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Pros and cons of probability model for permutations

I am studying probability model of random permetuation Let $b(n; k)$ denote the number of permutations of {1,...,n} with precisely k inversions ($inv(\pi)$). The analytic approach was considered by L....
Mikhail Gaichenkov's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
578 views

When is the bound in Riesz-Thorin Interpolation Theorem attained?

Let me recall the statement of Riesz-Thorin theorem (see also http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riesz%E2%80%93Thorin_theorem). Theorem (Riesz-Thorin): Let $(X,\mu)$ and $(Y,\nu)$ be $\sigma$-finite ...
Eusebio Gardella's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
390 views

An elementary inequality: reference request

Consider the problem of minimizing $\sum_{i=1}^{n}{x_{i}}$ under the constraints $\sum_{i=1}^{n}{x_{i}^{2}}=1$ and $x_{i} \geq 0$. Obviously the solution is given by the vector $(1,0,\ldots,0)$. Now ...
Felix Goldberg's user avatar
23 votes
2 answers
2k views

Which smooth compactly supported functions are convolutions?

If $f,g$ are smooth functions with support in the interval $[-r,r]$ for some $r>0$, then their convolution $f*g$ is smooth with support in $[-2r,2r]$. My question is about the converse: Given ...
Gandalf Lechner's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
220 views

There is a horseshoe with positive measure

Here is a theorem by Bowen : My question is about the highlighted part in the picture. why there such a function $g$ exist?
mac's user avatar
  • 279
3 votes
1 answer
693 views

Equivalence of negative Sobolev norm of derivative to $L^2$-norm

Let $S:=(0,1)^2$ be the unit square in $\mathbb{R}^2$, and let $M:=\{u\in L^2(S)\mid \int_S u=0\}$ be the space of (real-valued) $L^2$-functions with mean value zero. On $M$ we can consider the $L^2(S)...
Florian's user avatar
  • 2,270
2 votes
1 answer
152 views

Is there a dense rational sequence of positive separation?

Let us consider the set $\ell_\neq$ of bounded sequences of unequal real terms. We use the following descriptions. A sequence $x=(x_0,x_1,...)\in\ell_\neq$ is dense if, for all $\varepsilon>0$, ...
John Bentin's user avatar
  • 2,437
1 vote
1 answer
370 views

A question which belongs to a class of Zygmund functions

Let $f$ be an absolutely continuous, periodic with period 1 and satisfies the condition $$ |f(x+\delta)+f(x-\delta)-2f(x)|\leq \text{const}\frac{\delta}{(\log\frac{1}{\delta})^{\epsilon}}, \,\,\,\...
sokho's user avatar
  • 197
2 votes
1 answer
158 views

Positive kernel property

Let $k:[0,1]^2\rightarrow (0,+\infty)$ be a continuous function and let $f,g:[0,1]\rightarrow (0,+\infty)$ be measurable functions. We assume that $$\forall x\in [0,1],\quad f(x)=\int_0^1 k(x,y) g(y) ...
Bazin's user avatar
  • 16.2k
2 votes
0 answers
229 views

Analytic varieties for the primes and the twin primes

I am wondering what real and complex analysis say about the primes and twin primes. According to Wikipedia analytic variety is defined locally as the set of common zeros of finitely many analytic ...
joro's user avatar
  • 25.4k
1 vote
1 answer
112 views

Looking for methods/results for explicitly bounding iterations of rational functions

In Theorem 2.6.4 of Beardon's book, "Iteration of Rational Functions", he states the values for the first two coefficients of an iterated power series. That is, suppose that $$ f(z)=az+b_{1}z^{r+1}+\...
Pi314's user avatar
  • 11
1 vote
1 answer
94 views

On weak linear continuous functions

This is what I have first asked in SE but I think it is more suitable for here. I am interested in the set of all continuous functions $f: (0, \infty) \longrightarrow \Bbb{R}$ with the following ...
user40021's user avatar
3 votes
1 answer
684 views

Is the countably infinite product of locally convex topological vector spaces locally convex?

Let $(X,\tau)$ be a locally convex topological vector space and denote the product space $$X^{\infty}=X\times X\times X\cdots:=\big\{x=(x_i)_{i\geq 1}:~ x_i\in X\big\}$$ If we endow $X^{\infty}$ ...
CodeGolf's user avatar
  • 1,835
3 votes
1 answer
495 views

Inequality in the Sobolev space $H^1$

I've found the following inequality $$\int_{B_r}\vert u\vert^q\leq C \bigg(\int_{B_r}\vert\nabla u\vert^2\bigg)^{a}\bigg(\int_{B_r}\vert u\vert ^2\bigg)^{\frac{q}{2}-a}+\frac{c}{r^{2a}}\bigg(\int_{B_r}...
user avatar
4 votes
1 answer
670 views

A generalization of a theorem of Grothendieck

In this question the norm of $L^{P}[0,1]$ is denoted by $\parallel . \parallel _{p}$. Let $p$ and $q$ be two arbitrary real numbers with $2<p<q$. Assume that $S$ is a subvector space of ...
Ali Taghavi's user avatar
1 vote
1 answer
2k views

Constructing a continuous matrix valued function

Given $d<k$. Let ${\cal M}_{d\times k}(\mathbb{R})$ denotes the set of all $d\times k$ real matrices and suppose that $H:\mathbb{R}^k\rightarrow {\cal M}_{d\times k}(\mathbb{R})$ is a continuous ...
Jlamprong's user avatar
  • 133
1 vote
3 answers
267 views

Formalism for moving from a metric space into a vector space for mathematical/statistical modeling given a data

I have a metric space $(X,d)$. I have a physical situation (data) where each physical entity corresponds to an $x \in X$. I want to do some mathematical/statistical modeling of this data, but the ...
Rajesh D's user avatar
  • 698
2 votes
0 answers
161 views

Improving a bound from Taylor's Theorem

For this problem, suppose $g:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ is such that $g\in\mathcal{C}^{k}(\mathbb{R})$, and there exists $\epsilon>0$ such that \begin{align*} \epsilon<|g^{(k)}(x)|<\...
James Murphy's user avatar
3 votes
2 answers
135 views

series representation of bivariate functions

Given a bivariate function $f(x, y)$ with $x \in [-a,a]$ and $y \in [-b, b]$, what is the necessary and sufficient condition under which we can write $f(x, y) = \sum g_k(x)h_k(y)$ for all $(x,y)$ in ...
Chao's user avatar
  • 53
3 votes
1 answer
97 views

Number of small projections

Suppose $X$ is a finite subset of the plane and for $0\leq \theta<\pi$, let $l_\theta$ denote the line through the origin having angle $\theta$ with the positive $x$-axis. For how many values of $\...
brando's user avatar
  • 133
3 votes
1 answer
2k views

Is the space of test functions separable? [closed]

Consider the space $\mathcal D(\mathbb{R}^n)$ of smooth functions (in the sense of having continuous derivatives of all orders) which are compactly supported. Endow it with its usual topology, i.e., ...
user45560's user avatar
2 votes
3 answers
3k views

dual space of a subspace of the space of bounded measures

Let $\mathcal{M}=\mathcal{M}(\mathbb{R})$ be the space of bounded measures. Equipped with the weak convergence, the dual space of $\mathcal{M}$ is $\mathcal{C}_b(\mathbb{R})$ consisting of continuous ...
CodeGolf's user avatar
  • 1,835
10 votes
3 answers
2k views

The intersection of $n$ cylinders in $3$-dimensional space

A standard question in vector calculus is to calculate the volume of the shape carved out by the intersection of $2$ or $3$ perpendicular cylinders of radius $1$ in three dimensional space. Such ...
Eric Naslund's user avatar
  • 11.4k
9 votes
1 answer
224 views

Is it always possible to "encircle" exactly $n$ points in an infinite subset of $\mathbb{R}^d$ without limit points?

Let $d$ be a positive integer, and let $\mathbb{R}^d$ be endowed with the Euclidean metric. Given an infinite set $S \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ without limit points and a positive integer $n$, is there ...
Stefan Kohl's user avatar
  • 19.6k
1 vote
1 answer
163 views

Pohozaev result for equations with weights

I am interested in nonnegative solutions of $-div( e^{-\gamma(x)} \nabla u(x)) = e^{-\gamma(x)} u(x)^p$ in $\Omega$ with $ u=0$ on $ \partial \Omega$. Or instead the equation $ -\Delta u + \...
Craig's user avatar
  • 539
4 votes
1 answer
465 views

Julia sets without Montel's theorem

Let $J(c)$ be the Julia set of $f(z)=z^2 +c$ defined as the closure of repelling periodic orbits. Is there a way to prove that $J(c)$ is the boundary of the basin of attraction of attractive fix ...
Jörg Neunhäuserer's user avatar
5 votes
1 answer
279 views

A problem on the boundedness of maximal operator by using linearization method

We know that the maximal operator is bounded on $L^{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ where $n\geq 1$ and $1<p<\infty$ and the proof would be contained in many classical harmonic analysis books. Here I find a ...
Wangt Fei's user avatar
  • 333
19 votes
5 answers
1k views

Floors of powers of reals, how much do the first few determine the next?

Call an integer sequence $\mathbf{x}=\left( x_1,x_2,\cdots \right)$ feasible if it is $f(r)=\left(\lfloor r \rfloor, \lfloor r^2 \rfloor, \lfloor r^3 \rfloor, \ldots, \lfloor r^n \rfloor, \ldots \...
Aaron Meyerowitz's user avatar
6 votes
1 answer
218 views

Approximating an iteratively defined function

Let $f_0,f_1,\ldots$ be a sequence of functions $f_n : [0,1] \rightarrow R$ defined as follows: $$f_0(x) =1+2x$$ $$f_{n}(x) := \left\{\frac{5+t}{2} : \text{ where t solves } f_{n-1}\left(\frac{x}{t}...
Mark Lewko's user avatar
12 votes
1 answer
991 views

The geometric-mean factorial

Think of the factorial as $f(n) = n \odot (n-1) \odot \cdots \odot 2 \odot 1$, where $\odot$ is the binary operator for multiplication, $\cdot$. This suggests exploring replacing $\odot$ with other ...
Joseph O'Rourke's user avatar
12 votes
4 answers
831 views

Relating the roots of polynomials to the solution sets of certain functional equations

Consider a functional equation of the following form: $$\sum_{k=0}^n a_k\,\underbrace{f(f(\cdots f}_{k}(x)\cdots )=0\quad \big(f:\,\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R},\;a_i\in \mathbb{R},\;\text{and}\;f^0=\text{...
ocg's user avatar
  • 453
49 votes
2 answers
3k views

Is a function with nowhere vanishing derivatives analytic?

My question is the following: Let $f\in C^\infty(a,b)$, such that $f^{(n)}(x)\ne 0$, for every $n\in\mathbb N$, and every $x\in (a,b)$. Does that imply that $f$ is real analytic? EDIT. According to a ...
smyrlis's user avatar
  • 2,933
18 votes
2 answers
2k views

Generalization of Darboux's Theorem

Darboux's Theorem. If $f:[a,b]\to\mathbb R$ is differentiable and $f'(a)<\xi<f'(b)$, then there exists a $c\in (a,b)$, such that $\,f'(c)=\xi$. Does any of the following generalizations Let $U\...
smyrlis's user avatar
  • 2,933
7 votes
2 answers
2k views

Does anyone know what is the right reference for the following simple lemma from harmonic analysis?

The lemma says that given $\lambda\geq 1$, $p\geq 1$, $a_j\geq 0$, for a collection of balls $\{B_j\}_{j\in\mathbb{N}}$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$, it holds $$\bigg\|\sum_j a_j\chi_{\lambda B_j}\bigg\|_p\leq C(...
Changyu Guo's user avatar
  • 1,881
1 vote
1 answer
100 views

Estimating a quantity from an estimate in its integral

I am reading a paper in which the following argument is made. We have two positive real valued functions $f(x)$ and $g(x)$. We know that $$\int_0^x \int_0^y f(z) \ dz \ dy \leq g(x).$$ It is then ...
dave's user avatar
  • 13
13 votes
2 answers
2k views

An alternative proof of the Łojasiewicz inequality

Is there a "brute force proof" of the Łojasiewicz inequality? By "brute force" I mean a proof without introducing the machinery of semianalytic sets and so on but only using elementary results (i.e., ...
Italo's user avatar
  • 1,727
33 votes
5 answers
12k views

Differentiable functions with discontinuous derivatives

For years I've taught my honors calculus students about functions like (the continuous extension of) $x^2 \sin 1/x$, and for just as many years I've told them that they won't encounter functions like ...
James Propp's user avatar
  • 19.7k
1 vote
1 answer
289 views

Compactly supported smooth function with Laplace transform bounded on a cone

My question is if it is possible to find a compactly supported smooth function $\varphi:\mathbf{R}\to \mathbf{R}$ s.t. the following integration $\int_{\mathbf{R}}\varphi(t)e^{itx}e^{tx}dt$ stays ...
Shaoming's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
184 views

A bound for a product in BMO

The question: Let's consider $f\in L^\infty(\mathbb{T})$ and $g\in BMO(\mathbb{T})$. I'm trying to figure out if the following inequality is true $$ \|fg\|_{BMO}\leq C\|f\|_{L^\infty}\|g\|_{BMO}. $$ ...
guacho's user avatar
  • 843
1 vote
1 answer
715 views

Quantitative version of of Riemann Lebesgue Lemma

I'm wondering if there exists a "Quantitative version of of Riemann Lebesgue Lemma" at least for the following case $ \int_{1}^{\infty}F(t)e^{-2\pi i wt}dt $ where $F(t)$ is a Piecewise cont. ...
Yıldırım A.'s user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
90 views

Expressions in "continued" monotone functions

Recall continued fractions: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continued_fraction Now take a look at this question: https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/601846/the-limit-of-displaystyle-lim-n-to-infty-...
Michael's user avatar
  • 2,205
3 votes
0 answers
314 views

Is a particular set of polynomials dense in a set of functions?

Let us consider the set $\mathcal{F}$ of strictly increasing continuous functions from $[0;1]$ on $[0,1]$ that cancel in $0$ and are equal to $1$ in $1$. So, if $f\in \mathcal{F}$ one has $f(0)=0$ and ...
Didier's user avatar
  • 31
9 votes
2 answers
1k views

Is there a differentiable but nonsmooth version of the continuous Implicit Function Theorem?

From the result discussed in Does the inverse function theorem hold for everywhere differentiable maps? (which I'll call the differentiable nonsmooth Inverse Function Theorem) one can obtain a ...
Bruce Blackadar's user avatar
2 votes
1 answer
951 views

A special case of the Divergence theorem

I am interested in the following statement: Let $F$ be a vector field in $\mathbb{R}^n$ that is $C^1$-smooth in a domain $U$, continuous up to the boundary $\partial U$, and vanishing on $\...
Pietro Poggi-Corradini's user avatar
0 votes
0 answers
45 views

compactness related to some distance defined on the space of increasing functions2

Let $I=[0,1]$ and denote by $C^{+}(I)$ the space of continuous increasing functions. Can we find a distance $d$ for $C^+(I)$ such that the set of the form $$d(f,g)\rightarrow 0\Longrightarrow f(1)\...
CodeGolf's user avatar
  • 1,835
6 votes
0 answers
2k views

Are planar Lipschitz curves countable unions of graphs?

More precisely: Question: Let $\gamma \colon [0,1] \to \mathbb{R}^2$ be Lipschitz. Do there exist Borel (or Suslin) sets $A_i \subset \mathbb{R}^2$ and directions $v_i \in \mathbb{R}^2$, for ...
Tapio Rajala's user avatar
  • 3,270
6 votes
1 answer
380 views

Asymptotic value of a multivariate integral

The following question is a simple case of a type of problem that occurs in combinatorial enumeration problems. Define $$F(x_1,\ldots,x_n) = \frac{1}{(2\pi)^{n/2}}\exp\biggl( -\frac12\sum_{j=1}^n ...
Brendan McKay's user avatar
5 votes
1 answer
893 views

Isolated critical points

Is the following statement true or false? Let $f:U\subset{\bf R}^n\to{\bf R}$ be a $C^2$-function (or $C^k$, with $k>2$; or real analytic) defined in a neighborhood $U$ of $0$. Assume that $0$ is ...
Paolo Piccione's user avatar
5 votes
1 answer
857 views

Hausdorff metric on C[0,1]

Let us consider $C[0,1]$, the space of continuous functions $f\colon [0,1] \to \mathbb{R}$. It comes usually with the metric of the maximum, or of the supremum, $d_{L^{\infty}}$. Each element $f$ in $...
calc's user avatar
  • 283
27 votes
2 answers
1k views

Continuous functions $f$ with $f(A)$ linearly independent when $A$ is independent

Is there any characterization of continuous functions $f : \Bbb{R}\longrightarrow \Bbb{R}$ such that for any linearly independent set $A$ (over the rationals) $f(A)$ is also linearly independent ?
M92's user avatar
  • 447

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