Questions tagged [duality]
Use for questions regarding duality of mathematical object, i.e. dual spaces, objects with two possible interpretations etc.
312 questions
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On the dimension of the dual variety of a singular hypersurface
I was primarily interested in the following question. Let $n\geq 3$, and let $X\subset \mathbb{P}^n$ be a degree $d$ hypersurface. Assume that its singularity locus $S$ (with reduced structure) is ...
- 287
2
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1
answer
512
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Grothendieck duality for resolution of singularities
I would like to know a reference for Grothendieck duality in a resolution of singularities. More precisely, let $Y$ be a normal, Gorenstein variety with finite quotient singularities, and suppose that ...
- 577
2
votes
1
answer
144
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Representation of the elements of $c_0^\perp$ as integrals over ultrafilters
Let
$$
X=\big\{\varphi\in\ell_\infty^{\,*}(\mathbb N) : \varphi(\{a_n\})=0\,\,\text{whenever $a_n\to 0$}\big\}.
$$
If $\varphi_{\mathscr F}(\{a_n\})$ is the limit of $\{a_n\}$ with respect to the non-...
- 2,933
2
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1
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374
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What is the dual of a pre-injective map?
In [M. Gromov, Endomorphisms of symbolic algebraic varieties, J. Eur. Math.
Soc. (JEMS) 1 (1999), 109–197], Gromov introduces the notion of pre-injective map. Recasting this notion in the setting of ...
- 2,452
2
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0
answers
47
views
Norm density of evaluation functionals in the space of weak$^*$ continuous multilinear functionals on products of dual Banach spaces
Let $K$ be a compact (metrizable) space and let $C(K)$ be the Banach space of continuous real-valued functions on $K$, equipped with the supremum norm. It is then well known that the dual space $C(K)^*...
- 56
2
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1
answer
109
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Dual space and conditions for weak convergence in Orlicz Space not having $\Delta_{2}$ property
I am interested in conditions for weak convergence on Orlicz spaces where the corresponding Young function, $\Phi:[0,\infty) \rightarrow [0,\infty)$, does not have the $\Delta_{2}$ condition, i.e. ...
- 21
2
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0
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270
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Proof of Remark 6.14(b) of Milne's Arithmetic duality theorems'
Let $E/\mathbb{Q}$ be an elliptic curve.Let $\operatorname{Sha}(E/\Bbb{Q})$ be a Tate-Shafarevich group.
Milne's 'Arithmetic Duality Theorems' Remark 6.14(b) describe the following exact sequence.
...
- 1,541
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0
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55
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Tangential normal invariant isomorphism
Recently, I was reading the paper "Finite Group Actions on Kervaire Manifold" by Crowley, Hambolton. But I am having problem understanding a definition. Here it is,
In page 15-16 they are ...
2
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0
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157
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Why do von Neumann algebras possess identity?
My starting point is that a von Neumann algebra is a $C^*$-algebra with a predual. The usual approaches to showing the existence of identity involve spectral theory (for approximate identity), but ...
- 433
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147
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Explicit S-duality map
$\DeclareMathOperator{\Th}{Th}$
The Thom space of a closed manifold $M$ ($\Th(M)$) is the $S$-dual to $M_+ (=M \cup \{pt\})$. Let $M$ be embedded in $\mathbf R^{n+k}$. I found the duality map from $S^...
2
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0
answers
94
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Is it possible to deduce Poincaré duality from duality of polytopes?
I'm having trouble understanding Poincaré duality, as it seems unmotivated. Here for instance:
https://math.stackexchange.com/a/14469/454016
Poincaré duality is explained through a duality of ...
2
votes
1
answer
882
views
Interpreting mincost flow dual variables
Consider the task of finding flow of size $b$ with minimum possible cost.
It may be formulated as linear programming in a following way:
$$\boxed{\begin{gather}
\min\limits_{f_{ij} \in \mathbb R} &...
- 1,171
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0
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124
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Heap torsors and dual objects
Suppose that $G$ is a group and $P:G\rightarrow G$ is a permutation of $G$. We would now like to apply a forgetful functor to the algebra $(G,\cdot,P,^{-1},e)$. Whenever $g\in G$, let $gP$ be the ...
2
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0
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96
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Evolution PDE in dual space : Generalization of a result of Gelfand
The following result is proved in "Generalized functions", Volume 3, Chapter 2.2 by Gelfand :
Let $\Phi$ be a Fréchet space with dual space $\Phi'$ endowed with the weak topology. For ...
- 233
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212
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Effect of dualization of density
Let $D\subset X$ be a dense subset of a complete separable locally convex space $X$ over $\mathbb{R}$. Though the question seems simple enough, I can't seem to find the answer in the literature:
If $...
- 109
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309
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Maxwell $U(1)$ gauge theory's electric and magnetic sources turned on simultaneously in the classical differential geometry
Question:
How do we couple $U(1)$ electric (E) and magnetic (M) sources simultaneously in the classical differential geometry language, in a $U(1)$ gauge theory based on $U(1)$ gauge bundle and its $U(...
- 10.5k
2
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51
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Conjugate of composition in Bochner spaces
Let $H$ be a separable Hilbert space (of non-zero dimension), let $(\Omega,\Sigma,\mu)$ be a finite measure space, and let $L^2(\mu;H)$ be the Bochner-space $\mu$-integrable $H$-valued functions. ...
2
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110
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A strong duality for convex functional optimization that admits Lipschitz continuity constraints?
Problem Statement
I am looking for formal proof---hopefully textbook material---of two items:
an analogue to Slater's condition [1] that obtains strong duality for optimization of convex functionals; ...
2
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0
answers
43
views
Weak relaxation of a strongly lower semi-continuous functional
Let $F$ be a lower semicontinuous functional on a Banach space $X$, wrt its strong topology. Is there a known form for the relaxation (lower semicontinuous envelope) of $F$ with respect to the weak ...
- 5,405
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166
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Do Poincaré duality algebras need to be defined over a field?
I asked the below question here on MSE, but after some time and a bounty offering I have not received an answer.
A graded commutative, connected $\mathbb{k}$-algebra $A$ is called a Poincaré duality ...
- 208
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66
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Proving the existence of a dual for an infinite linear program
I am concerned with proving the existence of the dual of an infinite linear program. In addition to the writings of Rockafellar, Luenberger, and Boyd & Vandenberghe on: subdifferentials, Legendre-...
- 121
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66
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Reference request: Matroid cryptomorphisms for arbitrary monomial ideals
For a matroid $M$ let $C$ be the circuit ideal of $M$, that is, the Stanley-Reisner ideal of independence complex of $M$. Then there are simple ideal-theoretic operations that take $C$ to the facet ...
- 984
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48
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Nondegenerate linear maps functorially associated to algebras
In the sequel, "$k$-algebra" means "associative unital finite dimensional $k$-algebra.
Apologies for the very long exposition.
If $A$ is a $k$-algebra and $s:A\to k$ is $k$-linear, we say that $s$ ...
- 1,766
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122
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A new topology on the dual of a locally convex space?
Working with the separable quotient problem for locally convex spaces we (with Saak Gabriyelyan) arrived to an interesting topology on the dual of a locally convex space and we would like to know if ...
- 42k
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158
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The dual of the space of continuous sections in a vector bundle
If $X$ is a compact Hausdorff space, one may view the space of complex, continuous functions on it as the space of continuous sections in the trivial Hermitian bundle $X \times \mathbb C$. By the ...
- 5,407
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42
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Dual representation of problems involving $f$-divergences
Studying some problems arising in decision-making under model uncertainty, I'm led to consider the following problems.
Let $\mathbb E_P$ and $\mathbb V_P$ denote the expectation and variance ...
- 6,853
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1
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702
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Duality of Bochner $L^{\infty}$ space
Let's have a look to the unit interval $[0,1]$ and a Banach space $X$ and then to the space
$$
E:=L^{\infty}([0,1],X),
$$
i.e. all essentially bounded Banach-valued functions $f:[0,1]\rightarrow X$. ...
2
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167
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Conditions under which the dual function is self-concordant
Consider the following optimization problem
\begin{align}
\min_{x}&\quad f(x)\\
\nonumber \text{subject to } \quad&h_i(x) = 0,\,i=1,\ldots,m\\
\nonumber \quad&x\in X\subseteq\...
- 179
2
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167
views
Open nature of $\mathcal{H}om$ functor/upper semi-continuity of $\operatorname{Ext}^i$
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field, $T$ a $k$-scheme (can assume connected) and $X$ a projective variety over $k$. Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a coherent (pure) sheaf on $X \times_k T$ flat over $T$. ...
- 1,981
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93
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Do copairings provide dualities in derived categories?
Here is an elementary fact about vector spaces. Let $V,W$ be vector spaces over a field $\mathbb K$ and let $c : \mathbb K \to V \otimes W$ be an element of the tensor product. Then $c$ determines ...
- 54.6k
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128
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Local duality for abelian varieties
Let $A$ be an abelian variety over a p-adic field $K$. Let $I$ be the inertia group of $K$. There is a Yoneda pairing $$H^n(\hat{\mathbb{Z}},A^I) \times Ext^{2-n}_{\hat{\mathbb{Z}}}(A^I,\mathbb{Z}) \...
- 213
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Is the isomorphism between $BMO/\mathbb{R}$ and $(H^1(\mathbb{R}^n))^{\star}$ isometric?
Let $BMO$ the space of bounded mean oscillation functions on $\mathbb{R}^n$ equipped with the Lebesgue measure. If $Q\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ a cube, let $m_Q f$ the average of a function $f\in L^1_{loc}(...
- 1,616
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0
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357
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Reference Request: Algebraic Serre's Duality Theorem for Curves
Serre's Duality Theorem is well known and well studied and, as far as I know, there is a "big" algebraic proof for the general case, which is now kind of standard, and can be found in Hartshorne (...
- 440
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0
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90
views
Poincaré Duality of a quasi-free algebra
I'm completely stumped on this one (yet I feel it is obviously true or obviously false)
If $A$ is a quasi-free algebra, then must it satisfy Poincaré duality?
All i need to find is a protective ...
2
votes
0
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252
views
compact embedding in duals of weighted Sobolev spaces
On the whole space $\mathbb{R}^d$ consider the weight $\omega(x)=\sqrt{1+|x|}$. Under which conditions on $k,q$ is the embedding
$$
L^p(\mathbb{R}^d,\omega(x)dx)\subset\subset (W^{k,q}(\mathbb{R}^d,\...
- 5,380
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0
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319
views
Generalized fourier transform and convolution?
Let $a(t)$ and $b(t)$ be two equal length sequences indexed by time index $t$.
We know that $a(t) * b(t)$ corresponds to $A(\omega) \odot B(\omega)$ in the frequency domain where $A(\omega)$ and $B(\...
- 13.9k
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vote
3
answers
450
views
Smooth affine algebras are Calabi-Yau
Are all smooth affine algebras over a field Calabi-Yau?
I'm thinking yes since they satisfy Van den Bergh duality with dualizing module themselves (have I made a mistake in this reasoning)/
- 27
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3
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483
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Why the preimage rather than image in Stone-type dualities.
I am seeking a deeper understanding of the representation of set-based objects in terms of Boolean algebras.
Let $\wp(A)$ be the set of subsets of a set $A$. A relation $R \subseteq A \times B$ ...
- 378
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1
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214
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Homology of complements and homotopy equivalence
Albrecht Dold gave a short proof of the Jordan-Alexander complement theorem in the following form.
Given two closed sets $A$, $B \subset {\bf R}^n$ that are homeomorphic, the singular homology groups $...
- 18.7k
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1
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120
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Reference request for the isomorphism $H^1(G_{K_v},E)[n]\cong (E(K_v)/nE(K_v))^*$ in the context of Tate-duality
Let $E/K$ be an elliptic curve over a number field $K$. Let $M_K$ be the set of all places of $K$. Let $K_v$ be a completion of $K$ at $v$.
I'm searching for a reference for the statement of the ...
- 1,541
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vote
3
answers
619
views
Given a compact set $K \subset \mathbb{R}^n$, is the space of distributions supported on $K$ the dual of some test function space?
I am aware that the dual of $C^\infty(\mathbb{R}^n)$ is the space of distributions (not necessarily tempered) with compact support.
However, if we fix a compact set $K \subset \mathbb{R}^n$, is the ...
- 3,487
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1
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284
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Poincare duality-differential geometry
Let $ M $ be a smooth and compact manifold with boundary $\partial M = X \times F $ on which the structure of a smooth locally trivial bundle $$ \pi: \partial M \longrightarrow X $$
where the $ X $ ...
- 27
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1
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380
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Duality and Euler paths in graphs
I'm computer scientist and in one of my researches I'm facing this question:
if I have a planar graph that admits an Euler path (i.e. has 0 or 2 odd degree vertices, as Euler's theorem says), then his ...
- 21
1
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1
answer
65
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Reference dual Dirichlet space $D^1$
Let $\mathbb{D} = \{ z \in \mathbb{C} : |z| < 1 \}$ be the unit disk. The Bergman space $A^1 = A^1(\mathbb{D})$ is the Banach space of holomorphic functions on $\mathbb{D}$ such that
$$
\|f\|_{A^1} ...
1
vote
1
answer
97
views
Self-dual hypergraph on $\omega$
Let $H=(V,E)$ be a hypergraph. For $v\in V$ we let $v^* = \{e\in E:v\in e\}$. We define the dual of $H$ by $H^*= (E, V^*)$ where $V^* = \{v^*: v\in V\}$. We say that a $H$ is self-dual if $H \cong H^*$...
- 48.9k
1
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1
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673
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Calculating vertex weights
Vertex weights are a metaphor for a constant value $\pi_i$ that is added to the weight of every edge $e_{ij}$ that is adjacent to vertex $v_i$ in a symmetric graph $G(V,E)$ with weighted edges.
The ...
- 13.2k
1
vote
1
answer
332
views
Dual problem with integrals
I am reading a paper where the author derives the following Lagrangian dual problem :
$\min_v \int_R \frac{1}{4} \frac{\beta^2}{v-2\|x\|}dx+v\;\;\;\text{s.t.}\;\;\;v\geq 2\|x\|\;\;\;\forall x \in R$
...
- 67
1
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1
answer
213
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Cassels Pairing for Fine Selmer groups
Let $S_n$ be the Selmer group of $E/K_n$ where $K_n/K$ is the $n$-th layer of the cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extension of $K$ and $C_n$ be the torsion part of $S_n$.
By Cassels pairing, we know that ...
- 1,283
1
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1
answer
172
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Examples of isomorphic W* algebra with non-homeomorphic weak topology
Due to the uniqueness of the predual, a W* algebra, when realized as a von Neumann algebra in any way, always has a unique, well-defined ultraweak (or $\sigma$-weak) topology. The same can be said ...
- 1,586
1
vote
1
answer
118
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For univariate polynomial is non-negativity on an interval equivalent to having a nonnegative scalar product with non-negative polynomials
Let $\mathbb R_d[t]$ be the set of univariate polynomials in the variable $t$ of degree $d$, and $S$ be the set of elements of $\mathbb R_d[t]$ that are nonnegative on $[0, 1]$. Does the following ...
- 225