1\subseteq ...$ be its associated infinite tower of path algebras. ...
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Is there an easy characterisation (perhaps some generalised Löwner representation) for operator monotone functions of order $n$?
As per my understanding, roughly stated, $f$ is an operator monotone function of order $n$ if for all $n\times n$ (Hermitian) matrices, $X,Y\ge0$ which satisfy $X\ge Y$, we have $f(X)\ge f(Y)$.
If $f$...
- 131
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66
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Strong Differentiability of Spectral Projections
Let $H$ be a Hilbert space and $W$ be a dense subspace, equipped with a different norm that turns it into a Hilbert space. Let $(A(t))_{t\in[0,T]}$ be a family of Operators in $B(W,H)$ (bounded ...
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43
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Convergence of regression coefficients to probability density
By simulation we create a vector $Y = (y_1,y_2,...,y_n)$, where each $y_i \in R$ is independently drawn from a given non-degenerate distribution.
Next we create by simulation a vector $\xi = (\xi_1,\...
- 111
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123
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Is this integral zero?
I'd like to know if one integral expression I have can be shown to be zero for all possible cases. Let me introduce some notation.
Consider $\mathfrak{g}=C^{\infty}(M)$ and the dual $\mathfrak{g}^*=\...
- 327
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75
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Derivation of the vortex filament equation from Euler equation
How can the vortex filament equation
$$\partial_t \chi = \partial_s \chi \wedge \partial_{ss} \chi,$$
where $\chi(t,s)$ is a curve in $\mathbb R^3$,
be derived from the Euler equation
$$\partial_t \...
- 277
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87
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Global solution of nonlinear Schrödinger equation via blow-up argument
Set $u_0\in H^1 (\mathbb{R} ^N)$ and $1<\alpha < \frac{N+2}{N-2}$.
I want to show that there exists $\varepsilon > 0$ s.t. if $\Vert u _0 \Vert _ {H^1} < \varepsilon$,
then there is ...
- 383
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43
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Showing there exists a solution to a variational inequality
I'm working through a book that provides the following exercise which I'm having trouble with. They cite this paper which I can't find (and even if I could, I can't read italian).
The problem:
Let ...
- 427
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57
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A linear first order PDE with boundary condition
I want to solve the following first order PDE
$$
(\star)\quad\begin{cases}
\nabla u\cdot \nabla\xi=f \quad\text{in}\,\Omega, \\
u\mid_{\partial \Omega}=0
\end{cases}
$$
where $\xi\in C^2(\overline{\...
- 407
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152
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Is the normalized derivative of a holomorphic function Sobolev?
This question is a cross-post from MSE. it is also a special case of this question.
Let $B=\{z\in \mathbb C \,|\,|z|\le 1\}$, and let $f:B \to \mathbb{C}$ be holomorphic on the interior $B^o$, and ...
- 6,741
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103
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Choosing the weight in a particular definition of Besov spaces
Following Giovanni Leoni's excellent book (or the Wikipedia article) one possible way to define the Besov spaces $B^{s,p,\theta}(\mathbb R ^d)$, with $s\in(0,1)$ the fractional "order of derivative" ...
- 5,380
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100
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Weak estimate for difference quotient of BV function
In an answer to the question Weak Lebesgue spaces and an estimate for BV functions it was remarked that if $u\in BV(\mathbb R^N)$ then there exists a Lebesgue negligible set $F \subset \mathbb R^N$ ...
- 839
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87
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An oscillatory integral estimate
Let $n \geq 3$ and consider two sequences of strictly monotone functions $\{\mu_l(t)\}_{l=1}^{n}$ and $\{\lambda_l(t)\}_{l=1}^n$ on the interval $[-1,1]$ with $\mu_l(0)=0$ and $\lambda_l(0)=1$ for all ...
- 4,153
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88
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If $u$ is $BV$ then $\operatorname{curl} Du = 0$ in the sense of distributions
Let $u\in BV(\mathbb{R}^N; \mathbb{R}^M)$. How does one prove that $$\operatorname{curl} Du = 0$$ holds in the sense of distributions?
- 839
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Consistency of the definition of total variation for functions of one or several variables
Where can I find a proof that the definition of total variation for functions of several variables is consistent with the definition of total variation for functions of one variable?
- 839
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107
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Level sets of a BV function and its derivative
Given $u \in BV(\Omega; \mathbb{R}^M)$, where $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^N$, what is the relationship between its level sets and its distributional derivative $Db$?
More specifically, does Alberti ...
- 839
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78
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Inequality for fractional power norm (sectorial operators)
How could we prove following inequality:
$\int\limits_{0}^{l} u^{3}(x) dx \leq \sqrt{l} \cdot|| u||_{\frac{1}{2}}^{3}$
where
$ || u ||_{\frac{1}{2}} = ||A^{\frac{1}{2}}(u)||_{L^{2}} + || u ||_{L^{...
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Alberti rank-one theorem and reduction of the study of BV function to the two-dimensional case
By Alberti rank-one theorem, could it be possible to reduce the study of a function $u \in BV(\mathbb{R}^N, \mathbb{R}^N)$ to the study of a function $\tilde{u} \in BV(\mathbb{R}^2, \mathbb{R}^2)$? At ...
user123457
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Higher order estimate under trigonometric basis in non-periodic case?
The following higher order estimate for periodic Sobolev function $ f \in H_\text{per}^r(0,2\pi) $ is a really practical result in numerical analysis.
Let $ P_n : L^2 ( 0, 2\pi ) \longrightarrow ...
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181
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A characterization for periodic Sobolev set?
Notations:
$
H_{per}^s(0,2\pi):= \{f \in L^2(0,2\pi): \sum_{n \in \mathbb{Z}} (1+n^2)^s \vert \hat f(n) \vert^2 < +\infty \}
$,
$
H_{per}^{\infty}(0,2\pi):= \bigcap_{s>0} H_{per}^s(0,2\pi)
$,...
- 269
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142
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Affine algebraic variety as a set of common zeroes of holomorphic functions on ${\mathbb C}^n$
Let $V$ be an affine algebraic variety in ${\mathbb C}^n$, i.e. a set of common zeroes of some set $S$ of polynomials on ${\mathbb C}^n$:
$$
V=\{z\in {\mathbb C}^n:\ \forall p\in S\quad p(z)=0\}.
$$
...
- 7,426
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56
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About a class of expectations
Consider being given a $n-$dimensional random vector with a distribution ${\cal D}$, vectors $a \in \mathbb{R}^k$, $\{ b_i \in \mathbb{R}^n \}_{i=1}^k$ and non-linear Lipschitz functions, $f_1,f_2 : \...
- 2,246
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277
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Adjoint for a non-densely defined unbounded operator on a Hilbert space
Let $\mathbf{H}$ be a Hilbert space, and $D$ an unbounded densely-defined operator on $\mathbf{H}$. As is well-known, every such operator admits an adjoint, with domain possibly different from that ...
- 993
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184
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One question about Schrodinger Semigroups-(B. Simon)
This question comes from the paper: B. Simon, Schrodinger Semigroups, Bull. A.M.S., (1982) Vol. 7 (3).
On the Theorem C.3.4(subsolution estimate) of the paper, it says that: Let $Hu=Eu$ and $u\in L^...
- 1,915
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263
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Norm closure of $C_b^1(\mathbb{R})$
I want to determine what the closure of $C_b^1(\mathbb{R})$, the space of continuous differentiable functions with bounded derivative, with respect to the supremums norm is. I think that $\overline{...
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54
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When does the multi-spectral radius coincide with the spectral radius of the sum of linear transformations?
Suppose that $X$ is a finite dimensional Hilbert space and
$A_{1},\dots,A_{r}:X\rightarrow X$ are linear transformations. Define the multi-spectral radius $\rho(A_{1},\dots,A_{r})$ to be
$$\limsup_{n\...
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198
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Sobolev embedding in complete manifold
Let $(M,g)$ be a complete Riemannian $m$-manifold, with bounded geometry and $m\geq2$. Suppose that $(M,g)$ admits a bounded geometry.
Q Can we show that for $k-\frac{m}{p}\geq l-\frac{m}{q}$, we ...
- 1,915
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Coboundary in the slow mixing systems
Given dynamical system $(X, T, \mu)$, $\mu$ is probability, $\mu \circ T =\mu$, $T$'s transfer operator $P$ is defined by following relation: $\int (P a) \cdot b d\mu= \int a \cdot (b \circ T) d\mu$ ...
- 553
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0
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64
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Regularity of superposition operator generated by function between Banach spaces
Let $E$, $F$ be Banach spaces, $D$ be open in $E$, and $K=[0,1]$. Given $\varphi\colon K\times D\to F$ I call
$$
\varphi^\sharp\colon D^K\to F^K,\quad u\mapsto \varphi(\cdot,u(\cdot))
$$
the ...
- 121
1
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127
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Gradient bound for the Markov semigroup generated by the solution to an Langevin SDE
Let
$h\in C^2(\mathbb R)$ with $$h''\ge\rho\tag1$$ for some $\rho>0$ and $$\int\underbrace{e^{-h}}_{=:\:\varrho}\:{\rm d}\lambda=1$$
$\mu$ be the measure with density $\varrho$ with respect to the ...
- 167
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56
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Monotonicity of the norms on the sequence spaces 2
This is a complement of my previous question about the sequence spaces (I'm afraid, there will be a third part).
Let $\rho:[0,+\infty)^{\mathbb{N}}\to[0,+\infty] $ satisfy the following properties:
$...
- 5,529
1
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0
answers
36
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Closable operator on noncompact manifold
Let $M$ be a non-compact complete manifold. Suppose that $L$ is an elliptic operator, e.g. Schrodigner operator.
We know that if the domain of the adjoint $L^*$ is dense in $L^2$, we have that $L$ ...
- 1,915
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0
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166
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Why is $\widetilde{W}$ closed?
We consider $(x _{n})$ a sequence of almost fixed points for $T$ in $C _{0}$. Since $C _{0}$ is weakly compact, we can assume that $(x _{n})$ is weak compact. Also, since the problem of the fixed ...
- 23
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0
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97
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Limit of sequence of vectors in $\ell^2$ with coefficients approaching $0$
Let $\{v_m\}_{m \in \mathbb{N}} \subset \ell^2$ be a sequence in $\ell^2$ over the complex plane $\mathbb{C}$ such that: $\{v_m\}_{m \in \mathbb{N}}$ is linearly independend and $v_m \to v$
Let $V= \...
- 433
1
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0
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97
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Fredholm integral equation of third kind
Let us consider the following integral equation
$$a(x)u(x) + \int\limits_0^2 {K(s,x)u(s)ds} = f(x)$$
Let f in $L^p(0,1)$ for some $p \in [1,\infty]$ and let $K \in L^q((0,2) \times (0,1))$. Assume ...
- 617
1
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0
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177
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Singular integral of the composition of the Hilbert transform and fractional Laplacian
Given $0<s<1$, we can define the Fractional Laplacian by
$$\Lambda^{-s}f(x):=(-\Delta)^{-s/2}(x)=\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}|x-y|^{-1+s}f(y)dy$$
or by means of Fourier transform as $$\widehat{\...
- 111
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0
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80
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Can the Sobolev Inequalities be derived from the Weighted Hardy Inequality, or vice versa?
Here, for the weighted version of the Hardy Inequality, I refer to Muckenhoupt's formulation in Theorem 1 of 1
Sobolev Inequality: $$C_d \int_{\mathbb{R}^d} \vert \nabla \phi \vert^2 \geq \left( \...
- 93