Questions tagged [symmetry]

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Do digraphs with "other" symmetries have interesting properties

Question: do digraphs $G(V,A)$, whose adjacency matrix exhibits certain symmetries, have mathematically interesting properties? The most famous such symmetry is $(i,j)\in A\iff(j,i)\in A$ for which ...
Manfred Weis's user avatar
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Minimal Non-Symmetric Closed Tracks Under 45-Degree Rotations

Given an arbitrary number of clockwise and anti-clockwise 45-degree track turns, what is the smallest closed track, that is neither axisymmetric nor rotationally symmetrical? For example, AAAAAAAA ...
Martin Clever's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
65 views

Internal symmetries of partial differential relation via the nonholonomic jet bundle

On a smooth n-dimensional Riemannian manifold $M$, suppose I have the kth order partial differential relation (PDR) written in the form: $$\mathcal{R}=\mathcal{R}\left(x^{i},u^{i},u_{j}^{i},u_{jk}^{i}\...
R. Rankin's user avatar
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2 votes
1 answer
145 views

Question on density of certain set of matrices

Let $B$ be an invertible real matrix and let $Q=\{A \text{ real}\mid AB^{T} \text{ is symmetric}\}$. Is the subset $S=\{ A \in Q\mid A+A(B^{-1}A)^{2} \text{ is symmetric}\}$ of measure zero in $Q$? I ...
Kanghun Kim's user avatar
4 votes
2 answers
238 views

Does the edge-graph of a centrally symmetric polytope determine which vertices are antipodal?

Given two origin symmetric convex polytopes $P_1$ and $P_2$ (that is $P_i=-P_i$) with the same edge-graph, but potentially of different dimensions and combinatorial types. Let $\phi: G_{P_1}\to G_{P_2}...
M. Winter's user avatar
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4 votes
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130 views

Can a polytopal graph be "centrally symmetric" in more than one way?

Let $P,Q$ be two centrally symmetric convex polytopes, potentially of different dimensions and combinatorial type, but with the same edge-graph $G$. The central symmetry of $P$ induces an involutory ...
M. Winter's user avatar
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0 votes
1 answer
125 views

Conserved quantities

So, if we have system of differential equations obtained from Lagrange function, by means of Noether theoerem (if we know some one-parameter symmetry group), we can derive conserved quantity. But how ...
Dragomir's user avatar
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1 answer
56 views

integer network flow with symmetry

Suppose we have a weighted directed graph $G=(V,E,f)$. Each $e\in E$ is associated with $f_e\in \mathbb{N}$. There is a source node $s$, which only has outgoing edges, and a sink node $t$, which only ...
gondolf's user avatar
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7 votes
0 answers
193 views

Surprising symmetry in the Ramanujan bound

The condition for a connected $(q+1)$-regular graph to be Ramanujan is that every nonzero eigenvalue $\lambda$ of the graph Laplacian satisfy $$q+1-2\sqrt{q}\le \lambda\le q+1+2\sqrt{q}.$$ With a ...
Antoine Labelle's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
107 views

Are square configurations the only critical points of the energy on the circle?

$\newcommand{\S}{\mathbb{S}^1}$ $\newcommand{\la}{\lambda}$Let$$M=\{(x_1,x_2,x_3,x_4) \in (\S)^4\,\, |\,\, \text{ all the } x_i \, \text{ are distinct}\} $$ Define $E:M \to \mathbb{R}$ by $$E(x_1,x_2,...
Asaf Shachar's user avatar
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10 votes
1 answer
549 views

Does a compact contractible metric space have a point that is fixed by all isometries?

Let $(X,d)$ be a compact and contractible metric space. Let $\operatorname{Isom}(X)=\{\phi\colon X\to X\}$ be its group of isometries. Question: Is there a point $x\in X$ fixed by all $\phi\in\...
M. Winter's user avatar
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8 votes
2 answers
277 views

Symmetries of contractable subsets of $\Bbb R^n$

Let $K\subset\Bbb R^n$ be a non-empty compact subset of $\Bbb R^n$. A symmetry of $K$ is an isometry of $\Bbb R^n$ that fixes $K$ set-wise. Since $K$ is compact, there is always a point $x\in\Bbb R^n$ ...
M. Winter's user avatar
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6 votes
1 answer
619 views

Combinatorics and symmetry in matrices under row and column swaps

Suppose we have a $m\times n$ matrix and a sequence of numbers with which to fill the matrix, $\{c_1,c_2 \dots c_k \}$. I like to think of the numbers as colors, hence the notation. How many unique ...
Benjamin van Heerden's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
190 views

$G_2$ as the symmetry group of a geometric object

Is there a seven-dimensional geometric object whose full group of symmetries is isomorphic to the compact Lie group $G_2$, or does the same problem as with the special orthogonal groups occur?
Daniel Sebald's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
138 views

Multiplicity of Dirichlet Laplacian eigenvalues of asymmetric domains

Let $\Delta$ be the Laplacian on a smooth domain $\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^2$ with Dirichlet boundary conditions. I am interested in whether the implication \begin{align} \Omega \text{ is asymmetric } ...
StochasticMurderess's user avatar
5 votes
0 answers
109 views

Lie groupoids as symmetries of mechanical systems?

Lie groups are well studied as symmetries of mechanical systems in symplectic/Poisson geometry. For instance, if $G$ acts freely and properly on a mechanical system modeled by a symplectic manifold $(...
user2002's user avatar
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2 votes
1 answer
167 views

How to find the symmetry group of the differential equation

I'm studying the following differential equation $$ x \frac{\partial^3}{\partial x^3} P[h, x] = \left (x^3 \frac{\partial^3}{\partial x^3} + 3x^2 h \frac{\partial^3}{\partial x^2 \partial h} + ...
Sergii Voloshyn's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
138 views

Erlangen program for "network geometry"

The subject of network geometry (Boguna et al., Network Geometry, Nature Reviews Physics 2021) looks at "geometric aspects" of complex networks. This is about studying a metric on the nodes, ...
apg's user avatar
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3 votes
0 answers
65 views

Classification of maximal point groups

Have the maximal (without finite proper overgroups of the same dimensionality) finite point groups been fully classified in any dimensionality of Euclidean space greater than 4?
Daniel Sebald's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
101 views

A PDE involving a diffeomorphism of $\mathbb{S}^1$

This question is a special case of this one. Let $s(\theta)>0, b(\theta)$ be two smooth non-constant real-valued functions on $\mathbb{S}^1$. Do there exist a diffeomorphism $\phi:\mathbb{S}^1 \to \...
Asaf Shachar's user avatar
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2 votes
0 answers
143 views

Does this geometric PDE have a solution?

Let $s(\theta), b(\theta)$ be two smooth non-constant real-valued functions on $\mathbb{S}^1$, and assume that $s$ never vanishes. Does there exist a map $h:(0,1) \times \mathbb{S}^1 \to \mathbb{S}^1$,...
Asaf Shachar's user avatar
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7 votes
1 answer
230 views

Are there simplicial spheres with "non-geometric symmetries"?

Let $\Delta$ be a simplicial sphere, that is, a finite (abstract) simplicial complex whose canonical geometric realization $|\Delta|$ is homeomorphic to a sphere $\mathbf S^d\subset\Bbb R^{d+1}$. ...
M. Winter's user avatar
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2 votes
0 answers
105 views

Minimal symmetry of a fibre bundle

Let $F \to E \to B$ be a topological fibre bundle with fibre $F$ and base $B$. It can be characterized by a map $B \to BAut(F)$. If it can also be characterized as a map $B \to BG$ (or say $G$ is a ...
Student's user avatar
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2 votes
0 answers
88 views

An easy way to recognize the edges of an orbit polytope?

Given a finite (orthogonal) matrix group $\Gamma\subseteq\mathrm O(\Bbb R^d)$ and a point $x\in\Bbb R^d$. The corresponding orbit polytope is $$\mathrm{Orb}(\Gamma,x):=\mathrm{conv}\{Tx\mid T\in \...
M. Winter's user avatar
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6 votes
0 answers
84 views

Can a spherical simplicial complex have more than one "central" inversion?

Let $\Delta$ be a finite connected simplicial complex. Call a simplicial map $\phi:\Delta\to\Delta$ an inversion if $\phi$ is an involution, that is $\phi\circ\phi=\mathrm{id}$, and $\phi$ is not ...
M. Winter's user avatar
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2 votes
0 answers
126 views

Is the projective symmetry group of a polytope more general than its linear symmetry group?

Give a (convex) polytope $P\subset\Bbb R^d$ (the convex hull of finitely many points). Consider its linear and projective symmetry groups: \begin{align} \DeclareMathOperator{\Aut}{Aut} \...
M. Winter's user avatar
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1 vote
2 answers
307 views

Is there an area-preserving concentric diffeomorphism of the ellipse?

$\DeclareMathOperator\Vol{Vol}$This is a cross-post. Let $0<b<1$ be a fixed parameter, and let $(R(\theta),\theta)$ be the polar coordinates of the ellipse $$E=\{(x,y) \in \mathbb R^2 \, | \, \...
Asaf Shachar's user avatar
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1 vote
0 answers
120 views

Symmetry of points on unit sphere determined by relation between triples of points

Suppose we have $n$ points on the 3D unit sphere, $X = (\pmb{r}_{1}, \pmb{r}_{2}, ..., \pmb{r}_{n})$. I am interested in knowing to what extent the rotational symmetry of $X$ is determined by the ...
Ted Burgess's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
159 views

Isomorphic Coxeter groups

After enumerating the spherical Coxeter groups, it is easy to see that no two distinct cases are isomorphic. Does the same hold for Euclidean and hyperbolic Coxeter groups?
Daniel Sebald's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
111 views

Qualitative analysis of the equation and symmetry (point on sphere)

A point moves on the surface of sphere ($R>0$ - radius) along the curve defined by the differential equation in spherical coordinate system: $R^2(|\dot \theta|^2 + w^2 \sin^2 \theta)=(at)^2$, ...
Mikhail Gaichenkov's user avatar
8 votes
1 answer
345 views

Which reflection groups can be enlarged?

Based on this question (which focuses on the case $E_8$) I wonder the following: Question: For each finite reflection group $\Gamma\subseteq\mathrm O(\Bbb R^d)$, what is the largest finite group $\...
M. Winter's user avatar
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9 votes
1 answer
486 views

Can $E_8$ be enlarged?

Is there any finite 8-dimensional point group which contains the $E_8$ Coxeter group as a subgroup other than $E_8$ itself?
Daniel Sebald's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
344 views

What is the symmetry group of this compound of two polytopes?

The geometric shape in question is a compound of two polytopes: an 11-hypercube with edge length $2$ and an 11-simplex with edge length $\sqrt6$ whose vertices are a subset of the hypercube’s. What is ...
Daniel Sebald's user avatar
3 votes
0 answers
39 views

Are there uniform compounds of 135 $BC_8$ polytopes?

The Coxeter group $D_8$ is an index-135 subgroup of $E_8$. One of the consequences of this is that the rectified 8-orthoplex, whose coordinates can be given as all permutations and sign changes of $\{...
Daniel Sebald's user avatar
4 votes
2 answers
289 views

Can every involution of a symmetric directed graph be written as a power of another symmetry?

Let $D=(V,A)$ be a finite directed graph, and suppose that $D$ is vertex-transitive, $D$ is edge-transitive, and between any two vertices there is at most one edge, in particular, if $(v,w)\in A$ ...
M. Winter's user avatar
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3 votes
0 answers
103 views

Are there any other regular compounds?

Ever since I first read Coxeter’s definition of a regular compound (which seems to be the most commonly used), I didn’t like it on account of it being completely different than for properly connected ...
Daniel Sebald's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
385 views

Making use of extra symmetries; more examples?

TL; DR. In representation theory, it's nice to decompose a given representation into smaller ones. One technique is by utilizing extra symmetries. Explicit examples come from compact groups, and I ...
Student's user avatar
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5 votes
3 answers
579 views

The randomness of modular squaring

For each arithmetic function $f:\mathbb{N}\rightarrow \mathbb{N}$ and each $n\in \mathbb{N}$ you can define a relation $f_{\textsf{mod } n}:[n]\times[n] \rightarrow \{0,1\}$ with $$f_{\textsf{mod } n}(...
Hans-Peter Stricker's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
36 views

Vertex configuration to tile repeat unit

I am working with elongated triangular tiling which has a vertex configuration of 3.3.3.4.4 and noticed that the representative symmetry is not the repeat unit. Is there a general formula to convert ...
Jim Z's user avatar
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1 vote
0 answers
75 views

Projection of cocyclic Gaussian primes on the real axis

I just stumbled upon https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/2372062/4-concylic-points-of-gaussian-primes after a quick Google search about cocyclic Gaussian primes. As I've been investigating about ...
Sylvain JULIEN's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
44 views

How dense can a transitive sets of points be?

How dense can a finite set of points on the $d$-dimensional unit sphere be if I require that the symmetry group of that arrangement is still transitive on the points? As a measure for density I use ...
M. Winter's user avatar
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3 votes
1 answer
171 views

When is a $k$-distance-transitive graph already distance-transitive?

Call a (finite and connected) graph $k$-distance-transitive if its symmetry group acts transitively on the pairs in each one of the sets $$D_\delta:=\{(i,j)\in V\times V\mid \mathrm d(i,j)=\delta\},\...
M. Winter's user avatar
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2 votes
1 answer
118 views

A diameter 2 arc-transitive graph whose complement is not arc-transitive?

A graph $G=(V,E)$ is arc-transitive if its symmetry group acts transitively on ordered pairs of adjacent vertices. In general, the complement of an arc-transitive graph is not arc-transitive. But I ...
M. Winter's user avatar
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4 votes
0 answers
113 views

Can we combine the symmetries of two polytopes to create a more symmetric polytope?

Suppose that there are two combinatorially equivalent (convex) polytopes $P_1,P_2\subset\Bbb R^d$, that is, both with the same face lattice $\mathcal L$. The symmetry group $\mathrm{Aut}(P_i)\subset\...
M. Winter's user avatar
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6 votes
1 answer
198 views

A polytope with congruent facets and an insphere that is not facet-transitive?

Is there a $d$-dimensional convex polytope (convex hull of finitely many points, not contained in a proper subspace), with $d\ge 4$ and the following properties? All facets are congruent, it has an ...
M. Winter's user avatar
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2 votes
0 answers
114 views

Balanced Gray codes for powers of 2

All of the binary 4-bit cyclic balanced Gray code sequences can be formed from simple reversals, bit-permutations, and circular shifts of the one Wikipedia example: ...
bobuhito's user avatar
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2 votes
1 answer
125 views

Decomposition of the homogeneous polynomial ring $\{\mathbb R[x_{ij}]_{1\le i,j\le n}\}$ of degree 2 into Specht modules

I have tried to decompose this as following spans over the real field. $V_1=\operatorname{span} \langle x_{ij}^2\rangle$ $V_2=\operatorname{span} \langle x_{ij}x_{jk}\rangle$ $V_3=\operatorname{...
Karthik C's user avatar
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9 votes
0 answers
91 views

A characterization of root systems via their intersections with halfspaces

In a recent preprint I obtained a nice characterization of root systems as a side product. I can imagine that this was known before, and that a source for this statement can shorten the proof of my ...
M. Winter's user avatar
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4 votes
0 answers
47 views

Equiangular lines with symmetry requirements

Listing all possible arrangements of equiangular lines is non-trivial. Does the problem become any easier when we additionally require that the symmetry group of that line arrangement acts ...
M. Winter's user avatar
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4 votes
1 answer
301 views

Examples of Calabi-Yau manifolds with $\mathbb{T}^2$ symmetry

I want to know if there exists examples of Calabi-Yau manifolds with $\mathbb{T}^2$-invariant $SU(n)$-structure. In particular these actions are both Killing and holomorphic. I am especially ...
u184's user avatar
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