All Questions
10,828 questions
7
votes
2
answers
641
views
Decay of solutions to Schrodinger equation with local minimum in potential
Consider the one-dimensional Schrodinger operator on the real line $\mathbb{R}$ given by
$$ L = - \partial_x^2 + V $$
where $V$ is a potential with the following properties:
$V$ is non-negative, and ...
- 39.1k
7
votes
1
answer
789
views
Subadditivity of the square root for matrices
For positive numbers $a$ and $b$ we have the inequality $\sqrt{a+b} \leqslant \sqrt{a} + \sqrt{b}$. Is it true that the same holds if we take $a$ and $b$ to be positive semidefinite matrices?
If not, ...
- 5,005
7
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Triangle inequality for $L^1$-norm with respect to a state
It is well-known that the naive construction of non-commutative $L^p$-spaces is performed only in tracial case. I would like to know if it is really a necessity.
To wit, let $\varphi$ be a normal ...
- 5,005
7
votes
2
answers
469
views
Eigenstates of Fourier transformation
Let $\gamma$ be defined on $\mathbb R^n$ by $\gamma (x)=e^{-π x^2}$. With $\mathcal F$ standing for the Fourier transformation defined on the Schwartz space by
$$
(\mathcal F u)(\xi)=\int e^{-2iπ x\...
- 16.2k
7
votes
1
answer
411
views
Banach spaces with no reflexive complemented subspaces
If $X$ is a Banach space with the Dunford Pettis Property (DPP), then no infinite reflexive subspace can be complemented. Suppose now that the Banach space has the property, that no infinite reflexive ...
- 149
7
votes
2
answers
2k
views
What functions can be obtained as a convolution of a Schwartz function and a tempered distribution?
Let $\mathcal S (\mathbb R)$ denote the space of Schwartz functions on $\mathbb R$ and $\mathcal S^* (\mathbb R)$ denote the dual space of Schwartz (a.k.a tempered) distributions.
We consider $\...
- 2,649
7
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Exactness of completed tensor product of nuclear spaces
Let $0 \to V \to W \to L \to 0$ be a strict short exact sequence
of (complete) nuclear spaces, i.e. it is a short exact sequence of
(complete) nuclear spaces, all the maps are continuous, the map $...
- 2,649
7
votes
1
answer
2k
views
On the Paley-Wiener theorem
Is there any even Schwartz function whose restriction to $[0,\infty)$ is monotone and whose Fourier transform is compactly supported? In other words, is there any entire analytic function satisfying ...
- 329
7
votes
1
answer
773
views
Equivalent metrics on Fréchet spaces and Lipschitz maps
Lipschitz maps are defined over metric space as maps $f:(X,d_X) \to (Y,d_Y)$ such that
$$ d\left( f(x),f(x^\prime) \right)_Y \le k d(x,x^\prime)_X \ \forall x,x^\prime \in X, $$
where $k$ is a ...
- 399
7
votes
1
answer
823
views
On a decomposition of L^1(G)
[EDITED by Y. Choi - I have attempted to paraphrase the original question into something a bit terser and more precise; if this is not what the original poster intended, they should make corrections ...
- 643
7
votes
1
answer
737
views
Question about projections on a Hilbert space
Sorry for the vague title, I can't think of a better one that isn't overly long.
Suppose that $S$ is a commuting set of projection operators on a Hilbert space. I'll introduce the following notation: ...
- 391
7
votes
2
answers
2k
views
What is the "Krein-Milman theorem for cones"?
Update: The question is completely answered. I had overlooked a reduction to the self-adjoint case, and the latter can be proved using a Hahn-Banach separation theorem. Thanks to Matthew Daws for ...
- 7,329
7
votes
2
answers
684
views
Yet more on distortion
I would like to elaborate a little bit on my previous question which can be found
here.
Firstly, let me recall that a separable Banach space $(X, \| \cdot \|)$ is said to be
arbitrarily distortable ...
- 576
7
votes
1
answer
253
views
Does a Banach algebra version of "the sum of a closed subspace and a finite dimensional subspace is always closed" exist?
In the setting of Banach spaces, it is well know that if $M$ is a closed subspace of a Banach space $X$ and $F$ is a finite dimensional subspace of $X$, then $M+F$ is closed.
Does a Banach algebra ...
- 515
7
votes
1
answer
184
views
Functional calculus on the Schwartz space instead of $L^2$?
As far as I know, functional calculus is typically carried out on Hilbert spaces with (possibly unbounded) self-adjoint operators.
However, I wonder if there is a way to do it on the space of test ...
- 3,477
7
votes
1
answer
185
views
Question on ODE involving mollifiers from Taylor's book on PDEs
In Taylor's third book on PDEs chapter 16, the author discusses quasilinear symmetric hyperbolic systems of the form
$$\partial_{t}u=A^{k}(t,x,u)\partial_{k}u+g(t,x,u)$$
with some initial condition $u(...
- 1,171
7
votes
2
answers
320
views
Uniqueness of left-invariant Borel probability measure on compact groups
On a compact topological group, consider two left-invariant probability measures $\mu$ and $\nu$ defined on the Borel sigma-algebra. Is it true that they coincide?
It is classical that the Haar ...
7
votes
1
answer
246
views
A notion of restricted injectivity for Banach spaces
I apologize in advance if this is well-known.
Let $X$ be a Banach space. Let's call only for this post that $X$ is self-injective if for every closed subspaces
\begin{equation}
A\subseteq B\subseteq X ...
- 2,605
7
votes
1
answer
253
views
Are all quasi-regular points on Polish spaces generic points?
Let $X$ be a Polish space and $T\colon X\to X$ be a continuous map. We say that a point $x\in X$ is quasi-regular if for every bounded continous function $\varphi\colon X\to\mathbb{R}$ the sequence $...
- 1,658
7
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Reference request: norm topology vs. probabilist's weak topology on measures
Let $(X,d)$ be a metric space and $\mathcal{M}(X)$ be the space of regular (e.g. Radon) measures on $X$. There are two standard topologies on $\mathcal{M}(X)$: The (probabilist's) weak topology and ...
- 710
7
votes
1
answer
393
views
On norming weakly$^*$ sequences in the dual of the Banach space $c_0$
A bounded subset $B$ of the dual $X^*$ of a Banach space $X$ is called norming if the formula $\|x\|:=\sup\{|x^*(x)|:x^*\in B\}$ determines an equivalent norm on $X$.
Observe that the sequence $(e_n^*...
- 42k
7
votes
1
answer
543
views
Is the following set convex or not?
Let $(E, \langle\cdot\;, \;\cdot\rangle)$ be a complex Hilbert space. Let $T\in\mathcal{L}(E)$ and $M\in \mathcal{L}(E)^+$.
Assume that $T(ker(M))\nsubseteq ker(M)$. We define the following subset:
...
- 724
7
votes
1
answer
207
views
Convex Hull of univalent functions and Bieberbach Conjecture
Consider the class $S$ of univalent functions on the unit disk $D$ normalized so that $f(0)=0$ and $f'(0)=1$.
Each function in $S$ satisfy the Bieberbach conjecture, that is the $n$-th coefficient in ...
- 185
7
votes
1
answer
450
views
Can we extend a multiplicative linear functional of a closed left ideal on whole of the algebra?
Let B be a closed left ideal of a Banach algebra A. Also, B has a right approximate identity (in B).
If g is a nonzero multiplicative linear functional on B, can we always extend g to a ...
- 91
7
votes
2
answers
985
views
Fractional Laplacian and stereographic projection
The ordinary Laplacian on $\mathbb{R}^N$ behaves nicely under a stereographic projection onto $\mathbb{S}^N\setminus\{P\}$. (Here $P$ is either the north or south pole of the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^N$...
- 692
7
votes
1
answer
2k
views
van der Corput lemma for oscillatory integrals
My question is about the van der Corput lemma for
$$
\int_a^b e^{i t \phi(x)} \psi(x) dx
$$
The version you find everywhere, e.g. on
http://www.tricki.org/article/...
- 211
7
votes
1
answer
4k
views
Smoothing L1 norm, Huber vs Conjugate
I'm trying to minimize a convex (not necessarily strictly convex) function involving an L1 norm (similar to lasso), which makes it non-differentiable at some points. So I'd like to smooth it and treat ...
- 205
7
votes
1
answer
4k
views
Functional/variational derivative and the Leibniz rule
I am currently trying to understand the BV-formalism, which makes heavy use of the functional derivative.
Let us consider the functional derivative, as defined in for example its Wikipedia article.
...
- 515
7
votes
1
answer
588
views
A characterization of Lagrange multiplier. Where to find a proof?
Let $F,G\in C^1(\mathbb{R}^n,\mathbb{R})$. Assume for
$s\in(s_0-\varepsilon,s_0+\varepsilon)$,
\begin{align}
E(s) = \min F\quad\mbox{subject to}\quad G=s
\end{align}
is achieved at some $x(s)\in\...
- 305
7
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Heat kernel estimates and Gaussian estimates for semigroups, good reference?
Hi, it seems like a big field and I'm having trouble getting some solid/classic references to get me started.
If $U \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ is a bounded domain with, say, $C^2$-boundary $\partial U$ ...
7
votes
1
answer
577
views
Are the compact and Haagerup approximation properties equivalent?
The following essentially implies the equivalence of Anantharaman-Delaroche's compact approximation property (page 337 of Link) and the Haagerup approximation property.
Let $M$ be a type ${II}_{1}$ ...
- 7,067
7
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Banach spaces with a certain separability property
In Ledoux and Talagrand's "Probability in Banach Spaces", for technical reasons they frequently assume that a Banach space $B$ has the property that the unit ball of $B^*$ contains a countable subset $...
- 11.4k
7
votes
3
answers
2k
views
What are some interesting sequences of functions for thinking about types of convergence?
I'm thinking about the basic types of convergence for sequences of functions: convergence in measure, almost uniform convergence, convergence in Lp and point wise almost everywhere convergence. I'm ...
7
votes
1
answer
334
views
Extremal problem for 2-dimensional lattices
Given a lattice $L$ in a Banach space $(B,\|\;\|)$, one denotes by $\lambda_1(L)$ the least norm of a nonzero element in $L$, and by $\lambda_k$ the least $\lambda$ such that there is a linearly ...
- 16.6k
7
votes
2
answers
434
views
Vector measures as metric currents
Currents in metric spaces were introduced by Ambrosio and Kirchheim in 2000 as a generalization of currents in euclidean spaces. Very roughly, a principle idea is to replace smooth test functions (and ...
- 16.5k
7
votes
1
answer
668
views
Weak star closure of unit sphere in dual space
Let $X$ be a normed vector space with its dual $X^*$. Let $S^*$ be the unit sphere of $X^*$. We have known that if $X$ (or $X^*$ ) is reflexive then the weak-star and weak topology of $X^*$ coincide ...
- 193
7
votes
1
answer
284
views
Does every infinite-dimensional Banach algebra contain an infinite-dimensional subalgebra with second-countable primitive ideal space?
Let $A$ be an infinite dimensional Banach algebra. Even if separable the primitive ideal space of $A$ need not be second-countable when endowed with the hull-kernel topology. Can we at least find an ...
- 11.3k
7
votes
1
answer
1k
views
An alternate definition of Sobolev space $W^{1,p}(\Omega)$ when $1<p\leq\infty$ and consequences
Suppose that we define the Sobolev space $W^{1,p}(\Omega)$ with $1<p\leq \infty$, where $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^d$ ($d\geq 1$) is an open set (not necessarily bounded), in the following manner.
...
- 597
7
votes
1
answer
532
views
Almost commuting matrices, one a projection, is there a nearby projection that commutes?
Suppose that $P, A, Q \in \mathbb{M}^{n \times n}(\mathbb{R})$ (I'm still interested if it must be done over $\mathbb{C}$), (EDIT:) suppose that $A$ is given, $P$ is an orthogonal projection, and $\...
- 393
7
votes
1
answer
299
views
Spaces of solutions to algebraic linear differential equations
What is the name of the function space formed by solutions to algebraic linear differential equations? Where can I find a discussion of its properties?
By an algebraic linear differential equation I ...
- 1,267
7
votes
2
answers
304
views
Existence of $f \in L^2(\Bbb R^n)$ with $f=g_1$ on $E$ and $\mathscr{F}(f)=g_2$ on $F$
The question has been posted here but had no response.
Question:
Suppose $E,F$ subsets of $\Bbb R^n$ have finite measure. Show that for any $g_1,g_2 \in L^2(\Bbb R^n)$ there exists $f \in L^2(\Bbb R^...
- 79
7
votes
1
answer
210
views
$GL_1(\mathcal{E}'(\mathbb{R}))$ open in $\mathcal{E}'(\mathbb{R})$?
Let $\mathcal{E}'(\mathbb{R})$ be algebra of all compactly supported distributions on $\mathbb{R}$, equipped with the strong dual topology $\beta(\mathcal{E}',\mathcal{E})$, and with the usual ...
- 73
7
votes
1
answer
197
views
Limit case of Sobolev space in $1$-D
This might look too an elementary question, but I am confined and is not able to find a textbook which answers the following question.
I have a function $f:{\mathbb R}\rightarrow{\mathbb R}$, such ...
- 52.3k
7
votes
1
answer
340
views
Why is the definition of von Neumann trace independent of the choice of the Hilbert space?
A Hilbert module defined in "L^2-invariants: theory and applications to geometry and K-theory", Springer-Verlag, 2002, by W. Lück:
A Hilbert $\mathcal N(G)$-module $V$ is a Hilbert space $V$ ...
- 2,118
7
votes
1
answer
311
views
Almost orthonormal projection and orthonormal projection in Hilbert space
Let $(e_i)_i$ be a family of vectors in a Hilbert space being almost orthonormal but not quite, i.e.
$$\langle e_i, e_j \rangle \approx \delta_{i,j} + \alpha e^{-\vert i-j \vert} $$
and $\alpha$ is ...
- 71
7
votes
1
answer
245
views
Lower estimate of the minimal eigenvalue of a Hamiltonian
Consider a linear operator $H\colon L^2(\mathbb{R}^3)\to L^2(\mathbb{R}^3)$ given by
$$H(\psi)(x):=-\Delta\psi(x)+V(x)\cdot \psi(x),$$
where $V\colon \mathbb{R}^3\to \mathbb{R}$ is a continuous (or ...
- 21.8k
7
votes
1
answer
201
views
A Question on Graph Limits
I have a somewhat technical question about the concept of graph limits:
Suppose that $G_n$ is a sequence of labelled, simple, unweighted graphs, and let $W_n$ denote the graphon of $G_n$ (i.e. $W_n(x,...
- 367
7
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Schauder basis $L^p(\mathbb{R})$
Let $\{e_{n}(x)\}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ be orthnormal basis of Hilbert space $L^2(\mathbb{R})$. If $\{e_{n}(x)\}_{n=0}^{\infty} \subset L^p(\mathbb{R})$ for some $p\geq 1$, is the $\{e_{n}(x)\}_{n=0}^{\...
- 259
7
votes
1
answer
814
views
An equivalent condition for separability of $X^*$
Let $X$ be a Banach space. By the weak operator topology on $B(X)$, we mean the locally convex topology implemented by the following semi-norms:
$$B(X)\to[0,\infty) : T\to|\langle Tx,x^*\rangle|$$
...
- 4,058
7
votes
1
answer
488
views
Examples of the large sieve inequality where a constant larger than 1 is needed
Let $S(x) = \sum_{n=0}^{N-1} a_n e^{2 \pi i n x}$ be a trigonometric polynomial of length $N$. The analytic/harmonic large sieve inequality in its sharpest form states that
$$ \sum_{r=1}^R |S(x_r)|^2 ...
- 13k