All Questions
Tagged with real-analysis fa.functional-analysis
1,447 questions
4
votes
1
answer
277
views
Eigenvalue of a convolution and a restriction?
Let $\epsilon>0$ be small. Let $\eta(t) = \frac{2\epsilon}{\epsilon^2+(2\pi t)^2}$ (the Fourier transform of $x\mapsto e^{-\epsilon |x|}$). Let $V$ be the space of integrable, bounded functions $f:\...
- 20.2k
3
votes
0
answers
91
views
About BMO space on smooth open bounded domain
Let $\Omega$ be any open domain in $\Bbb R^d$.
Define the $\text{BMO}(\Omega)$ space as
$$ \text{BMO}(\Omega)= \big\{u\in L^1_{loc}(\Omega)\,\,:\,\, |u|_{\text{BMO}(\Omega)} <\infty \big\},
$$
...
- 1,101
2
votes
0
answers
227
views
A deceptively simple regularity problem for functions on the plane
By various meanderings and toying with simpler problems, my current research has lead me to the following quite straightforward question, which I am wholly unable to answer:
Consider a twice ...
- 989
2
votes
0
answers
79
views
Function that is (essentially) a self-convolution but not a multiple of a self-convolution
Call a function $F:\mathbb{R}\to C$ nice if it is of the form $F = f\ast \tilde{f}$, where $\tilde{f}(x) = \overline{f(-x)}$. (Of course nice functions are precisely those whose Fourier transform is ...
- 20.2k
0
votes
1
answer
124
views
Holomorphic functions of certain blow up at origin
Suppose that $D=\{z\in \mathbb C\,:\, |z|\leq 1\}$ and let $f$ be holomorphic on $D\setminus\{0\}$ such that $|f(z)|\leq e^{\frac{1}{|z|}}$ for all $0<|z|\leq 1$ and assume additionally that $\lim\...
- 4,143
1
vote
0
answers
146
views
integral over the unit sphere of $\Bbb C^n$
Please, is there a way to calculate this integral
$$\int_{S_{2n-1}} \frac{e^{a \langle z, \zeta \rangle}}{|z - \zeta|^{\beta}} \, d\sigma(\zeta)$$
where $ z $ is a fixed point in the complex unit ball ...
- 521
2
votes
0
answers
194
views
Functions such that the *integral* of the Fourier transform is non-negative?
Let $f:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ be in $L^1$, with its Fourier transform $\widehat{f}$ also in $L^1$. What is a necessary and sufficient condition on $f$ so that
$$\int_{-\infty}^x \widehat{f}(t) dt \...
- 20.2k
2
votes
0
answers
52
views
On distributions and kernels
Let $U\subset\mathbb{R}^{d}$ be an open set and consider $X=\mathbb{R}\times U$. Now, lets consider a smooth (regular) kernel $k_{A}\in C^{\infty}(X\times X)$ and corresponding continuous operator $A:...
- 1,429
1
vote
2
answers
117
views
If $f\in C([0,\infty))$, does $\delta>0$ and $g\in C^1((0,\delta))\cap C([0,\delta])$ s.t. $g\geq f$ on $[0,\delta]$ and $g(0)=f(0)$ exist?
The question is the following:
Suppose $f : [0,\infty) \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ is a continuous function. Can I find $\delta \in (0,\infty)$ and a function $g : [0,\delta] \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ such ...
- 309
1
vote
1
answer
90
views
Sobolev inequality with weight in the case $1<n\leq p$
Assume that $1<n\leq p$. Does there exist a (non-negative) measure $\mu$ (preferably with some positive density function with respect to the Lebesue measure $dx$) and $q>p$ so that for all $f\in ...
- 459
2
votes
0
answers
43
views
Distributions and time-kernels
Let $U\subset\mathbb{R}^{d}$ be an open subset and set $M:=I\times U$, where $I=(a,b)\subset\mathbb{R}$ is some open subset. Lets consider a linear operator $B:C^{\infty}_{c}(M)\to C^{\infty}(M)$ that ...
- 1,429
2
votes
0
answers
90
views
Representation of Dirac-delta distribution in subspace of functions
Suppose I have a subspace $V\subset L^2(\Omega)$ where $\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^d$ is a bounded and closed set. $V$ is defined by
\begin{align}
V=\text{span}(\{\varphi_i(x): i=1,2,\dots,n\})
\end{...
- 93
2
votes
2
answers
154
views
Closure of $C([0,1]^2)$ via weak*-topology [closed]
Let $C([0,1]^2)$ denote the set of continuous functions on $[0,1]^2$. Let $L^1([0,1]^2)$ be the set of all Lebesgue integrable functions on $[0,1]^2$.
The dual space of $C([0,1]^2)$, denoted by $C^*([...
- 349
3
votes
1
answer
220
views
What we know about the function in Fefferman's Theorem
In Fefferman's many papers on Whitney's theorem he, amongst other things, constructs the existence of a smooth function $F$ which extends a function $f$ on a (say) finite set $E\subseteq \mathbb{R}^n$ ...
- 5,405
0
votes
1
answer
231
views
Questions on the compactness of $L_1([0,1]^2)$'s unit sphere
Let $U$ denote the set of functions $f\in L_1([0,1]^2)$ such that $\int f=1$ and $f(x,y)\geq 0: a.e. (x,y)\in [0,1]^2$. Recently in my study I need to study the compactness of $U$. By Riesz's theorem ...
- 349
1
vote
1
answer
157
views
Is finding the CDF from the Laplace transform well-posed?
In my study of Dynamic Light Scattering, I came across the following inverse problem. Let $F(s):[0,T]\rightarrow[0,T]$ be the Laplace transform of a probability distribution $f(t)$ on the real line ...
- 654
1
vote
1
answer
330
views
Does $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{(-1)^n e^{\sin{n}}}{\sqrt{n}}$ converge?
I am trying to study the converge of the series
$$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{(-1)^n e^{\sin{n}}}{\sqrt{n}}$$
But $e^{\sin{n}}$ is not monotone, and the Abel's test rule fails here. Can someone help me? ...
- 287
2
votes
0
answers
191
views
Smoothing property of the heat kernel on the one-dimensional torus
Let $G=G(x,t)$ be the heat kernel on the one-dimensional torus $\mathbb{T}^1,$ with $x \in \mathbb{T}^1$ and $t \in (0,T].$ $G$ is given by \begin{equation}
G(x,t) = (4 \pi t)^{-1/2} \sum_{k \in \...
- 185
0
votes
1
answer
101
views
Limit sequence of regular function in $L_1$‘s unit sphere
Let $U$ denote the set of functions $f\in L_1([0,1]^2)$ such that $\int f=1$. For any $f\in U$, we say it is regular if $\int_{x_0\times [0,1]}f=\int_{[0,1]\times y_0}f=1$ for a.e. every $x_0, y_0\in [...
- 349
0
votes
0
answers
68
views
Family of separable Hilbert spaces over locally compact form a continuous field of Hilbert space?
Let $\{H_{x}\}_{x\in G^{0}}$ be a family of separable Hilbert spaces and $G^{0}$ be a locally compact second countable topological space. Let $\mathbb{B}_{x}$ be the orthonormal basis of $H_{x}$.
If ...
0
votes
0
answers
57
views
Double-periodic functions with (possible) poles
Consider the set of double-periodic function $f:\mathbb C/(\mathbb Z+i \mathbb Z) \setminus \{z_0\} \to \mathbb C$, where $z_0$ is a fixed point inside $\mathbb C/(\mathbb Z+i \mathbb Z),$ that have a ...
-1
votes
1
answer
168
views
Space of distributions on $[0,1]^2$: weakly compact or not?
Let $X_1,X_2$ be distributions on $[0,1]$ and let $X=(X_1,X_2)$ be the joint distribution of $X_1,X_2$. Let $\mathcal{X}$ be the set of all such joint distribution $X$.
Question 1: Does $\mathcal{X}$ ...
- 349
1
vote
0
answers
45
views
Existence of optimal entropic weights for empirical modeling
Let $\mathcal{X} = [0,1]^n$ be the input space and $\mathcal{Y} = \{1, ..., n_c\}$ be a discrete output space. Let $D = \{(x_i, y_i)\}_{i=1}^N \subset \mathcal{X} \times \mathcal{Y}$ be a training ...
- 111
0
votes
0
answers
53
views
Spectral theory of compact operator for quasi-Banach spaces
Let $X$ be a Banach space and let $Y\subset X$ be a quasi-Banach space (with compact inclusion). Suppose $T:X\to X$ is a compact operator such that $1$ is not its eigenvalue and $T|_{Y}:Y\to Y$ is ...
- 938
0
votes
0
answers
122
views
Is there a good or commonly accepted short notation for the set of differentiable, but not necessarily continuously differentiable maps?
Every once in a while I find myself in need of some short notation for the set of differentiable, but not continuously differentiable maps, say, $X \to Y$. Always having to specify "...
- 7,127
0
votes
0
answers
55
views
Compactness and Leray-Schauder degree
What's the relationship between compactness of solutions in partial differential equations (PDEs) and the Leray-Schauder degree?
- 471
2
votes
1
answer
474
views
Polynomial $f(x)$ has positive coefficients and only real roots. How many polynomials formed from terms of $f(x)$ also have only real roots?
Let
$$f(x)=a_n \ x^n+a_{n-1} \ x^{n-1}+\cdots+a_1 \ x+a_0$$
be a $n$-th degree polynomial with positive coefficients such that all of its roots are real. Choose any number terms from this expression ($...
7
votes
0
answers
250
views
Proving this function is convex
Let $C$ be a symmetric positive definite matrix such that $0\leq c_{ij} \leq 1$, $c_{ii}=1$, and define $f$ as $$f(x)=\sum_{i}x_{i}\log(\sum_{j}c_{ij}x_{j})$$ for positive vectors $x$ (in fact let's ...
- 4,049
3
votes
1
answer
187
views
Is this property preserved under weak$^*$ convergence?
Let $1 \le p < n$ and let $p^*$ be the Sobolev conjugate of $p$, i.e. $p^* = np/(n - p)$. Let $(\Omega_m)$ be an increasing sequence of bounded, convex and open sets such that $$ \lim_{m \to \infty}...
2
votes
1
answer
128
views
Density of smooth functions in weighted Sobolev space
Let $\rho(x)=e^{-\phi(x)}$, where $\phi$ is an even polynomial with positive leading coefficient. I am interested in a proof of the fact that the space of smooth compactly supported functions $\...
- 23
1
vote
1
answer
130
views
Existence of solutions to a series of integral equations
I am trying to solve the following integral equation analytically:
$$
\sum_{n \geq 1} \left( \int_0^te^{-n^2(t-s)} f_n(s) \, ds \right) = g(t), \quad t \in [0, T],
$$
where $(f_n(t))_n$ is the unknown ...
- 617
0
votes
0
answers
100
views
Construct a bi-Lipschitz mapping that maps a cube to a ball which has the same center with the cube
A mapping $f: \mathbb{R}^n\to \mathbb{R}^n$ is said to be $K$-bi-Lipschitz, $K>1$, if
\begin{equation*}
\dfrac{1}{K}\leqslant \dfrac{|f(x)-f(y)|}{|x-y|}\leqslant K,
\end{equation*}
for any $x,y\in \...
- 69
2
votes
0
answers
120
views
On mollifiers acting between $L^2$ and Sobolev spaces
(I'm reposting here this question from MSE as it didn't receive any answer for two weeks.)
Consider a sequence of finite lattices in $\mathbb{R}^n$ defined by
$$L_k= [-k,k]^n \cap 2^{-k}\cdot \mathbb{...
- 505
1
vote
2
answers
209
views
Approximate simple function $f$ by a sequence of continuous functions on $\mathbb{R}^d$ such that $\|f_n\|_\infty\leq \|f\|_\infty$
Let $f=\sum_{i=1}^n c_i 1_{\Delta_i}$ be a simple function on $\mathbb{R}^d$, where $c_i\in\mathbb{C}$. Then we can find sequnces of continuous functions $\{f_k^{(i)}\}$ for each $i=1,\ldots,n$ such ...
- 29
3
votes
1
answer
176
views
Question about Lebesgue Bochner spaces
Let $T>0$ and $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^N$ be a bounded domain. Also $p\in (1,\infty)$ is any number.
I know that $u\in L^{p}((0,T);L^p(\Omega))$ and $\nabla u\in L^{p}((0,T);L^p(\Omega))^N$. How ...
- 1,759
4
votes
0
answers
140
views
Condition under a function is uniquely identifiable by the supremum values
Let $f(x),g(x)$ be two real-valued functions on $\mathbb{R}$ and $h(x,y)$ be a real-valued function on the plane. We can assume continuity (maybe piecewise differentiability also) of these functions. ...
- 271
2
votes
1
answer
117
views
Special density on $L^2$
Let $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^N$ be a bounded domain, and $u\in L^2(\Omega)$ with $0\leq u(x)\leq 1$ a.e. on $\Omega$. It is well known that $C^{\infty}_c(\Omega)$ is dense in $L^2(\Omega)$. Because $C^...
- 1,759
10
votes
1
answer
518
views
Inverse function theorem for $W^{2,n}\cap W^{1,\infty}$ functions
Let $n\ge 2$, $f:B_1\subset \mathbb R^n\rightarrow \mathbb R^n$, $f\in W^{2,n}\cap W^{1,\infty}(B_1)$, $\text{det}(Df)>c>0$, where $B_1$ is the unit ball. Can we show that $f$ is a homeomorphism ...
- 435
2
votes
1
answer
118
views
Proving that a polynomial $f(x,y)$ that is unbounded in every direction is bounded below by $1$ outside of a disc of finite radius
This is a follow up from this question.
I have a polynomial function $f(x,y)$ that is unbounded in every direction. In other words, if we choose a direction $(a,b)\in S^1$ and keep moving along the ...
- 765
3
votes
0
answers
167
views
Bounding the $L^{p*}$ norm from below for functions satisfying a $p$-capacity estimate
If $1 \le p < n$, the $p$-capacity of a compact set $A \subset \mathbb{R}^n$ with respect to an open set $U$ containing it is defined as $$\text{Cap}_p(A, U) := \inf \left\{\int_U |\nabla u|^p \, ...
0
votes
0
answers
84
views
Question on approximation of norms
Suppose that $E\in Int[L_{p},L_{q}]$ for some $1<p<q<\infty$ and $E$ is $w$-concave with $1<w<\infty$. It is well-known that for each $r\geq w$, we have $E=L_{r}\odot F_{r}$ for some ...
- 45
23
votes
5
answers
2k
views
PDEs and algebraic varieties
Let $P$ be an order $d$ differential operator with constant coefficients and consider a PDE of the form $Pf = \delta$. Taking the Fourier transform of $P$ we get a degree $d$ polynomial whose zero ...
- 8,998
10
votes
5
answers
2k
views
Extracting a common convergent indexing from an uncountable family of sequences
Let $\mathcal{A}$ be some uncountable index set and $X$ be some separable reflexive Banach space.
For each $\alpha \in \mathcal{A}$, let
\begin{equation}
\{ x_n^{\alpha} \}_{n=1}^\infty
\end{equation}
...
- 3,477
3
votes
1
answer
263
views
Hölder continuity in time of heat semigroup
$
\newcommand{\bR}{\mathbb{R}}
\newcommand{\diff}{\mathop{}\!\mathrm{d}}
$
We fix $\alpha \in (0, 1)$ and $c>0$. Let $\ell : \bR^d \to \bR_+$ be a probability density function such that
$$
\|\ell\|...
- 825
2
votes
0
answers
57
views
Mappings that preserve local or global minimum
In the most general form, I'm interested in any non-trivial results of the following question.
Consider metric space $X$ and $Y$, denote all real valued functions on $X$ and $Y$ as $\mathbb{R}^{X}$ ...
- 275
2
votes
1
answer
211
views
Hölder continuity in time of heat semigroup for regular initial distribution
$
\newcommand{\bR}{\mathbb{R}}
\newcommand{\diff}{\mathop{}\!\mathrm{d}}
$
Let $(p_t)_{t>0}$ be the standard Gaussian heat kernel on $\bR^d$, i.e.,
$$
p_t (x) := \frac{1}{(4 \pi t)^{\frac{d}{2}}} \...
- 825
7
votes
2
answers
178
views
Separating domains in $\mathbb{R}^{2n}$ by a real algebraic variety
Suppose $\Omega_1$ and $\Omega_2$ are two disjoint unbounded domains in $\mathbb{R}^{2n}$, $n \in \mathbb{N}$. Can there be conditions on $\Omega_1$ and $\Omega_2$ so that these two domains can be ...
- 171
1
vote
1
answer
76
views
Proving that a function $f(x,y)$, that is unbounded in every direction, is uniformly bounded below by $1$ outside some disc of large enough radius
I have a smooth function $f(x,y)$ that is unbounded in every direction. In other words, if we choose a direction $(a,b)\in S^1$ and keep moving along the curve $(ta,tb)$, then $$\lim_{t\to\infty}f(ta,...
- 765
5
votes
1
answer
375
views
Looking for a counterexample: Conditioning increases regularity?
Let $p(x,y,z)$ be a joint density (over $\mathbb{R}^3$) under no smoothness or regularity assumptions, besides its existence. I am looking for a (counter)example where $p(y|x)$ is less regular than $p(...
- 51
3
votes
1
answer
198
views
Can gradient zero implies that a function is constant with Hörmander vector fields
Let $X=(X_1,\cdots,X_m)$ be a system of Hörmander vector fields defined on $\mathbb{R}^n$. The Sobolev space $W_{X}^{1,p}(\Omega)$ is defined by
$$W_{X}^{1,p}(\Omega):=\{u\in L^p(\Omega)|X_iu\in L^p(\...
- 561