All Questions
5,632 questions
8
votes
2
answers
471
views
Multiplying functions on the unit square as generalized matrices
Consider the $\mathbb{R}$-vector space of sufficiently nice real-valued functions on the unit square $I^2$, where "sufficiently nice" could be taken to mean any one of a number of things - say ...
- 3,908
4
votes
1
answer
561
views
Taylor Series Remainder
Suppose I have a $C^\infty$ smooth function $f$ defined on the reals.
I can apply Taylor's formula and get the local expression
$$
f(x) = \sum_{i=0}^l\frac{f^{(i)}(0)}{l!}x^i+ f^{(l+1)}(\xi(x))x^{l+...
- 60.5k
4
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Hausdorff dimension of graphs .
Is there an easy way to calculate the Hausdorff dimension of the graph of a real "elementary" function, like $f(x)=\sin(1/x)$ ?
- 7,857
4
votes
1
answer
222
views
a closed-form for mean/integral, but weighting positive differences between values and "mean" differently from negative differences?
Given a curve $f(x)$ (for $x \in [0,1]$), and a line $y=a$, let $U$ be the total area below $f$ and above $a$, and let $L$ be the total area above $f$ and below $a$. If $L=U$, this means that $a =\...
- 44.4k
4
votes
1
answer
306
views
ordered fields with the bounded value property, without choice
In his answer to my question ordered fields with the bounded value property, Ali Enayat showed that if one assumes the countable axiom of choice, then there exists a non-Archimedean ordered field $F$ ...
CommunityBot
- 1
5
votes
1
answer
878
views
Numerically finding a Mercer expansion for a given covariance kernel
Let $c(r)$ be a nice, continuous function with compact support. For example, $c(r) = \tfrac 1 5 (1-r)^{11} \big( 5 + 55r + 239 r^2 + 429 r^3 \big)$ for $r \in [0,1]$, and $c(r) = 0$ otherwise.
On ...
- 256
3
votes
2
answers
949
views
Reference for proof that $C_b^* = rba$
The following theorem seems to have folk status:
The topological dual of the space $C_b(X)$ of bounded continuous functions on a topological space $X$ is isomorphic to the space $rba(X)$ of finite, ...
CommunityBot
- 1
4
votes
2
answers
2k
views
a different nested intervals theorem
Is there any literature on (and a standard name for) the proposition that for any arbitrary-cardinality collection of closed intervals in the reals that is nested (in the sense that, given any two of ...
- 768
2
votes
2
answers
643
views
Estimating the Hausdorff measure of a subset of the sphere
Let $f: S^{n-1}\to \mathbb{R}$ be a continuous function ($S^{n-1}\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ is the unit sphere), $f(a)>0$ and $f(b)<0$ for certain points $a,b\in S^{n-1}$. By continuity these ...
- 32.4k
3
votes
1
answer
1k
views
ordered fields with the bounded value property
Say that an ordered field $F$ satisfies the bounded value property if, for all $a < b$ in $F$ and for every continuous function $f$ from $[a,b]_F := ${$x \in F: a \leq x \leq b$} to $F$, there ...
- 17.7k
8
votes
3
answers
785
views
truth vs. provability for ordered fields
In Propositions equivalent to the completeness of the real numbers I started by asking "Can anyone point me to a reasonably comprehensive article (or book chapter) explaining which basic theorems of ...
CommunityBot
- 1
0
votes
1
answer
551
views
Surface of the cut of an ellipsoid / Marginal density of a multivariate normal over an affine space
So I'm trying to get the marginal density of a multivariate normal over an affine space
if $A$ is a matrix in $\mathbb{R}^p \times \mathbb{R}^n$ for $p < n$ and $B \in \mathbb{R}^n$, $\Sigma$ is a ...
CommunityBot
- 1
1
vote
1
answer
741
views
Some infinite products related to prime numbers.
Let $P$ be the set of all odd prime numbers. I am looking for all $s\in(1,\infty)$ for them
$
A=\prod_{p\in P} (1+\frac{1}{(p-1)^s})^{p-1}
$
exists (i.e. is finite). I know that it should be ...
7
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Can a continuous, nowhere differentiable function have specified "shape" at every point?
I'm a bit embarrassed to admit that:
a) This is a rather unmotivated question.
b) I can't remember whether or not I've asked this before, but searching doesn't seem to turn anything up so ...
...
- 558
2
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Characterization of Weakly measurable functions
I wonder if we can characterize weak measurability of a function taking values in a Banach space using sequence of step functions (functions that have finite range) just like how we define strong ...
- 60.5k
12
votes
1
answer
898
views
Converse to Banach’s fixed point theorem for ordered fields?
Suppose $R$ is an ordered field. Call a continuous map $f: R \rightarrow R$ a contraction if there exists $r < 1$ (in $R$) such that $|f(x)-f(y)| \leq r |x-y|$ for all $x,y \in R$ (where $|x| := \...
CommunityBot
- 1
7
votes
3
answers
3k
views
incompleteness in real analysis
Godel's theorem tells us that any sufficiently powerful consistent formal theory of the integers is incomplete; but what about formal theories of the real numbers? More precisely, what about theories ...
CommunityBot
- 1
11
votes
3
answers
3k
views
Is the supremum of continuous functions integrable?
Let $f_\alpha$ be a family of continuous positive functions $\mathbb R\to \mathbb R$
where the index $\alpha$ runs in a compact metric space
and the map $\alpha\to f_\alpha$ is continuous
with ...
- 29.7k
6
votes
3
answers
11k
views
Sums of uncountably many real numbers [closed]
Suppose $S$ is an uncountable set, and $f$ is a function from $S$ to the positive real numbers. Define the sum of $f$ over $S$ to be the supremum of $\sum_{x \in N} f(x)$ as $N$ ranges over all ...
CommunityBot
- 1
0
votes
1
answer
604
views
Find a explicit choice function of the "rationally equivalence class"
Define two real numbers to be rationally equivalent provided their difference is a rational number.
from Royden Real Analysis
- 73.2k
4
votes
0
answers
162
views
Symmetric functions and regularity (II)
My previous question (where $n=2$) was a bit too naive. I think that this one, which is the one being of genuine interest to me, is more involved.
Let $f=\mathbb R^n\rightarrow\mathbb R$ be a ...
CommunityBot
- 1
5
votes
1
answer
316
views
Symmetric functions and regularity
Let $f:\mathbb R^2\rightarrow\mathbb R$ be a symmetric function: $f(y,x)=f(x,y)$. It can therefore be written has a function of the elementary symmetric polynomials, here $f(x,y)=F(x+y,xy)$, where $F(\...
- 19.6k
0
votes
1
answer
1k
views
A question about regular signed or complex Borel measure under LRN decomposition
Suppose $\nu$ is a regular signed or complex Borel measure on $\mathbb R^n$, m is the Lebesgue measure on the class of Borel sets $\mathcal B_{\mathbb R^n}$ and the Lebesgue-Radon-Nikodym ...
- 981
3
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Examples of deterministic processes of quadratic variation which are of unbounded variation
In [Föllmer 81] (English translation to be found here) writes: "The class of processes of quadratic variation is clearly larger than the class of semimartingales: Just consider a deterministic process ...
- 237
5
votes
0
answers
583
views
Cohomology of Real algebraic Varieities
I understand Serre's GAGA theorem as saying that equations over algebraically closed fields can be studied equally from the algebraic and analytic points of view, at least with respect to cohomology.
...
CommunityBot
- 1
1
vote
1
answer
275
views
Shift operator that generates separable orbit
Suppose, that $f$ is bounded measurable function, $T_h(f)(x) = f(x+h)$ is the shift operator.
How to prove, that if the whole orbit $T_h(f):\, h\in\mathbb{R}$ has a dense, countable subset $T_{n_k}(f)$...
- 696
9
votes
2
answers
791
views
Asymptotic difference between a function and its "binomial average"
(I posted this question on Math.SE a few weeks ago. I got a few comments, but nothing definite, and so I thought I would try MO.)
The origin of this question is the identity
$$\sum_{k=0}^n \binom{n}{...
CommunityBot
- 1
3
votes
0
answers
302
views
functions on intervals with endpoints
Would most analysts say that $(2/3) x^{3/2}$ is an antiderivative of $x^{1/2}$ on $[0,\infty)$, or
just on $(0,\infty)$?
More generally, is there a standard interpretation of the assertion "$F$ is an ...
- 19.7k
1
vote
0
answers
174
views
Eigenvalues of a Parametrized Family of Linear Functions
Suppose that we have a family of linear functions $L(\alpha) : \mathbb{R}^n \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^n$, where $\alpha$ is a positive real number.
For each $\alpha$, it is given that $L(\alpha)$ is a ...
- 111
21
votes
2
answers
924
views
Codimension of Measurable Sets
I am currently teaching an advanced undergraduate analysis class, and the following question came up.
Intuition suggests that "most" subsets of $[0,1]$ are not Lebesgue measurable. However, the ...
- 8,298
1
vote
1
answer
685
views
This limit converges to the partial derivative?
Let a function $f:X \times \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ continuous, with $X \subset \mathbb{R}$ compact, and supose that $\partial_2 f(x,t)$ exists for all $x \in X$ and is continuous. (here $\...
- 1,883
5
votes
0
answers
369
views
Independent Events Inducing Probability Measures
Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a sigma algebra over $\Omega$ and $M$ the set of all probability measures on $\mathcal{F}$. Let $\mathcal{C}$ be some collection of pairs $(A,B)$ with $ \ A,B\in\mathcal{F}$. Now ...
- 4,952
0
votes
1
answer
937
views
Lebesgue's Majorized Convergence Theorem
Can anyone point me to an explanation and a proof of this theorem?
For reference, it is mentioned in Kolmogorov's almost everywhere divergent function in $L$ as given in Zygmund, volume I. In the ...
- 13k
4
votes
1
answer
1k
views
An application of Baire category theorem
Hi,
Does somebody know a proof (or a reference) for the following statement:
Let $f:\mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ be an infinitely differentiable function. Suppose that for all $x$, $f^n(x)=0$ ...
- 1,468
8
votes
3
answers
813
views
Strange real functions
I know there are a lot of strange functions $f~:~\mathbb R \to \mathbb R$.
I'm looking for an "elementary but complete" exposition of a result discovered by W. Sierpi\'nski and A. Zygmund in "Sur une ...
- 236k
44
votes
3
answers
4k
views
Smooth functions for which $f(x)$ is rational if and only if $x$ is rational
A friend of mine introduced me to the following question: Does there exist a smooth function $f: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$, ($f \in C^\infty$), such that $f$ maps rationals to rationals and ...
CommunityBot
- 1
5
votes
1
answer
781
views
Does a log-concave function on a convex set extend continuously to the boundary?
Let $U$ be an open convex set in a locally convex space $X$, and let $f : U \to [0,1]$ be a log-concave function on $U$ (i.e., bounded and real-valued). Under what conditions does $f$ have a ...
- 5,743
1
vote
2
answers
641
views
Sharp upper bounds for sums of the form $\sum_{p \mid k} \frac{1}{p+1}$
Are there known sharp upper bounds (in terms of $k$ or $\omega(k)$, the number of distinct prime divisors of $k$) for sums of the form $\sum_{p \mid k} \frac{1}{p+1}$ for $k > 1$ subject to the ...
CommunityBot
- 1
1
vote
0
answers
615
views
Is there a Real valued function with image of every open interval the whole real line [duplicate]
Possible Duplicate:
Function with range equal to whole reals on every open set
Hello,
My problem is the following
"Is there a Real valued function with image of every open interval the whole ...
CommunityBot
- 1
2
votes
1
answer
465
views
What is the regularity of the argument of a complex function?
Let $\psi=f+ig=\rho e^{i\theta}$ be a complex function on some open subset of $\mathbb{R}^n$, where $f,g,\rho$ and $\theta$ are real-valued. I happened to find that the identity of differentiation for ...
- 27.5k
4
votes
2
answers
734
views
Analyzing the solution to a second-order, non-linear ODE
Let $\psi : [0,\infty] \to \mathbb R$ be a strictly positive, continuously differentiable function, and consider the non-linear ODE $$\ddot x = - \frac{1}{4} \frac{\psi'(x)}{\psi(x)} \left( \dot x^2 - ...
- 60.5k
3
votes
1
answer
952
views
Geometrical structure of critical points of harmonic functions
For a harmonic function $\Phi$ on a simply connected subset $\Gamma$ of $\mathbb{R}^3$, define a guide curve $\gamma: I \mapsto \Gamma$ of $\Phi$ as a simple regular $C^1$ curve such that
all point ...
- 9,389
5
votes
2
answers
917
views
Is the inclusion of Lebesgue spaces compact?
[Disclaimer: this may be a very trivial question; it certainly looks like it ought to have been studied and understood. I started thinking about it this morning when writing some notes for Rellich-...
- 60.5k
2
votes
0
answers
470
views
Can any antidifference (indefinite sum) of a function be expressed in elementary functions and generalized polygamma function if its integral can be expressed in elementary functions?
If the integral or multiplicative integral of a function can be expressed with elementary functions, does it mean its indefinite sum (antidifference) or indefinite product respectively can be ...
- 10.1k
4
votes
3
answers
794
views
Monotone injection of an ordinal into $[0,1]$
This is related to my recent question and would provide a natural positive answer to Question 2. I am sure this must be known to experts.
Question: Is there a monotone injection $(\omega_1,<) \...
CommunityBot
- 1
4
votes
0
answers
939
views
Proofs of Baire category theorem
I would like to have a list of proofs of the fact that the real line is not meager (also very useful would be a reference to such a list, if it already exists somewhere).
My motivation is the ...
- 29k
11
votes
3
answers
1k
views
Can there be two continuous real-valued functions such that at least one has rational values for all x?
Of course, no continuous real valued non-constant function can attain only rational or irrational values, but can there be a pair of nowhere-constant continuous functions f and g such that for all x, ...
- 19.6k
1
vote
2
answers
360
views
Inf of a mutivariate function
Let $f(x_1,\ldots , x_n) = \frac{x_1}{x_2+x_3} + \frac{x_2}{x_3+x_4} + \cdots + \frac{x_n}{x_1+x_2}$, defined for $x_i>0$.
Is there $(x_1, \ldots ,x_n)\in {\mathbb{R}^*_+}^n$ such that $f(x_1,\...
- 479
9
votes
3
answers
4k
views
Are there sigma-algebras of cardinality $\kappa>2^{\aleph_0}$ with countable cofinality?
A standard homework in measure theory textbooks asks the student to prove that there are not countably infinite $\sigma$-algebras. The only proof that I know is via a contradiction argument which ...
- 16.2k
10
votes
4
answers
3k
views
Measure 0 sets on the line with Hausdorff dimension 1
I use $\dim_H(E)$ to denote the Hausdorff dimension of a set $E \subseteq \mathbb{R}$ and $|E|$ to denote its Lebesgue measure. It is easy to see from the definition of Hausdorff dimension that if $\...
- 2,135