Questions tagged [ap.analysis-of-pdes]
Partial differential equations (PDEs): Existence and uniqueness, regularity, boundary conditions, linear and non-linear operators, stability, soliton theory, integrable PDEs, conservation laws, qualitative dynamics.
4,466 questions
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The Beltrami equation and Neumann series
Let $\mu: \mathbb{C} \to D(0,1).$ A quasiconformal map is a $W^{1}_{2,loc}-$solution to the Beltrami equation $\bar{\partial}f = \mu \partial f$. In this paper, the authors remark that one can ...
4
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0
answers
136
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Zygmund class, Schwartz class and Littlewood-Paley projection operators
I'm studying Littlewood-Paley theory in harmonic analysis, where I encountered the following problem related to the Zygmund class of functions:
Consider the Zygmund class of functions defined as ...
5
votes
0
answers
140
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Measure of the boundary of an BV-extension domain: do we have $|\nabla Eu|(\partial \Omega)=0?$
Let $\Omega\subset \Bbb R^d$ be open. The space $BV(\Omega)$ consists in functions $u\in L^1(\Omega)$ with bounded variation, i.e. $|u|_{BV(\Omega) }<\infty$ where
\begin{align}\label{eq:bounded-...
2
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0
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728
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Proof of the link between the Fokker–Planck equation and SDE?
I know the link between the Fokker–Planck equation and SDE given by the Feynman-Kac theorem is as follow:
$$d X_{t}=\mu\left(X_{t}, t\right) d t+\sigma\left(X_{t}, t\right) d W_{t}$$
$$\frac{\partial}{...
5
votes
1
answer
359
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Recovering the nonlinear Schrödinger equation from its Lax pair
My question is less concerned with the physical aspects of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation and more with the mathematical mechanics of using a Lax pair.
I am considering how to recover the ...
7
votes
1
answer
281
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Existence of harmonic maps onto the $n$-sphere
Let $(M^n,g)$ be a closed smooth Riemannian $n$-manifold with positive scalar curvature (or positive Ricci curvature) and $(S^n, g_{st})$ be the standard round $n$-sphere.
Whether there exists a non-...
6
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1
answer
182
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Mittag-Leffler function
Let the Mittaq-Leffler function be defined by the expression
$$ E_{\mu,\nu}(z) = \sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \frac{z^k}{\Gamma(k\mu+\nu)}\quad \text{$\mu>0$ and $\nu\in \mathbb R$}$$
Now let $n\in \mathbb ...
6
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0
answers
151
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Gap between consecutive Dirichlet eigenvalues
Suppose $\Omega \subset \mathbb R^2$ is a domain with a Lipschitz boundary and let $\{\lambda_k\}_{k=0}^n$ be the eigenvalues for the Laplacian operator on $\Omega$, that is to say
$$ -\Delta \phi_k = ...
5
votes
1
answer
445
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Schwartz regularity for the density of a stochastic process
Let $B$ be a standard Brownian motion in $\mathbb R$. Define the variables
$$\begin{align*} X &= B_1, & Y &= \int_0^1B_s\mathrm ds, & Z&= \int_0^1B_s^2\mathrm ds. \end{align*}$$
It ...
2
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1
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130
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Canonical forms on higher degree Jet bundles similar to the Liouville form
On a smooth manifold of dimension $n$, the application value of the canonical $1$-form, the Liouville form on $T^*(X)$, to the Hamiltonian mechanics is well known; $T^*(X)$ is a degree $1$-Jet bundle. ...
1
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0
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What does the placeholder in the expression means in the paper "Global Uniqueness for a Two-Dimensional Inverse Boundary Value Problem"?
I am a researcher whose research interest is in applying numerical algorithm to solve inverse problems.
In reading the paper Global Uniqueness for a Two-Dimensional Inverse Boundary Value Problem, I ...
0
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1
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Reference request: Is if possible to estimate the local behaviour of the solution of $\nabla \cdot a(x) \nabla f=g$ via constant coefficients?
Consider the divergence form uniformly elliptic operator $\nabla \cdot a(x) \nabla$
where the coefficient $a$ are smooth and bounded and $D$ is a bounded
and smooth domain of $\mathbb R^d$
$$
\begin{...
3
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1
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Are there applications for the PDE $ - \operatorname{grad} ( \operatorname{div} \vec u ) = \vec f$?
As in the title: given a vector field $\vec f$, are there any interesting applications (in physics, biology, or economy, or ...) of the partial differential equation
$ - \operatorname{grad} ( \...
1
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0
answers
53
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Maximum principle for a fractional Laplacian operator
Let $\Omega=\{x\in \mathbb R^N: R_1<|x|<R_2\}$ be a bounded in $\mathbb R^N$ and $N>2s$ with $s\in (0, 1)$.
If $u$ is a smooth solution to the problem $(-\Delta)^su=0$ in $\Omega$ with $u=f$ ...
2
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0
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113
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Divergence-free constraint for a boundary integral equation
Consider the system
$$
\begin{cases}
\operatorname{curl} \operatorname{curl} \mathbf{u} = 0 \qquad B \cup (\mathbb{R}^3 \setminus \overline{B}) \\
c_1 (\operatorname{curl} \mathbf{u} \times \mathbf{n})...
1
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0
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Pointwise estimate of solutions to the parabolic equation with a monotonic drift
I wonder for a parabolic equation
$$u_t+(a(t,x)u)_x= u_{xx},$$
if we know that $a(t,x)$ is monotonic decreasing in $x$ with $a(t,-\infty)=C_L, a(t,+\infty)=C_R$, $C_L>C_R\geq 0$, are there results ...
4
votes
1
answer
377
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Differential inequalities under which a flat function must be identically zero
Let $f:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ be a smooth function which is flat at $0\in \mathbb{R}$. That is $f^{(k)}(0)=0,\; k=0,1,2,\ldots $.
Assume that $|f''(x)|\leq M|f(x)|\quad \forall x\in \mathbb{R}$ ...
4
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0
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146
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Fourier transform without characters (Eigenfunctions of an operator)
Let's consider a very simple problem in quantum mechanics:
We have, in $\mathbb R,$ a potential barrier of the form
$$
V(x) = V_0 \mathbf 1_{[-a,a]}(x),
$$
where $\mathbf 1_{[-a,a]}$ denotes the ...
6
votes
0
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114
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Determine the location of the boundary where the heat changes fastest
I am motivated by the following question:
Given a uniform heat source in a convex domain, and suppose that the outside temperature is equal to $0$, can we determine where the long-time temperature ...
16
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2
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How to generalize the various vector calculus theorems to distributions?
Here is a list of vector calculus identities; in the proof of these identities, we all assume that these functions are $𝐶^𝑘$ in an open set, and we usually use these identities to calculate ...
2
votes
1
answer
160
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Sobolev imbedding result; proof
Here I would like to prove a result that I assume is known but I am having difficulty proving. I will give the set up. This problem is really coming from functions with are 'doubly radial' or '...
2
votes
0
answers
658
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Convergence of operator in norm resolvent sense and their eigenvectors
Let $\{T_n\}_{n=1}^\infty$ and $T$ be (unbounded) self-adjoint operators and $T_n\to T$ in norm resolvent sense, that is, for some $z\in \mathbb{C} \setminus \mathbb{R}$, $\|(zI- T_n)^{-1}- (zI- T)^{-...
1
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0
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103
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A PDE involving a diffeomorphism of $\mathbb{S}^1$
This question is a special case of this one.
Let $s(\theta)>0, b(\theta)$ be two smooth non-constant real-valued functions on $\mathbb{S}^1$.
Do there exist a diffeomorphism $\phi:\mathbb{S}^1 \to \...
2
votes
1
answer
289
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Reference request for semilinear PDEs in dimension 2
I am interested in the study of the (semi-linear, I suppose) equation
$$\begin{cases}-\Delta u(x,y)+q(x)u(x,y)+h(x)=f(u(x,y)-kx),\;\;(x,y)\in\Omega,\\
u=g,\;\;\;\text{on }\partial\Omega.\end{cases}$$
...
2
votes
0
answers
42
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convergence in capacity implies $\gamma$-convegence
Let $A_n$ a sequence of quasi-open sets and $A$ a quasi- open set contained in a ball $B$ in $\mathbb{R}^N$. Let $u_A$ the unique solution in $H_0^1(A)$ of the equation $-\Delta u=1$. It means that $$ ...
2
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0
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84
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Decay rate of transition density of a SDE system
Consider the following SDE system
$$dx_t = b(y_t)dt + dw^1_t, \quad dy_t = dw^2_t.$$
Here the drift $b(\cdot)$ is a smooth function that may decay slowly. For example, $|b(x)| \le C/|x|^\sigma$ for ...
6
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2
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340
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Vacuum region with positive measure for the Schrödinger equation
Let us consider the free Schrödinger equation $(i\partial_t+\Delta_x)\psi=0$ in $\mathbb{R}_t\times\mathbb{R}_x^d$. I'm trying to understand the structure of the vacuum region
$$\Omega(\psi):=\{(t,x)\...
0
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0
answers
244
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Holder continuity relative to Rellic-Kondrachov compactness via the nonlinear Aronsson operator
Connected to the question,
Does Morrey's inequality contextually relate to Rellic-Kondrachov compactness?
An analysis of the well-known nonlinear Aronsson operator gives $C^{(1, \frac{1}{3})}$ ...
0
votes
2
answers
291
views
Higher dimensional analogue of Kellog's theorem? (Holder continuity of solution to Dirichlet problem with Holder continuous boundary data)
Let $f:S^n\to C$ be a continuous function, $n\geq 1$. When $n=1$, this is a well-known theorem, called Kellog's theorem (or sometimes Kellog-Warschawski's theorem) which states the following
Theorem: ...
1
vote
0
answers
105
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Derivative and Green function of Fractional Laplacian in a bounded domain: $(-\Delta)^s\nabla_x G(\bar x,z) = 0 \text{ in } \Omega $?
Let $G$ be the Green function of the Fractional Laplacian $(-\Delta)^s$ in a domain $\Omega$ (which is known explicitly for the special case of the ball: link). Let $\bar x \in \Omega$ be fixed. Does ...
3
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0
answers
189
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Regularity of harmonic functions for a degenerate elliptic operator
This is a question on a degenerate elliptic operator.
Let $E$ be a closed unit ball in $\mathbb{R}^d$ centered at the origin. For a positive number $c>0$ and $f \in C^2(E)(:=C^2(\mathbb{R}^d)|_E)$, ...
5
votes
0
answers
156
views
Homotopy, contraction mapping and the inverse function theorem on Banach spaces
We all know the "open mapping" part of the inverse function theorem on Euclidean spaces can be proved by either contraction mapping (iterations), or homotopy methods (degree theory / ...
2
votes
0
answers
144
views
Does this geometric PDE have a solution?
Let $s(\theta), b(\theta)$ be two smooth non-constant real-valued functions on $\mathbb{S}^1$, and assume that $s$ never vanishes.
Does there exist a map $h:(0,1) \times \mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1$,...
0
votes
1
answer
142
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Showing that a Gaussian achieves equality in a logarithmic Sobolev inequality
Consider the following Logarithmic Sobolev inequality on page 210 of Analysis by by Elliott H. Lieb, Michael Loss (GSM 14): for $f\in H^1(\mathbb R^n),$ and $a>0$ any positive number,
$$
\frac{a^2}{...
1
vote
1
answer
275
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Regularity of solutions for a non linear elliptic equation
Let $v_k$ be a radial sequence of function that satisfies in $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^4$
$(-\Delta)^2 v_k=e^{v_k}$
$v_k(x)\leq v_k(0)=0$
$\left\Vert (-\Delta)v_k\right\Vert_{L^1(B_R(0))}=O(1)\qquad R&...
0
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0
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982
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Weak $H^1$ convergence implies strong $L^p_{\text{loc}}$ convergence
On page 210 of Analysis by by Elliott H. Lieb, Michael Loss (GSM 14), there is a theorem stating that if $f_j \to f$ weakly in $H^1(\mathbb R^n)$ then $\mathbf 1_A f_j \to \mathbf 1_A f$ strongly in $...
2
votes
1
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257
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Existence of divergence-free unit vector field in conformally rescaled euclidean metric
Question. Let $\Omega \subset \mathbf{R}^2$ be a convex polygonal domain, equipped with a Riemannian metric $g$. Under which conditions on $g$ is there a vector field $X$ in $\Omega$ with $\mathrm{div}...
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votes
1
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206
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A-priori bound on parabolic PDE that doesn't depend on end time
I have a PDE
$$u_t = a(x,t)u_{xx} + b(x,t)u_{x} + c(x,t)u + f$$
where the coefficients are in parabolic Holder space $\widetilde{C}^{0, \alpha}(I \times [0,T])$ where $I=[0,2\pi]$. The a-priori bound (...
0
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0
answers
93
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Regularity of semilinear parabolic PDE in the whole space
I need regularities in Holder space of the following parabolic PDE:
$$\partial_t v = \partial_{xx} v + \partial_{yy} v + \rho \partial_{xy} v - v \partial_x v + \partial_y v + F, \forall (x, y, t) \...
5
votes
1
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568
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Convergence of discrete Laplacian to continuous one
I make the following observation:
Let $\Delta^{(n)}$ be the discrete Laplacian on $\mathbb{C}^n$ (ie the $n\times n $ matrix with diagonal $-2$ and upper/lower diagonal $1$.)
This one has eigenvalues ...
4
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1
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387
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Asymptotic formula for fractional Laplacian
For the solution of
$$
\begin{cases}
\lambda u^\epsilon - \frac{\epsilon^2}{2} \Delta u^\epsilon = 0 &\text{in } \Omega \\
u^\epsilon=1 & \text{on } \partial \Omega
\end{cases}
$$
Varadhan ...
1
vote
0
answers
50
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Strong convergence from elliptic equation
Consider the following equation
$$ \Delta A_n = -2\Im(\bar{u}_n(\nabla -iA_n)u_n) =: -J(u_n,A_n)$$
and suppose that $u_n \in L^{\infty}(I,H^1(\Omega))$ for some bounded $I\subset \mathbb{R}$, $\Omega\...
1
vote
0
answers
323
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Does Morrey's inequality contextually relate to Rellic-Kondrachov compactness?
I have been reflecting on this question, and want to share my thinking thus far. I'd be grateful for the community's inputs.
We refer to Morrey's inequality, Theorem 4 on pp 266 of Evan's book on PDE, ...
4
votes
1
answer
266
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Prove $\int_{\mathbb R^N \setminus \Omega} |x - z|^{-N-s} dz \approx dist(x,\partial \Omega)^{-s}$, $s \in (0,2)$
Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb R^N$ and $s \in (0,2)$. Under what assumptions on $\partial \Omega$ do we have
$$\int_{\mathbb R^N \setminus \Omega} |x - z|^{-N-s} dz \approx \mathrm{dist}(x,\partial \...
5
votes
1
answer
721
views
Constant in the Poincare inequality for curl square integrable vector fields
$\newcommand{\v}[1]{\boldsymbol{#1}}$For an $u\in H^1(\Omega) = W^{1,2}(\Omega)$ where $\Omega$ is Lipschitz, we have
$$
{\|u - \frac{1}{\left|\Omega\right|} \int_{\Omega} u\|}_{L^2}\leq C
{\|\nabla u ...
6
votes
0
answers
113
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A continuity argument for a dispersive $gKdV$ estimate
I'm learning about the gKdV equation, following Schlag & Muscalu vol II. We're looking at
$$\begin{cases} u_t + u_{xxx} + F(u)_x = 0 \\ u_0 = g\end{cases}$$
where $F(u) = u^5$ (for example). The ...
0
votes
1
answer
147
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The relationship between the first eigenfuntions and the second eigenfuntions on sphere [closed]
Recently I considered the following question: If we give a second eigenfuntions $g$ on sphere, then can we construct a first eigenfuntions $f$ by $g$? Is there any relationship between the first ...
5
votes
1
answer
301
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$L^p$-estimates for elliptic pseudodifferential operators
Assume we have an pseudodifferential operator
$P:\mathcal{S}(\mathbb{R}^n) \rightarrow \mathcal{S}(\mathbb{R}^n), Pf(x) = (2\pi)^{-n/2}\int\mathrm{d}\xi\; p(x,\xi)\,\hat{f}(\xi)e^{i\xi x}$
acting on ...
27
votes
2
answers
8k
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Compact embeddings of Sobolev spaces: a counterexample showing the Rellich-Kondrachov theorem is sharp
Let $U$ be an open bounded subset of $\mathbb{R}^n$ with $C^{1}$ boundary. Let $1 \leq p < n$ and $p^{\ast} = pn/(n-p)$. Then the Sobolev space $W^{1,p}(U)$ is contained $L^{p^{\ast}}(U)$ and ...
4
votes
1
answer
1k
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Uhlenbeck's theorem novelty
This link provides a short introduction to the contributions of Uhlenbeck about regular gauge fixing. However, I feel quite puzzled about it and I do not understand the real novelty apported by this ...