Questions tagged [ap.analysis-of-pdes]
Partial differential equations (PDEs): Existence and uniqueness, regularity, boundary conditions, linear and non-linear operators, stability, soliton theory, integrable PDEs, conservation laws, qualitative dynamics.
4,468 questions
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Nonsmooth version of Hopf boundary point lemma
Let
$$
Lu=-a_{ij}(x)\partial_{ij}u+b_i(x)\partial_i u
$$
be a uniformly elliptic operator, with $A(x)=(a_{ij}(x))$ positive-definite.
Here I'm only considering smooth coefficients, and the domain $\...
- 5,380
1
vote
1
answer
230
views
Why we have $f=0$
Define the Fourier transform for a suitable function $f\in L^1(\Bbb R)$ by $\widehat{f}(\xi)=\int_{\Bbb R}f(x)e^{-ix\xi} dx$.
Assume the condition $$\int_{\Bbb R}\int_{\Bbb R}|\widehat{f}(\xi)f(x)|^...
- 91.8k
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vote
2
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Prove Liouville theorem without using mean value property
How can I prove the following Liouville theorem without using the mean value property?
If $u$ is harmonic on $\mathbb{R}^n$ and $\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}|\nabla u|^2 dx \leq C$ for some $C > 0$, then $...
- 2,155
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3
answers
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Reference or proof of a lemma in PDE
I am looking for a reference or proof of a lemma (if it's true) or a counter-example otherwise. It goes as follows:
Let $B_1$ and $B_2$ are two concentric balls of radius $1$ and $2$ in some $n$-...
- 2,155
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vote
1
answer
224
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Bott-Chern cohomology for singular complex spaces
I'm reading the book 'An Introduction to the Kahler-Ricci Flow' (Lecture Notes in Mathematics 2086). They discuss Bott-Chern cohomology on complex spaces:
Let $X$ be a complex space(i.e. analytic ...
- 9,237
6
votes
2
answers
622
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Forcing the uniqueness of a solution of an ODE
For $n\geq 1$, $f_n\in\mathcal{C}^1([0,1],\mathbb{R})$ such that $f_n(x)\geq\sqrt{x}$ for $x\in[0,1]$, and
$$\lim\limits_{n\to+\infty}\sup_{x\in[0,1]}\big|f_n(x)-\sqrt{x}\big|= 0.$$
Let $y_n$ be the ...
- 3,808
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Nonlinear-PDE arising from flat conformal Chebyshev nets
Consider a flat, simply connected surface endowed with the Riemannian metric $g_0=e^{2\Omega(u,v)}\left(\mathbb{d}^2u +\mathbb{d}^2v \right)$, so that $\Omega(u,v)$ is an arbitrary harmonic function. ...
- 134
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1
answer
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General solution to a n-dimensional partial differential equation
$$
\begin{split}
\frac{\partial}{\partial t}P(x, t)& =\sum\limits_{i<j}^{n}a_{i,j}\,\frac{x_i-x_j}{1-c_i-c_j}\,\bigg(c_i\frac{\partial P}{\partial x_i} - c_j\frac{\partial P}{\partial x_j}\...
- 798
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On the relation between ellipticity and Fredholmness as properties of linear PDE's on Fréchet spaces of smooth sections
Let $M$ be a compact manifold equipped with finite rank vector bundles $E$ and $F$ with spaces of $C^{\infty}$ sections denoted $\Gamma(E)$ and $\Gamma(F)$ respectively. It is standard that a ...
6
votes
1
answer
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Can there be an application of discrete mathematics in PDEs, mainly the ones used in hydrodynamics?
Can there be applications of graph theory, combinatorics etc. in PDEs mainly hydrodynamics?
Tried my luck with Google's search engine, didn't show much info.
I guess you can try to use these features ...
- 10.5k
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0
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$|\partial $ as Fourier multiplier
I have the following nonlinear dispersive PDEs
$$i \partial_t u- \partial_x^2 u =|\partial_x| |u|^2$$
where $f$ is some nice complex-valued function.
I am trying to use the ansatz $u(t,x) = e^{i \...
- 159
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votes
13
answers
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Counterexamples in PDE
Let us compile a list of counterexamples in PDE, similar in spirit to the books Counterexamples in topology and Counterexamples in analysis. Eventually I plan to type up the examples with their ...
- 4,713
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votes
0
answers
106
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What does a Lipschitz barrier imply about boundary regularity of a domain?
Consider the Dirichlet problem for Laplace's equation in a bounded domain $\Omega \subset \mathbb R^n$:
$$
-\Delta u = 0, \quad x \in \Omega,
$$
with $u = \phi$ on $\partial\Omega$, and $\phi$ is ...
- 21
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1
answer
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$C^2$-solution of Lane-Emden equation with positive frequency
Consider the Lane-Emden equation
$$-\Delta u=u^{\frac{d+2}{d-2}} $$
in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with $d\geq 3$ and $u>0$ a positive $C^2$-solution. It is well-known, due to [Caffarelli et al., CPAM '89] that ...
- 333
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votes
1
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Sobolev space is spanned by distributions supported on half-lines?
I asked this question on Mathematics Stack Exchange previously.
This seems to be a very basic property of Sobolev spaces, but I wasn't able to find a proof for it.
For any $s \leq 1/2$,
$$H^s(\mathbb{...
- 24.2k
4
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1
answer
522
views
A text about Schwartz distributions in vector bundles
If $M$ is a smooth manifold, one may talk about the space of test functions $\mathcal D (M)$ and its topological dual $\mathcal D ' (M)$ - the space of Schwartz distributions on $M$.
Now, if $E \to M$ ...
- 21.5k
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0
answers
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Characteristic of Sobolev space generated by Hörmander vector fields
Let $\Omega$ be an open bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ with smooth boundary $\partial\Omega$. Suppose that $X=(X_{1},X_{2},\ldots,X_{m})$ are smooth vector fields defined on $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ and ...
- 12.9k
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votes
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answers
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Examples of chaotic self-similar blowup in PDEs
When the Cauchy problem to a PDE blows up, it can often be analyzed using self-similar variables. In the reference:
Eggers, J., & Fontelos, M. A. (2008). The role of self-similarity in ...
- 177
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votes
1
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Geometric evolution of convex surfaces to a round sphere
Let $𝑀 = 𝑀^2$ be an embedded convex surface in $\mathbb R^3$ and let $𝑁 ∶ 𝑀 → 𝕊^2$ be the Gauss map for $𝑀.$ Let $𝑉_𝑀$ be the area measure on $𝑀$ and $𝑁_∗𝑉_𝑀$ the corresponding pushforward ...
- 2,478
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Gagliardo-Nirenberg type inequality for fractional relativistic Laplacian operator?
In [1], authors note that by the seminal approach of M. Weinstein in [2] and [3], there is a non-trivial solution $Q\in H^s(\mathbb{R})$ which optimizes next Gagliardo-Nirenberg type inequality:
$$\...
4
votes
0
answers
97
views
Linking theorem
In 1978 Rabinowitz obtained the classical "Linking theorem", which is used to solve, for example the classical problem:
$$
\begin{cases}
-\Delta u = \lambda u + |u|^{p-2}u, \Omega \\
u = 0, \...
- 63.9k
2
votes
0
answers
72
views
Semilinear elliptic equations in complex plane
Let $D$ denote the closed unit disk centered at the origin in the complex plane. Let $F: D \times \mathbb C \to \mathbb C$ be a smooth function. Is there any theory for well-posedness (in the sense of ...
- 4,153
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votes
1
answer
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Solvability of general linear PDE with constant coefficients
Let $D\ne 0$ be a linear differential operator with constant coefficients acting on either real or complex valued functions on $\mathbb{R}^n$.
Is it true that the equation $$Du=f$$
is solvable in any ...
- 21.8k
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vote
1
answer
704
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Calculating the eigenvalues of the Laplacian numerically
I am trying to find the eigenvalues of the Laplacian operator, or in other words, solve the Helmholtz equation
$\nabla^2f=\lambda f$
on a compact 2D domain (comes from a quantum mechanics particle-in-...
- 840
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votes
2
answers
1k
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Morse index in PDEs
I have encountered with the term "Morse index" multiple times while reading papers in PDEs (e.g. [1] and [2]). However the definition differs for each context. As far as I know this came ...
- 7,197
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0
answers
47
views
Scaling limit of transport equation with double-well potential
Let us consider the transport PDE
$$
u^\epsilon_t + u^\epsilon_x= -\frac{1}{\epsilon} W'(u^\epsilon)
$$
where $W$ is a double-well potential -- for example, $W(x)=\frac{1}{4}(x^2-1)^2$ so that the PDE ...
- 839
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votes
0
answers
64
views
Scaling limit of ODE with double-well potential
Let us consider the ODE
$$
\frac{d}{dt}x_\epsilon(t) = -\frac{1}{\epsilon} W'(x_\epsilon(t))
$$
where $W$ is a double-well potential -- for example, $W(x)=\frac{1}{4}(x^2-1)^2$ so that the ODE reads
$$...
- 839
5
votes
1
answer
543
views
The principal symbol as an element in the K-theory
This line
The symbol may naturally be thought of as an element in the K-theory
of X
appears in the nLab page on principal symbols for differential operators. What does this mean? Are they talking ...
- 6,813
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votes
0
answers
310
views
PDE obtained while trying to construct a complex structure
Upon reading this answer to this question, the last paragraph mentions the following. "Requiring the [almost complex] structure to be integrable corresponds to a certain PDE for this map." ...
- 1,763
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votes
1
answer
166
views
Relationship between elliptic and parabolic problems and their discretizations
Let us consider the fully nonlinear problem
$$
\begin{cases}
F(x,u,Du,D^2 u) = 0 & \text{ in } \Omega \\
u=0 & \text{ in } \partial \Omega
\end{cases}
$$
Suppose that we know that the ...
CommunityBot
- 1
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votes
1
answer
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views
Simple algorithm to generate a Mondrian "Random Grid"
I was wondering if there is a simple way or algorithm that can generate 2-d grids resembling Mondrian paintings like the boogie woogie grid ( https://nuit-blanche.blogspot.com/2010/12/cs-boogie-woogie-...
- 4,713
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votes
0
answers
480
views
A Fourier elliptic vector field on a Riemannian manifold
Motivation for this question:
Let $X$ be a vector field on a manifold $M$. Obviously the differential operator $D:C^{\infty}(M)\to C^{\infty}(M)$ with $D(f)=X.f$ is not an elliptic opetator when $\...
- 356
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views
Elliptic foliations of the plane
A $1$ dimensional foliation of the plane $\mathbb{R}^2$is called elliptic if it admits a non vanishing smooth tangent vector field $X$ with the following properties:
The differential operator ...
- 356
1
vote
0
answers
180
views
A potential wrong proof of a Lemma
Consider the following lemma: Let $g \in H^s_{x,y}(S)$ where $S = \mathbb{R}^2$ or $S = \mathbb{T}^2$, and $\eta \in C^\infty(\mathbb{R})$, $\operatorname{Supp}(\eta) \subset [-2,2]$, and $\eta \equiv ...
- 159
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views
Control of solutions to nonlinear elliptic equations away from boundary
Let $\Omega$ be a bounded domain in $\mathbb R^3$ with a smooth boundary. Consider a smooth real valued function $F:\overline\Omega \times \mathbb R \to \mathbb R$ with the property that $\partial_s F(...
- 4,153
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votes
1
answer
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views
Understanding the proof of lemma 1.1 from Fisher, Marsden, and Moncrief's paper
The following lemma is from Fisher, Marsden, and Moncrief's paper: the structure of the space of solutions of Einstein's equations:1
1.1. Lemma.
If Ein( $\left.{ }^{(4)} g\right)=0$, and ${ }^{(4)} h$ ...
- 4,713
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votes
0
answers
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A uniqueness result for the Neumann problem for the Laplace equation
Let $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^{3}$ be a $C^{1}$-domain, not necessarily bounded. Consider solutions $\phi : \overline{\Omega} \to \mathbb{R}$, $\phi \in C^{\infty}(\Omega) \cap C^{1}(\overline{\Omega}...
- 351
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Spectral problems with the wrong sign on the Poincaré disk
Let $\mathbb{D}$ denote the open unit disk in $\mathbb{C}$ equipped with the Poincaré metric $g$ of negative scalar curvature $-1$. Denote by $\Delta_g = \mathrm{Tr}_g(\nabla^g d) = - d^{\ast_g} d$ ...
- 63.9k
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votes
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answers
45
views
Polynomial solutions of differential equations vs smooth ones
Let $D_1,D_2$ be two linear differential operators with matrix valued constant (i.e. translation invariant) coefficients on $\mathbb{R}^n$. Assume $D_2\circ D_1=0$, in other words
$$Im(D_1)\subset Ker(...
- 21.8k
1
vote
0
answers
59
views
Identification of a limit point of a sequence of solution of ODE
Let $v^0$ and $v^1$ be the following vector fields over $\big(\mathbb{R}_+^*\big)^3$: for $x\in\big(\mathbb{R}_+^*\big)^3$ and $1\leq i\leq 3$,
\begin{align*}
& v^0_i(x)=x_i(x_{i-1}-x_{i+1}) \\
&...
- 6,045
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votes
1
answer
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views
Dirichlet-to-Neumann map on Lipschitz domains
Let $\Omega$ be a bounded domain with a Lipschitz boundary. Consider the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map $\Lambda:H^{\frac{1}{2}}(\partial \Omega)\to H^{-\frac{1}{2}}(\partial \Omega)$ defined via
$$ \langle ...
- 2,155
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votes
1
answer
251
views
Asymptotic behavior of a double oscillatory integral
Let $0<\theta_1,\theta_2<\pi/2$. Suppose $\psi$ is a smooth real-valued function with compact support.
Consider the oscillatory integral
$$I(t):=\int_{0}^{1}\frac{1}{(y-e^{\dot{\imath}\theta_1})
...
- 128k
3
votes
1
answer
426
views
Regularity of boundary of a level set of a $C^{1,\alpha}$ function
Let $f:\mathbb{R}^2\to\mathbb{R}$ be a $C^{1,\alpha}$ function. Denote $S_C=\{x\in\mathbb{R}^2\mid f(x)=C \}$ the level set of $f$ with value $C$.
What i want to ask is, if $S_C$ is nonempty for some $...
- 5,048
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votes
0
answers
172
views
Illustration of Liouville theorem
In a class, I'll teach the Liouville theorem for harmonic functions with finite Dirichlet integral. What kind of illustrations can I use to elucidate the meaning and proof of the theorem?
Note that a ...
- 5,048
13
votes
3
answers
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views
Can the hyperbolic plane be immersed in three dimensional Euclidean space, if we are only looking for a weak solution?
Consider the following question:
"Can the hyperbolic plane $(\mathbb{R}^2, g_H)$ be isometrically
immersed in three dimensional Eulidean space$(\mathbb{R}^3, g_{flat})$?"
I believe the answer to ...
- 4,713
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votes
0
answers
206
views
Equality of weak solutions for inner products inducing equivalent norms
This is a repost of a now-deleted MSE question that did not get any comments or answers.
$\textbf{Background}$: This question is mainly about two basic questions: How do we systematically obtain the ...
- 153
5
votes
1
answer
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Regular Lagrangian flow for "square root example": $\frac{d}{dt} X(t,x) = \sqrt{X(t,x)}$
Consider the problem
$$(\star) \quad \begin{cases} \frac{d}{dt} X(t,x) = \sqrt{X(t,x)}, &t \in [0,T],\\
X(0,x) = x, &x \in \mathbb R
\end{cases}
$$
This is the prototype of non-uniqueness ...
- 2,504
1
vote
1
answer
158
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How do I integrate this inequality that appears in a paper of Rabinowitz?
Sorry if this is too easy for MO, but I found it in a research paper, so I thought that it was worth posting here.
I was reading a paper by Rabinowitz(this one to be more precise) and I came across ...
- 128k
2
votes
2
answers
109
views
Regular Lagrangian flow for explicit ODE with discontinuous right-hand side
Consider the problem
$$(\star) \quad \begin{cases} \frac{d}{dt} X(t,x) = \begin{cases} - 1 & \text{ if } X(t,x) >0, \\
1 & \text{ if } X(t,x) < 0 \end{cases}, &t \in [0,T],\\
X(0,x) ...
- 128k
0
votes
1
answer
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views
Oleinik inequality (one-sided Lipschitz condition) implies $BV_{\mathrm{loc}}$ for solution of conservation law
Consider the scalar conservation law
$$u_t+f(u)_x=0, \hspace{0.4 cm} \text{in $\hspace{0.2 cm}$ $\mathbb{R} \times (0,\infty)$}$$
where $f \in C^{2}(\mathbb{R})$ is a strictly convex function ($f''>...
- 109k