All Questions
5,629 questions
-2
votes
1
answer
116
views
Is this intergral inequality valid? [closed]
Does the inequality $\int_2^{\infty} \dfrac{\sqrt x(\log x)^3 + (1+ \log x^2) x}{x(\log x)^2(x^2 - 1)} \,\mathrm {d}x > \ln \dfrac{17}{10}$ hold ?
- 53
2
votes
1
answer
169
views
Approximation of the cumulative normal distribution
As is well known, there is no explicit formula for $\int_{-\infty}^\infty step(t−x)\cdot e^{−t^2/2}dt=\int_x^\infty e^{−t^2/2} dt$ for generic $x,$ where $step(z)$ is the step function, $step(z)=1$ ...
- 2,390
5
votes
1
answer
680
views
When does this interesting sum diverge?
For $x \gt 0,$ what is the greatest $y$ such that $$\sum_ {1\le h^x \le k^y} \frac{1}{h^x k^y}= \infty ?$$
I don't know of any references or methods for this -- not even for $x=1$, for which the ...
- 3,443
14
votes
3
answers
878
views
Infinitely many $k$ such that $[a_k,a_{k+1}]>ck^2$
Let $a_n\in \mathbf{N}$ be an infinite sequence such that $\forall i\neq j, a_i\neq a_j$.
I have the following theorem:
For $0<c<\frac{3}{2}$, there are infinitely many $k$ for which $[a_k,...
user79942
3
votes
1
answer
124
views
Injectivity of vector functions: Numerical Verification
Problem Setup
Let $f:A\rightarrow B$, be a continuous function, $A\subset\Re^{n}$,$B\subset\Re^{m}$, $m\geq n$ and $A, B$ compact.
The function $f(\cdot)$ can only be evaluated numerically.
...
- 33
0
votes
1
answer
179
views
Dense subspaces of $L^p(0,T;X)$
Given a Banach space $X$ and $1\leq p<\infty$, let's define the space $L^p(0,T;X)$ as the set of all strongly measurable functions $f:(0,T)\mapsto X$ such that
$$\int_0^T\Vert f\Vert_{X}^pdt<\...
- 1
2
votes
1
answer
99
views
Scaling of distributions
Suppose we have a sequence of $L^1(\mathbb{R})$ functions $p_\epsilon$ with $\|p_\epsilon\|_{L^1} \leq 1$ for all $n$. Suppose we know that $p_\epsilon \to 0$ in distributions. Is it obvious that $\...
- 21
1
vote
1
answer
168
views
Does the Abel transform preserve analyticity?
Let $I=(0,1]$ and $T=\{(x,y)\in I^2;x\geq y\}$.
If functions $f:I\to\mathbb R$ and $w:T\to\mathbb R$ are analytic, is the function $A_wf:I\to\mathbb R$,
$$
A_wf(y)=\int_y^1\frac{f(x)w(x,y)}{\sqrt{x^2-...
- 8,086
1
vote
1
answer
166
views
Question abouth Skorokhod representation of random variables (II)
This is a continuation of
Question abouth Skorokhod representation of random variables
Let $\mu$ and $\nu$ be two probability measures on $\mathbb R$ such that
$$\int_{\mathbb R}|x|^pd\mu(x),~ \...
- 1,835
4
votes
1
answer
161
views
Hellinger integral for the Student/Cauchy family
Let $p$ and $q$ be probability densities on $\mathbb R$, with respect to the Lebesgue measure $dx$. The corresponding Hellinger integral is
$H(p,q):=\int_{\mathbb R}\sqrt{pq}\,dx$.
Let now $p$ be ...
- 128k
4
votes
1
answer
270
views
Compact, not local uniform convergence of sequences of functions on the rationals
I stumbled upon the following elementary problem while trying to come up with a certain counterexample in category theory. (Basically, I am interested in the constant sheaf of $\mathbb F_2$-vector ...
- 15.6k
2
votes
2
answers
762
views
Are the closed and unbounded subsets of $\mathbb{R}$ known up to homeomorphism?
I am currently working on a problem for which this knowledge could greatly reduce the number of cases, but I have yet to find anything after searching online. Are the closed unbounded subsets of $\...
- 131
0
votes
1
answer
94
views
A $W^{1,2}_{loc}$ function with uniformly bounded integrals on compact subsets $W^{1,2}$?
Let $M$ be a Riemannian manifold, $\Omega\subset M$ is an open subset, let $f\in W^{1,2}_{loc}(\Omega)$ with uniformly bounded integrals on compact subset, i.e. there exists a $C>0$, such that for ...
- 109
2
votes
0
answers
150
views
Completion of $C_{0,rad}^{\infty}(\Omega)$ with respect to the norm $\|u\|= \Bigg(\int_{\Omega} |\Delta u |^2 \, \mathrm{d}x \Bigg)^{\frac{1}{2}}. $
I have a question that it seems simple but I can not solve it.
Let $\Omega$ be the unit ball centered at zero in $\mathbb{R}^N$, $N>4$. Assume that $C_{0,rad}^{\infty}(\Omega)$ is the space of all ...
- 371
1
vote
0
answers
102
views
monotonicity of a function
I want to know if the function below is monotonically decreasing for all $a,b >0, a\neq b $
\begin{equation}
x\rightarrow \frac{\sinh^2((a-b)x)}{\sinh(2ax)\sinh(2bx)} \text{, $x >0. $}
\end{...
- 21
6
votes
0
answers
2k
views
Interchange of integral and infimum
Can anyone please suggest how to justify widely used formula for interchange of integral and infimum:
$
\inf_{u(t)\in U}\int_{t_0}^{t_1}g(t,u(t))dt=\int_{t_0}^{t_1}\inf_{u\in U}g(t,u)dt,
$
where $ U\...
- 61
-1
votes
1
answer
63
views
Idempotent solutions to the implict function theorem other than the identity?
I am interested in the following problem. Assume that an (anti)symmetric function $g:\mathbb{R}^2 \to \mathbb{R}$ satisfies the implicit function theorem. That is, $g(x,y) = \pm g(y,x)$ and $g(x,y)=0$ ...
- 1
3
votes
1
answer
304
views
Question abouth Skorokhod representation of random variables
It is known that for any two probability measures $\mu$ and $\nu$ on $\mathbb R$ that are close in the Prokhorov metric $\rho$, i.e.
$$\rho(\mu,\nu)<\varepsilon,$$
then there exist two random ...
- 1,835
6
votes
1
answer
409
views
Can the potential of a complete Kahler metric be bounded?
Let $X$ be a complex manifold and $\omega$ a Kahler form on $X$. A smooth function $\rho$ is called a potential of $\omega$ if $i\partial\bar\partial\rho=\omega$. By intuition, it seems that $\rho$ ...
- 285
2
votes
1
answer
268
views
Monotonicity of the Hellinger integral/distance
Let $p$ and $q$ be probability densities on $\mathbb R$, with respect to the Lebesgue measure $dx$. The corresponding Hellinger integral and distance are
$H(p,q):=\int_{\mathbb R}\sqrt{pq}\,dx$ and $\...
- 128k
3
votes
1
answer
178
views
Majorization of cyclic products
Let $k,m,n\in\mathbb N$ such that $n>k$. For a partition $\alpha=(\alpha_1,\dots,\alpha_k)\vdash m$ with $\alpha_1\ge\dots\ge \alpha_k>0$ and nonnegative $ x_1,\dots,x_n$ define $x^\alpha :=\...
- 13.4k
2
votes
0
answers
125
views
Constant periodic Sobolev embedding
Dear mathoverflowers,
I would like to have a reference regarding the optimal constant in the Sobolev embedding
$$
\|u\|_{L^q}\leq C_{s,q}\|u\|_{\dot{H}^s},
$$
($H^s$ denotes the standard L^2 ...
- 843
4
votes
1
answer
143
views
Mean value of a function associated with continued fractions
Suppose that an irrational $x$ in $(0,1)$ has convergents $c(k,x)$, and let
$$d(x) = \sum_{k=0}^{\infty} \mid x - c(k,x)\mid.$$
What is the mean value of $d$?
- 3,443
4
votes
1
answer
251
views
Superadditivity of the lower density
Let $\mu^\star$ be a real-valued function defined on the power set of the positive integers $\mathbf{N}^+$ such that for all $X,Y\subseteq \mathbf{N}^+$ the following axioms hold:
(F1) $\mu^\star(\...
- 1,511
0
votes
1
answer
557
views
Is the limsup or liminf of n-wise independent events independent?
Let $(\Omega, \mathscr F, \mathbb P)$ be a probability space.
Consider events indexed by $m, n \in \mathbb N$:
$ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ A_{1,n}, A_{2,n}, A_{3,n} ...$ are n-wise independent.
$A_{m,1}...
- 247
9
votes
1
answer
950
views
Sort-of converse of Kolmogorov zero-one theorem
Let $(\Omega, \mathscr F, \mathbb P)$ be a probability space. The Kolmogorov zero-one theorem states that
Suppose we have independent random variables $X_1, X_2, ...$. Then $\forall \ A \in \bigcap_n ...
- 247
1
vote
2
answers
183
views
Convergence of Sobolev functions near the boundary
Let $B_0(1)$ be the unit ball in $\mathbb R^n$, $n\geq2$. Let $f\in W_0^{1,2}(B_0(1))$, and $W^{1,2}(B_0(1))\ni f_i\to f$ in the sense of $L^2(B_0(1))$-norm, as $i\to \infty$.
Question 1: Can we ...
- 169
3
votes
2
answers
432
views
A logarithmic cotangent inequality
I must be a terrible googling searcher but I cannot find a reference to the following inequality:
$$ \forall_{\phi\in(0;\frac \pi 4)}\ \ln(\cot(\phi)))\, <\, \cot(2\!\cdot\!\phi) $$
I have just ...
- 7,500
2
votes
1
answer
101
views
Convergence of energy of Sobolev functions near the boundary
Let $B_0(1)$ be the unit ball in $\mathbb R^n$, $n\geq2$. $h\in W_0^{1,2}(B_0(1))$. For $r\in (0,1)$, define a function $f_r(x):[0,1]\rightarrow \mathbb R$ by
\begin{equation}
f_r(x):=
\begin{cases}
...
- 169
23
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Evaluating an integral using real methods
This is a bit of recreational integration. The following, rather attractive integral is quite straightforward via residues:
$$\int_0^1 x^{-x}(1-x)^{x-1}\sin \pi x\,\mathrm{d}x=\frac{\pi}{e}$$
...
- 453
4
votes
1
answer
388
views
Proofs of inequalities used by Erdos-Renyi in their Random Graphs Paper 1
Please refer to this, it is Erdos-Renyi 1959 paper 1 on Random Graphs. I am currently working on this, but I am stuck on the fifth page, where they use two estimates. More specifically, here's the ...
- 319
2
votes
0
answers
267
views
Error term for Euler-MacLaurin summation formula when applied to infinitely smooth functions?
A function $f(z,x)$ is tempered if all of the following are true:
$f(z, x)$ is infinitely differentiable in $z$
$f(z,x)$ is defined for all $z,x \in \mathbb{R}$
Every derivative of $f(z,x)$ is ...
- 221
8
votes
1
answer
458
views
An interesting integration
For any positive integer $n$, let
$$A_n=\idotsint\limits_{\substack{x_1+\cdots+x_n+y_1+\cdots+y_n\leq1\\x_1,\cdots,x_n,y_1,\cdots,y_n\geq0}}\prod_{i,j=1}^n(x_i-y_j)dx_1\cdots dx_ndy_1\cdots dy_n.$$
It ...
- 1,997
12
votes
1
answer
448
views
An interesting inequality
Let $\mathbb{R}$ be the real field. For any homogeneous polynomial $f(X_1,\cdots,X_n)$ in $\mathbb{R}[X_1,\cdots,X_n]$, we use $S_f(X_1,\cdots,X_n)$ to denote the following homogeneous symmetric ...
- 1,997
11
votes
2
answers
596
views
When does $\nabla\times(\nabla\times F)=0$ imply $\nabla \times F=0$
On a (simply connected) domain $\Omega$ for a smooth vector field $F\colon \Omega \to \mathbb{R}^3$, when does $\nabla\times(\nabla\times F)=0$ imply $\nabla \times F=0$. I know that $n\cdot(\nabla\...
- 435
3
votes
1
answer
68
views
Determine a sign of the limitation of a certain integral
I can't determine a sign of an integral written below and it has hit a dead end.
My setting is rather special.
Let $a\in(0,1)$ be a given constant and $(x_{\varepsilon},y_{\varepsilon})\in[0,a)\times[...
- 201
0
votes
1
answer
696
views
the double dual of "little l one" sequence space
I remember a professor remarking a while back that the double dual of the sequence space $l_1^{\infty}(\mathbb{R})$ is a very complicated space. I understand it must contain a copy of the original ...
- 9
9
votes
3
answers
375
views
Decay of real continuous algebraic functions at infinity
Let $f$ be a real valued continuous algebraic function on $\mathbb R^n$. Suppose the zero set of $f$ is bounded, i.e., if $|x|$ is large enough, $f(x)\neq 0$. Is there any estimate of the sort $|f(x)|\...
- 5,169
1
vote
0
answers
130
views
An analytic family of in fact non-existent improper Riemann integrals
Question:
Are there any useful interpretations or "applications" of the formula
$$\intop_0^\infty e^{-ax}\frac{\sin x}{x}\,dx=\frac{\pi}{2}-\arctan(a)\qquad \forall\;a\in \mathbb{R},
$$
in which the ...
- 1,942
1
vote
0
answers
158
views
On the differentiability of a certain map from $ (0,\infty) $ to $ \Bbb{R} $
This problem arose from my study of energy-conservation for non-linear Schrödinger equations. Suppose that we have the following data:
$ u \in C^{1} \! \left( (0,\infty),{L^{2}}(\Bbb{R}^{n}) \right) $...
- 1,396
2
votes
0
answers
421
views
Derivatives of Minkowski function?
Let $A\subset \mathbb R^n$ and $M$ be the convex hull of the set $A$, e.g., $M:=Conv(A)$. The Minkowski function on $M$ is defined as follows
\begin{align*}
&f: \mathbb R^n \to \mathbb R\\
&f(...
- 51
2
votes
0
answers
65
views
Minimal condition $\sum \rho_{ij} \Psi_{ij} s_i s_j < \sum s_i s_j $, $\mid \rho_{ij} \mid \leq 1$, $s_i \in \mathbb R$ and $\Psi_{ij} \in \{0,1\}$
Consider a sequence of real number $\{s_i\}_{i\leq n}$. Now consider the real numbers $F$, $G$ and $\alpha$ defined below
$$F= \sqrt{ \left( \sum ~\rho_{ij} ~\Psi_{ij}~ s_i ~s_j \right)^+}, $$
$$G = ...
- 123
0
votes
3
answers
125
views
Bounds on derivative of integrable, monotonically decreasing, differentiable functions on $\mathbb R_+$
The following three conditions have shown up as hypotheses in some recent work, and despite not having been able to find an example, we assume the third is not implied by the former two. We're hoping ...
- 311
2
votes
0
answers
108
views
Distributive law
I was wondering whether there is any reference that deals with the distributive law for infinitely many elements, i.e.
$$
\prod_{i\in \mathbb N} \sum_{k\in \mathbb N} \alpha_{i,k} = \sum_{(k_i)_{i\in ...
12
votes
3
answers
440
views
Is a certain subset of the disc a convex set?
Some one asked me this question and I thought about it and I don't have any good idea to solve that. Can some one help me and give me an idea to start solve that?
Draw a Cantor set $C$ on the circle ...
- 221
5
votes
1
answer
481
views
A continuous path between two Sobolev functions
Let $\Omega\subset \mathbb R^N$ be open bounded, smooth boundary. Let $u_1$, $u_2\in H^{1}(\Omega)$ such that $T[u_1]=T[u_2]=T[\omega]$ where $T$ stands for the trace operator and $\omega\in H^1(\...
- 679
-1
votes
1
answer
226
views
separable BV space for PDE's, Whats stopping us? [closed]
Consider the metric space BV(0,1) with the following metric
$$ d(u,v) = \|u-v\|_{L^1} + |TV(u)-TV(v)| $$. It is separable, compact, uniformly bounded and complete. So What is the really obvious thing ...
- 698
1
vote
2
answers
270
views
Fourier transform localisation (still unanswered, but apparently off-topic?) [closed]
In the context of Pólya's theorem I was reading these notes here on p. 19. In the last paragraph the authors claim (it is the sentence starting like "standard Fourier theory shows...") that the ...
- 19
-2
votes
1
answer
80
views
Suppose a real differentiable function with its derivative not infinity, it is sure that its second symmetric derivative should exist? [closed]
Suppose a real differentiable function $h(x)$ with its derivative not infinity, it is sure that its second symmetric derivative $\lim_{\epsilon->0}\frac{h(x+\epsilon)-2h(x)+h(x-\epsilon)}{\epsilon^...
- 39
0
votes
0
answers
471
views
Derivatives of Mollified functions
I'm reading Controlled Diffusion Process by N.V. Krylov. On page 87-88, in the proof of theorem II.6.1, it says the following:
Let $\sigma(t,x)$ be a matrix of dimension $d\times d$, and let $b(t,x)$ ...
- 131