Questions tagged [ap.analysis-of-pdes]
Partial differential equations (PDEs): Existence and uniqueness, regularity, boundary conditions, linear and non-linear operators, stability, soliton theory, integrable PDEs, conservation laws, qualitative dynamics.
4,466 questions
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Reference request : A SPDE model
Let $\Omega_0\subset\mathbb R^d$ be open and bounded with sufficiently smooth boundary $\partial\Omega_0$. Let $O\subset \Omega_0$ be a random open subset. Set $\Omega:=\Omega_0\setminus O$. Consider ...
- 1,399
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1
answer
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Convergence of heat flow on non-compact manifolds?
Consider the heat equation $\partial_t u= \Delta u+\lambda_1 u$ on a non-compact complete manifold $M$ (with nonpositive curvature) where $\lambda_1$ is the first eigenvalue and we start with some ...
- 537
3
votes
1
answer
579
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Mathematical difference between solitons and traveling waves for a non-linear dispersive PDE
I see many mathematicians conflating the definitions of traveling waves and solitons, and I am unable to understand, from a mathematical point of view, the differences between these two types of ...
- 73
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1
answer
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Periodicity and Burger's equation
Consider the 1-dimensional Burger's equation on a finite interval $I=(0,1)$,
$$u_t+uu_x=u_{xx}$$
with initial condition
$$u(x,0)=f(x)$$
and boundary conditions
$$u(0,t)=A(t) \qquad u(1,t)=B(t).$$
...
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How to show that $ u $ is vanishing in $ \mathbb{R}^3\setminus B_1 $?
I come across an interesting question.
Let $ B_r=\{x\in\mathbb{R}^3:|x|\leq r\} $ be the ball in $ \mathbb{R}^3 $ with radius $ r $. Assume that $ u \in C(\mathbb{R}^3\setminus B_1) $ satisfies
$$
\...
- 1,219
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votes
1
answer
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Bounds on dimension of a subspace
Let $I=(0,1)$ and let $C>1$ be a constant. Let $L^2(I)$ and $H^1(I)$ be the standard Sobolev spaces on $I$. Suppose that $U$ is a subspace of $H^1(I)$ with the additional property that:
$$ \| u\|_{...
- 4,115
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answers
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Early successes of Schwartz distribution theory
What are the early successes of Schwartz distributions theory?
What are the hard theorems that became simple and what
open problems were solved with this new tool soon after Laurent
Schwartz released ...
- 18.7k
3
votes
2
answers
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Does there exist always an $L^2$ threshold below (or above) which a traveling waves of a nonlinear dispersive PDE cannot exist?
It is well known that some dispersive non--linear equations admit traveling wave solutions
$$
u(t,x)=u_0(x-ct)\in L^2_x\,, \qquad (t,x)\in \mathbb{R}\times \mathbb{R}\,\text{ or }\, \mathbb{R}\...
- 73
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Linear PDE, analytic continuation, Green's function and boundary conditions
I'm looking at the linear PDE in 3+1 dimensions,
$$
\left[ -(\partial_t - \xi)^2 - \partial_k \partial_k \right] \phi(t,x) = 4\pi^2 \delta(t)\delta(x)\label{1} \tag{1}
$$
Where $\xi$ is generally a ...
- 1,150
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1
answer
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Decay estimates for simple elliptic equations
Let
and let $p(|z|)$ be the radial solution of the following equation
$$
\Delta p + 4q = 0\quad \text{in } \mathbb{R}^n
$$
where
$n\geq 2$,
$0<\alpha<1$,
$q \triangleq q(|z|) = \frac 1{1+ |z|^...
- 471
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votes
1
answer
710
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Counterexamples to weak dispersion for the Schrödinger group
Let $A$ be a selfadjoint operator on some Hilbert space $H$, let $U(t)=e^{itA}$ be the corresponding continuous group, and let $f\in H$ be orthogonal to all eigenvectors of $A$. Are there examples ...
- 9,007
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votes
2
answers
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Most general reverse Hölder inequality for polynomials
Theorem. Let $m$ be an integer and $P_m$ the vector space of degree $m$ polynomials in one real variable. There is a constant $C$ such that, for all $a<b$ and $p \in P_m$,
$$\|p\|_{L^\infty(a,b)} \...
- 981
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1
answer
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On an integral equation
Let $B: C^{\infty}([0,1]^3)$ satisfy
$$B(t,t,x)=0 \quad \text{for all $t,x \in [0,1]$.}$$
Let $f \in C^{\infty}([0,1]^2)$ satisfy the following integral equation:
$$ \int_0^1 f(t,x)\,dx + \int_0^t\...
- 4,115
1
vote
1
answer
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Is there $f$ such that $\int_0^t f(s)\,\mathrm d s<\infty$ and $|\partial_t g| (t, x) \le f(t)g(Ct, x)$ for all $t>0$ and $x \in \mathbb R^d$?
We consider the heat kernel
$$
g :\mathbb R_{>0} \times \mathbb R^d \to \mathbb R,\quad (t, x) \mapsto \frac{1}{(4\pi t)^{d/2}} \exp \bigg ( - \frac{|x|^2}{4t} \bigg ).
$$
Then
$$
\partial_t g(t, x)...
- 657
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votes
1
answer
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A formula in harmonic heat flow
Assume that $ (M,g) $ and $ (N,h) $ are two smooth closed manifold and $ N $ is embedded isometrically into $ \mathbb{R}^K $ for some $ K\in\mathbb{Z}_+ $. Assume that $ u\in C^{\infty}(M\times\mathbb{...
- 1,219
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0
answers
126
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Differential equations: trying to connect a nonlinear equation to a linear one
The following is motivated by taking a product space $\Omega$ and splitting it into two parts via projections, whose subspaces, $T$ and $X$, are home to functions which satisfy a nonlinear PDE and a ...
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votes
1
answer
408
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Existence of solution to linear inhomogeneous first order PDEs systems
Maybe I am asking a triviality. If that is the case, please let me know and I will close the question. I have searched a lot but I didn't find an adequate and forceful response.
For $i=1,\ldots, r$, ...
5
votes
1
answer
543
views
The principal symbol as an element in the K-theory
This line
The symbol may naturally be thought of as an element in the K-theory
of X
appears in the nLab page on principal symbols for differential operators. What does this mean? Are they talking ...
- 1,144
1
vote
1
answer
145
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Convolution with the Jacobi Theta-function on "both the space and time variables" - still jointly smooth?
Let $\Theta(x,t)$ be the Jacobi-Theta function:
\begin{equation}
\Theta(x,t):=1+\sum_{n=1}^\infty e^{-\pi n^2 t} \cos(2\pi n x)
\end{equation}
Usually, the heat equation with the periodic boundary ...
- 3,477
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votes
2
answers
315
views
Is this an $L^p-L^{\infty}$ operator?
Let $1\leq p <\infty$ and let $p^{\prime}$ denote its conjugate exponent. Consider the following operator on Schwartz functions:
$$Tf(x)=\int_{0}^{\infty}t^{\frac{n}{2 p^{\prime}}-1}e^{-t}
\int_{|x-...
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answers
154
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Elliptic estimates in unweighted Sobolev spaces
In several sources (Choquet-Bruhat & Christodoulou 1981, Nirenberg-Walker 1973) estimates for elliptic partial differential equations on a noncompact manifold are derived in weighted Sobolev ...
- 419
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vote
1
answer
124
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Wild's sum for Boltzmann's equation
Consider the spatially homogenous Boltzmann equation $$\partial_t f_t = Q^+(f_t,f_t) - f_t.$$ A semi-explicit representation formula for solutions of this Boltzmann equation can be written as (see for ...
- 730
3
votes
1
answer
149
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'Degenerate' tangent point of a minimal graph
Let $u: D_1 \to \mathbf{R}$ be a smooth function defined on the unit disk $D_1 \subset \mathbf{R}^2$ which describes the minimal graph $G$. Suppose that at the origin $G$ is tangent to the horizontal ...
- 5,048
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On a result of Cartan for homogeneous manifolds arising from a quotient of discrete subgroups
I'm not sure if this is completely relevant to MO, let me know if this would be better on MSE.
I have been told today by a professor of mine that the following is a classic result of Cartan. Suppose $...
- 1,763
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0
answers
122
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When is there an inclusion between regular Orlicz Spaces?
It is a classical result that $L^p(\Omega) \subset L^q(\Omega)$ when $q<p$ and $|\Omega| < \infty$. I'd like to know if there is an Orlicz version of this fact. In other words, let $L^{G_1}$ and ...
- 191
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1
answer
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Physical relevancy of two curious PDE's
My research has brought me to the following linear parabolic second order PDE:
$$ \frac{\partial^2}{\partial x^2}\Psi(t,x)=c(t,x)\frac{\partial}{\partial t}\Psi(t,x) $$
for $c(t,x)=-\frac{t}{x}$ and $...
- 383
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votes
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On critical points of harmonic functions
Let $u \in C^{\infty}(\mathbb R^3)$ be harmonic. Suppose that $u$ has no critical points outside the unit ball but that it has at least one critical point inside the unit ball.
Does it follow that $u$ ...
- 4,115
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votes
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answer
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views
Generalized functions in infinite dimensions
What theories are there for generalized functions (distributions) in infinite dimensions?
In particular, suppose your "infinite dimensional manifold" is $\mathfrak{M}:=C^\infty(S^1)$. Is ...
- 263
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votes
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answer
128
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derivation of variational forms of PDE directly from conservation form
A lot of texts derive the variational form of a PDE as follows.
First, life begins with a conservation law for the field $q$:
$$\partial_t \int_\omega G(q)\;dx + \int_{\partial\omega} F(q, \nabla q, \...
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answers
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What's the relation between viscosity solutions of infinity harmonic functions and normalized infinity harmonic functions?
The now famous infnity laplacian is the equations
$$
\langle D^2u Du,Du\rangle=0
$$
and the normalized infnity laplacian is
$$
\langle D^2u Du/|Du|,Du/|Du|\rangle=0.
$$
Is a viscosity solution of one ...
- 191
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vote
0
answers
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views
Reference for an IBVP for the linear homogeneous 1-D Schrödinger equation
I asked the following question on MSE some time ago, but got no answer (sorry if the question is not appropriate for MO).
Consider the following initial boundary value problem for the linear ...
- 4,034
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votes
1
answer
232
views
An estimate of the gradient of heat kernel
We consider the heat kernel
$$
g :\mathbb R_{>0} \times \mathbb R^d \to \mathbb R, (t, x) \mapsto \frac{1}{(4\pi t)^{d/2}} \exp \bigg ( - \frac{|x|^2}{4t} \bigg ).
$$
I have already proved that
$$
\...
- 657
3
votes
2
answers
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views
Heating a long cylinder: steady states
Consider a long cylinder $C = D \times (-L,L) \subset \mathbf{R}^3$, with heat applied to its horizontal boundary according to $\varphi$ and perfectly insulated ends. The steady state $u: C \to \...
- 5,048
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votes
0
answers
141
views
Lp eigenfuntion bounds for the hermite operator on domain (or manifolds) with boundary
Let's define the harmonic oscillator $H = -\Delta+x^2$ in a domain $\Omega$ of $\mathbb R^d$. Thus,
we consider the Dirichlet eigenvalue problem
$$ (H - \lambda^2)u (x) = 0, \ x \in \Omega ; \ \text{...
- 61
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Energy bounds (or the lack thereof) for a functional between almost Hermitian manifolds
Suppose that $(M,g,J_M)$ and $(N,h,J_N)$ are two almost Hermitian manifolds. For a differentiable function $f:M\to N$ define its pseudoholomorphic energy to be
$E_+(f)=\frac{1}{4}\int_M |Df+J_N Df J_M|...
- 646
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Dispersive equations at low frequencies and time oscillations
It seems to me that nearly all the common linear dispersive equations have dispersion relations which vanish at the zero spatial frequency. For example:
The Schrodinger dispersion relation is $\omega(...
- 111
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votes
1
answer
143
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An estimate of the integral of the higher order derivative of a bump function
Let $\kappa_1>0$, $\beta\in [0, 1]$ and $b: \mathbb R_+ \times \mathbb R^d \to \mathbb R^d$ such that for all $t\ge0$ and $x,y \in \mathbb R^d$ we have $|b(t, 0)| \le \kappa_1$ and $|b(t, x) - b(t, ...
- 825
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Propagators and PDEs
I have already asked this at MSE but did not get an answer.
In quantum field theory one encounters the retarded, advanced and Feynman propagators as certain solutions to a wave equation. ...
- 113
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votes
1
answer
100
views
SPDEs driven by fractional brownian noise
I am looking for some references for the following kind of SPDEs
$$dX_t= AX_t\,\mathrm{d}t+BX_t\,\mathrm{d}W^H_t,$$
given $X(0)=X_0$, where $A$ and $B$ are operators and $W^H_t$ is the fractional ...
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votes
2
answers
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What's the limit of a sequence of harmonic maps between manifolds?
Let ${M}, \, {N}$ be two Riemannian manifolds, and let $u_n: {M} \to {N}$ be a sequence of harmonic maps.
Question. Suppose that $u_n$ converges uniformly to a (necessarily continuous) function $u$. ...
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2
answers
326
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Looking for references to study $U^p$ and $V^p$ spaces
I am studying some papers in the analysis of nonlinear PDEs and I am encountering the $U^p$ and $V^p$ spaces for the first time. Where can I find references more detailed than papers?
Edited
The ...
- 159
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votes
8
answers
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What do heat kernels have to do with the Riemann-Roch theorem and the Gauss-Bonnet theorem?
I know the following facts. (Don't assume I know much more than the following facts.)
The Atiyah-Singer index theorem generalizes both the Riemann-Roch theorem and the Gauss-Bonnet theorem.
The ...
- 118k
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votes
2
answers
589
views
Doubts in first lemma in the paper of Adams regarding sharp Moser inequality
This question is on a point in D.R. Adams paper "A Sharp Inequality of J. Moser for Higher Order Derivatives". Precisely the lemma says:
Given $a(s,t)$ be a non negative measureable function ...
- 337
4
votes
0
answers
77
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Reference/Help request for formula $[A,e^{-itB}]$ found in physics thread
I'm wondering if anyone has a rigorous reference or a proof of the formula (2) found in the main answer of this thread on the physics stack exchange. I want to use it but in the case where $A, B$ are ...
- 71
2
votes
1
answer
113
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Fluid dynamics textbook discussing Hele-Shaw flow
In this Wikipedia article, Hele-Shaw flow is discussed in some detail. I'd like to find a textbook that discusses Hele-Shaw flow in greater detail. Thanks
- 123
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votes
1
answer
511
views
Existence and estimates of Green's function on Riemannian manifold
In Yau and Schoen's differential geometry,in Ch5 before Thm 3.5,the author says
When $R$(scalar curvature of a manifold M)$>0$,there exists a unique Green's function $G$ to the operator $L=-\Delta+...
- 217
2
votes
1
answer
172
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Method of characteristics with 2 dependent variables in 3 dimensions
I'm interested in solving a first-order linear PDE with 2 dependent variables in 3 dimensions by the method of characteristics. Something of this general form:
$$
A \frac{\partial u}{\partial x} + B \...
- 123
2
votes
1
answer
326
views
Weighted Sobolev Spaces and Decay
(Reposted from MSE after no responses)
Introduce the following weighted Sobolev space norm on $\mathbb{R}^n$ (common in the study of hyperbolic PDE):
$$
\|u\|_{H_{k,\delta}}^2 = \sum_{0 \leq i \leq k} ...
- 419
4
votes
1
answer
461
views
Contractivity of Neumann Laplacian
I have an intriguing and probably simple question: reading the articles and books of Wolfgang Arendt on semigroups of linear operators, I found on many places properties of the Neumann Laplacian.
In ...
- 1,759
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votes
0
answers
122
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Local smoothness of harmonic heat flow
Assume that $ (M,g) $ is a smooth closed manifold and $ \mathbb{S}^{L-1} $ is a unit sphere with dimension $ L-1 $ in $ \mathbb{R}^{L} $. Consider the equation of harmonic heat flow
$$
\partial_tu-\...
- 1,219