All Questions
5,658 questions
5
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Are singular functions dense in the space of Hölder continuous functions?
We say a non-constant function $f$ on $[0, 1]$ is singular if it is continuous, and in addition differentiable almost everywhere with $f' = 0$ a.e.
For every positive $\alpha < 1$, is the set of ...
- 6,285
5
votes
1
answer
359
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Infinite multiplicity set of continuous functions
Definitions:
Fix a function $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ such that $f$ obtains each value only finite (possibly $0$) number of times. We say $E \subset \mathbb{N}$ is the "multiplicity set" ...
- 103
5
votes
1
answer
590
views
On the Riemannian integrability of the bounded derivative
Let $f:[a,b]\to\mathbb R$ be a differentiable function with $f'$ bounded. According to this post, $f'$ is not necessarily Riemann integrable on $[a,b]$, see also Volterra's function.
I wonder, if $f'$...
- 299
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votes
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508
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Generalized Wigner 3-j symbol and Legendre functions
Let $P_{n}(x)$ the $n-th$ Legendre polynomial. It is well-knonw that $$\int_{-1}^1 P_n(x) P_m(x) P_h(x) \, dx=2\left(\begin{array}{ccc}
n & m & h\\
0 & 0 & 0
\end{array}\right)^{2}\tag{...
- 219
5
votes
1
answer
182
views
Intermediate value property for Sobolev functions
Let $d \geq 2$, and let $f \in W^{1, 1} (\mathbb R^d)$ be a Sobolev function.
Question: For any $a, b \in \mathbb R$ such that $\text{essinf } f \leq a < b \leq \text{esssup } f$, is it true that $\...
- 6,285
5
votes
1
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339
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Finding vector fields on $S^2$ with equal divergence
Let $\mathfrak{X}_{CK}^{\perp}$ be the space of vector fields on $S^2$ that are $L^2$-orthogonal to conformal Killing vector fields. Let $\mathfrak{X}_{CK}$ be the 6-dimensional space of conformal ...
- 969
5
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2
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386
views
A restricted version of Riemann series theorem: rearrangements with alternating signs
If $(a_{n})$ is a conditionally convergent series in real field, then for any real number $\alpha$, there exists a rearrangement $(a_{k_{n}})$ of $(a_{n})$ such that for all even $n$, $a_{k_{n}} \geq ...
- 129
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2
answers
202
views
Monotonicity of a parametric integral
For real $x>0$, let
$$f(x):=\frac1{\sqrt x}\,\int_0^\infty\frac{1-\exp\{-x\, (1-\cos t)\}}{t^2}\,dt.$$
How to prove that $f$ is increasing on $(0,\infty)$?
Here is the graph $\{(x,f(x))\colon0<...
- 128k
5
votes
2
answers
338
views
Approximation of analytic function by a fixed number of monomials
This question seems simple but I can't manage to disprove it. Let $N\in \mathbb{N}$. We know that by its analyticity that this precise linear combination of monomials
$
\sum_{n=0}^K \frac1{n!} x^n
$
...
5
votes
2
answers
134
views
Prove that $K \ast f \in W^{1,\infty}(\mathbb R)$ if $K \in BV(\mathbb R)$
Let $f \in L^1 \cap L^\infty(\mathbb R)$ and $K \in BV(\mathbb R)$. Do these assumptions suffice to prove that for the convolution $K \ast f$ we have that $$K \ast f \in W^{1,\infty}(\mathbb R)$$ ...
- 131
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2
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243
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Is $\Gamma(s, x=s-1)/\Gamma(s)$ decreasing for real $s>1$? Is $\Gamma(s, x=s)/\Gamma(s)$ increasing?
This has received no full solution at StackExchange.
As per https://dlmf.nist.gov/8.10#E13 we have
$$\frac{\Gamma\left(n,n\right)}{\Gamma\left(n\right)}<\frac{1}{2}<\frac{\Gamma%
\left(n,n-1\...
- 804
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2
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646
views
Can functions be differentiable on sets with empty interiors?
As a simple example, suppose we have a function $f: \mathbb{R}^3 \to \mathbb{R}$ defined on the set (and taking $+\infty$ everywhere else),
$$\{x \in \mathbb{R}^3| x_1 \in [-1, 1], x_2 \in [-1, 1], ...
5
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1
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260
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Approximate Sobolev embedding
It is well-known in $H^2(\mathbb R^3)$ embeds into $L^{\infty}(\mathbb{R}^3).$ Now consider a function $u \in \ell^{\infty}(h\mathbb Z^3)$ and a grid of points $x \in h\mathbb{Z}^3.$
We then define ...
- 124
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2
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303
views
Density character of a metric space is an Ulam number
I am reading this paper and I came across the following sentence:
Throughout the paper we silently assume [...] that the density character (i.e. the minimum cardinality of a
dense subset) of ...
- 980
5
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1
answer
359
views
Estimate of the difference quotients in terms of an $L^{1,\infty}$ function
Let $f \colon \mathbb R^d \to \mathbb R$ be a measurable function. Consider the following property:
(P) there exist a negligible set $N \subset \mathbb R^d$ and function $T_f \in L^p(\mathbb R^d)$ ...
- 980
5
votes
1
answer
850
views
Functions that map open balls to open balls of different radius?
For $n \geq 2$ we say a continuous function $f: \mathbb R^n \to \mathbb R^n$ such that the image of any bounded open ball is a bounded open ball of different radius is a balloon function.
...
- 2,079
5
votes
1
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200
views
An inequality involving $L^1$ and $L^\infty$ norms of a function of a real variable and its derivative
I got to the following inequality by a (hopefully correct) tortuous argument:
If $F:[a,b] \to \mathbb{R}$ is a absolutely continuous monotone function then:
$$ \|F'\|_1^2 \leq 4 \|F\|_1 \, \|F'\|...
- 2,479
5
votes
1
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571
views
Schrödinger operator with Coulomb potential
The free Laplacian $-\Delta$ has absolutely continuous spectrum $[0,\infty).$ The Coulomb Hamiltonian $H=-\Delta-\frac{1}{\vert x\vert}$ on $L^2(\mathbb R^3)$ has absolutely continuous spectrum $[0,\...
- 119
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171
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Invariant subspace in infinite dimensions
Let $A(t)$ be a family of skew self-adjoint operator defined on some Hilbert space $H$ with common domain $D(A).$
The dependence on $t$ is in the strongly continuous sense, i.e. for all $x \in D(A)$ ...
- 177
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1
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243
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Integral involving Gamma function: density of Kendall-Ressel family of distributions
I came across the following function when reading the famous paper of Letac and Mora "Natural exponential families with cubic variance functions", i.e.,
$$f(x) = \frac{x^x e^{-x}}{\Gamma(x+2)}$$ for $...
- 984
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1
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669
views
Compact operators on $\ell^1$
Let $T$ be a compact symmetric operator on $\ell^2$ and $T\vert_{\ell^1}$ be bounded on $\ell^1$. Are there any non-trivial conditions that $T\vert_{\ell^1}$ is compact as well (for example would $T$ ...
- 329
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1
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101
views
Does minimum of an analytic map restricted to analytic curves implies minimum?
Let $f:\mathbb{R}^n \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ be an analytic function such that its restriction to any arbitrary analytic curve $\gamma$ passing through the origin $0\in \mathbb{R}^n$ attains a local ...
- 53
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1
answer
136
views
Reference for higher order Campanato Lemmas, e.g. `Sufficiently fast L^2 decay on balls to affine functions implies C^{1,\alpha}'
Whence can I reference the following fact (I have seen it quoted as `standard' in respectable places, so I hope it is so)?:
Let $f : B_2(0) \to \mathbb{R}$, say $f \in L^2(B_2(0))$ . Suppose that ...
- 1,771
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2
answers
273
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Smooth convex extensibility of combination of two line segments
This is a refined version of my earlier question Convex extensibility of combination of two lines.
Is there a smooth function $f:[0,1]\times [0,1]\rightarrow\mathbb R$ such
that for all $x\in [0,...
- 24.8k
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1
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921
views
About generalized Minkowski inequality
For which functions $f:\mathbb{R}^+ \to \mathbb{R}^+$ does the inequality
$f^{-1}\left(\sum\limits_{k=1}^n f(x_k+y_k)\right) \leq f^{-1}\left(\sum\limits_{k=1}^n f(x_k)\right) + f^{-1}\left(\sum\...
- 51
5
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1
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345
views
To give an estimate for the maximal function associated to the Schrödinger group by using a measurable selector function
I am consulting some papers (references below) about the Carleson's problem for the pointwise convergence of the Schrödinger group
\begin{equation}
S_t=e^{i t \Delta}.
\end{equation}
In this context ...
- 692
5
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1
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1k
views
Possible to find a set of log-concave functions with log-concave sums?
While the set of log-convex functions is closed under addition, the set of log-concave functions is not. Yet if $f$ is log-concave, $\ln(k f) = \ln(k)+\ln(f)$, with $k \in \mathbb{R}^+$ constant, is ...
- 51
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2
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719
views
Darboux function on $[0,1]$ with interesting property
I have proved a few years ago the following proposition:
There exists $f: [0,1] \to [0,1]$ with Darboux property such that there exist $A,B \subset[0,1]$ with $A\cap B=\emptyset,\ A \cup B=[0,1]$ ...
- 2,222
5
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1
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246
views
An asymmetric quadrilinear estimate
Fix $1<p<2$ and let $a_{i}=1-\frac{\theta_{i}}{p^{\prime}}$
where $\theta_{i}\in (0,1/2)$, $i=1,2,3,4$, and $p^{\prime}$ is the conjugate exponent of $p$. Note here that $0<a_{i}=1-\theta_{i}+...
- 852
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1
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335
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Long tail property of Laplace transforms
A function $F: \mathbb R_+ \rightarrow \mathbb R_+$ is said to be long tailed if $F(\infty)=0$ and for all $y \geq 0$ $$\frac{F(x+y)}{F(x)} \rightarrow 1, \quad x\rightarrow \infty.$$
Let $\mu$ be a ...
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1
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151
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On existence of a concave function
Let $a$ be a strictly positive $C^\infty$ smooth function on the unit interval. Does there exist a strictly positive $C^\infty$ smooth function $f$ on $I$ such that
$$ f’’(x) \leq 0\quad \text{and} \...
- 4,115
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2
answers
300
views
Does postcomposition with an absolutely continuous function preserve Lebesgue points?
Let $f: \mathbb R^n \to \mathbb R$ be a bounded measurable function, and $g: \mathbb R \to \mathbb R$ an absolutely continuous function.
Question: Is it true that if $x \in \mathbb R^n$ is a Lebesgue ...
- 6,285
5
votes
1
answer
207
views
The Lipschitz constant of convex sphere in $\mathbb{R}^3$
Is every convex sphere (in the sense of Alexandorff, which is the boundary of some convex body in $\mathbb{R}^3$) with Alexandorff curvature $\geq 1$, admitting a bijective map to the unit round ...
- 799
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1
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258
views
Dimension reduction for non-negativity of elementary symmetric polynomials
Fix integers $1 \leq k \leq n$ and suppose $\mathbf{x} \in \mathbb{R}^n$ is such that $e_j(x_1,x_2,\ldots,x_n) \geq 0$ for all $1 \leq j \leq k$, where $e_j$ is the $j$-th elementary symmetric ...
- 6,351
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534
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Minimiser of a certain functional
Let $f_i \in L^1 ([0, 1])$ be a sequence of functions equibounded in $L^1$ norm - that is, there exists some $M > 0$ such that $\|f_i\|_{L^1} < M$.
Define the functional $F: L^1([0, 1]) \to \...
- 6,285
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1
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564
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Convergence of discrete Laplacian to continuous one
I make the following observation:
Let $\Delta^{(n)}$ be the discrete Laplacian on $\mathbb{C}^n$ (ie the $n\times n $ matrix with diagonal $-2$ and upper/lower diagonal $1$.)
This one has eigenvalues ...
- 536
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1
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155
views
Which averages of products of a function give a norm?
Let $f: [0,1] \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ be a bounded measurable function. For some real non-negative numbers $a_1, a_2, b_1, b_2$ with $a_1+b_1=a_2+b_2=1$ consider the quantity
$$N(f)=\int_{[0,1]} \int_{...
- 2,288
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votes
1
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234
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"Simple" condition that would prove a function transcendental
I've already asked the question on MSE but there are still no answers, so I'm going to ask it here.
I conjectured that for every algebraic function $f(x)$ that is differentiable on $\mathbb{R}$, its $\...
- 153
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351
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Is every integer $\ge 312$ the sum of two integers with triangular divisors?
We say that a natural number $n$ has triangular divisors if it has at least one triplet of divisors $n = d_1d_2d_3$, $1 \le d_1 \le d_2 \le d_3$, such that $d_1,d_2$ and $d_3$ form the sides of a ...
- 5,470
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1
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426
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When is the Radon-Nikodym derivative locally essentially bounded
Let $\mu\lll\nu$ be $\sigma$-finite Borel measures, which are not finite, on a topological space $X$. Under what conditions is $0<\operatorname{ess-supp}(\frac{d\mu}{d\nu}I_K)<\infty$ for every ...
- 5,405
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1
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432
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Functions that are Khinchin integrable but not Henstock-Kurzweil integrable
I posed this question on Mathematics SE recently, though by the total lack of attention it has gotten, I do not anticipate an answer and bring it here.
What are some Khinchin integrable $f$ which ...
5
votes
1
answer
329
views
Reference for the rectifiablity of the boundary hypersurface of convex open set
The boundary of any convex open set $X$ is $\mathbb R^n$ is a rectifiable hypersurface.
To see this, intuitively, simply take a sphere $S_d$ with diameter $d\in(0,+\infty]$ that contains $X$. The ...
- 263
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2
answers
580
views
Bounded weak derivative
Let $f \in L^{\infty}$ be a function such that $f$ and the weak derivatives $D^{\alpha}f\in L^{\infty}$ exist for all $\vert \alpha\vert\ge 2$. Does this imply that also $D^{\alpha}f$ with $\vert \...
- 51
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1
answer
500
views
Hausdorff dimension of the graph of a BV function
Let $u: \Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^N \to \mathbb{R}^M$ be a $BV$ function.
Is the Hausdorff dimension of the graph of $u$ equal to $N$? How can we prove it?
Update.
In an answer to this post, it ...
- 839
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votes
1
answer
664
views
Eudoxus real numbers
I recently remembered the eudoxus construction of the real numbers.
Does anyone know what how the rational numbers $\mathbb Q$ can be characterised inside this construction?
Clearification: The usual ...
- 3,249
5
votes
1
answer
332
views
Convergence of a sequence by iteration
Let $F:\mathbb R^d\to\mathbb R$ be a convex function. Assume that $F$ has a uniformly bounded gradient, $|\sup_{x\in\mathbb R^d}\nabla F(x)|<+\infty$. Define the sequence as follows: Take an ...
- 345
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1
answer
211
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Pointwise convergence in functional calculus
Let $A_n$ be a family of (bounded) self-adjoint operator converging pointwise to some (unbounded) self-adjoint operator $A,$ i.e. for all $x$ in the domain of $A$
$$\left\lVert A_n x-Ax \right\rVert \...
- 65
5
votes
1
answer
376
views
Equivalent of Lusin's Theorem in Borel setting
Let $X$ be a Polish space, $\mathcal B$ the sigma-algebra
of Borel sets. Let $E$ be an
aperiodic countable Borel equivalence relation on
$X \times X$ (this means that every class of equivalence
...
- 53
5
votes
1
answer
384
views
Asymptotic growth of the of Taylor coefficients of the inverse of a function
Let $f(x)=\sum_{n\geq 1} c_n\cdot x^n$ be a function given by a power series. Further there is some $\alpha >1$ such that for all $n$, $c_n = \Theta(1/n^{\alpha})$. What can one say about the ...
- 61
5
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1
answer
294
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Fourier transform of $f$ and $|f|$?
What is the relationship between the Fourier transform of an $L^1$ function $f: \mathbb{R}^d \to \mathbb{C}$ and the Fourier transform of $|f|$?
In other words, what is the relationship between
$$
\...
- 161