Questions tagged [computational-number-theory]
Computational Number Theory is for explicit calculations or algorithms involving anything of interest to number theorists.
477 questions
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Are there highly composite prime gaps?
Definition: Highly composite prime gap
The three composite numbers between the consecutive primes $643$ and $647$ each have at least three distinct prime factors. This is the first occurrence of prime ...
- 5,470
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votes
1
answer
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Possible contemporary improvement to bounded gaps between primes?
In his summary of his book Bounded gaps between primes: the epic breakthroughs of the early 21st century, Kevin Broughan writes
Which brings me to my final remark: where to next in the bounded gaps ...
- 35.5k
-1
votes
1
answer
342
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Finite or polynomial number integral points clarification on Coppersmith's theorems (possibility of ellipse counter example?)
Coppersmith states if $f(x,y)$ is an irreducible bivariate with total degree $\delta$ then if he can list all roots $(X,Y)$ of the polynomial in $\mathsf{poly}(\log D,\delta)$ time if the roots ...
- 13.9k
15
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0
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365
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Do primes of the form $4k+1$ ever lead the greatest prime factor race?
Analogous to Chebyshev's race between primes, I examined the race between primes in the greatest prime factors, GPF, of natural numbers. Similar to the regular prime race, in the GPF race, the ...
- 5,470
1
vote
1
answer
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Deduce kernel of isogeny from action on torsion points
I'm stuck with the following problem:
In Petit's work "Faster Algorithms for Isogeny Problems using Torsion Point Images", p. 8, he says that we can deduce $\ker \psi_{N_2}$ knowing the ...
- 73
4
votes
2
answers
295
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Maximal entropy of integer partitions of $n$
Let $\operatorname{Part}(n)$ be the set of integer partitions of $n$.
A partition $p \in \operatorname{Part}(n)$ has $k$ summands and $d$ distinct summand $n_i$, with $d \leq k$ and $d$ frequencies $...
1
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0
answers
118
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Which real functions benefit from the Fundamental Theorem of Interval Analysis?
I'm reading Introduction to Interval Analysis, by Moore, Baker & Cloud and complementing it with Global Optimization using Interval Analysis, by Hansen & Walster.
Theorem 5.1 - Fundamental ...
44
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5
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Does pi contain 1000 consecutive zeroes (in base 10)?
The motivation for this question comes from the novel Contact by Carl Sagan. Actually, I haven't read the book myself. However, I heard that one of the characters (possibly one of those aliens at ...
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45
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1
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How to calculate [10^10^10^10^10^-10^10]?
How to find an integer part of $10^{10^{10^{10^{10^{-10^{10}}}}}}$? It looks like it is slightly above $10^{10^{10}}$.
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5
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1
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What are the solutions in numbers of $xyz \mid x^n + y^n + z^n$, $x,y,z$ globally coprime
What are globally coprime integers $x,y,z\in \mathbb Z^*$ such that $xyz$ divide $x^n + y^n + z^n$?
I have no other motivation for that problem but its inherent beauty and interest.
Note that it can ...
- 687
1
vote
1
answer
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Robin's inequality for odd numbers
In this article (Theorem 1.2) there is a proof for Robin's inequality for odd numbers,
$\sigma(n)/n< e^{\gamma}\log(\log(n))$ where $\gamma$ is the Euler-Mascheroni constant and $\sigma(n)$ is the ...
2
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2
answers
283
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Ask for a proof of an identity involving the product of two Bernoulli numbers
It is well known that the Bernoulli numbers $B_{k}$ for $k\in\{0,1,2,\dotsc\}$ can be generated by
\begin{equation*}
\frac{z}{\textrm{e}^z-1}=\sum_{k=0}^\infty B_k\frac{z^k}{k!}=1-\frac{z}2+\sum_{k=1}^...
- 1,101
1
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2
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Ask for a reference or a proof of an identity involving a finite sum and the Bernoulli numbers
Let $B_{n}$ for $n\ge0$ denote the Bernoulli number generated by
\begin{equation*}
\frac{z}{\textrm{e}^z-1}=\sum_{n=0}^\infty B_n\frac{z^n}{n!}=1-\frac{z}2+\sum_{n=1}^\infty B_{2n}\frac{z^{2n}}{(2n)!},...
- 1,101
6
votes
0
answers
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Equivalence of primes based on the partition of their Pisano periods
The period of Fibonacci numbers modulo $m$ is called Pisano period and its length is denoted as $\pi(m)$. Define the Pisano partition of $m$ as the set partition of the indices $\{0,1,\dotsc,\pi(m)-1\}...
- 34.4k
0
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0
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Using coppersmith for bounded solution of a short linear Diophantine problem
I have a $3$-variable linear Diophantine equation
$$ax+by+cz=r$$ where $a,b,c,r\in\mathbb Z$ are known and can be as large in magnitude as needed and I know the equation has a solution $x,y,z\in\...
- 13.9k
4
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0
answers
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What are the modularity conjectures for Artin motives?
Classically, singular cohomology is an important tool for studying topological spaces, in particular, complex varieties. In the mid-twentieth century it was realized that there are many analogues of ...
- 835
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0
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122
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Will an integer program to deterministically factor integers help derandomize $\mathbb F_q[x]$ factoring?
There are many analogies between the objects $\mathbb F_q[x]$ and $\mathbb Z$.
Supposing there is a fixed (say $10^9$) dimension linear integer program (describable without any objective function) in ...
- 13.9k
8
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2
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1k
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Fermat's last theorem $\pm1$
I'm planning a challenge over on Code Golf.SE about integers $a, b, c \ge 0$ such that
$$a^n + b^n = c^n \pm 1$$
for a given integer $n > 2$. However, I'm interested in whether any non-trivial ...
2
votes
1
answer
456
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Integrality certification for product of two matrices $A B^{-1}$
Let's consider two non-singular integer matrices $A,B \in\mathbb{Z}^{n\times n}$. I want a test to check if $A\times B^{-1}$ is integral (or no denominators). I am referring the unimodular ...
- 149
3
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0
answers
116
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Ways to tell from residues modulo prime factors if $z$ is below half point
Let $N=\prod_{k=0}^{k=m}{ p_k }$ be a square-free odd integer where $p_k$ is a prime. If we are given any integer $g$ such that $0<g<N$, it is very easy to tell if $g < \frac{N}{2}$ or not. ...
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3
answers
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Unexpected behavior involving √2 and parity
This post makes a focus on a very specific part of that long post. Consider the following map:
$$f: n \mapsto \left\{
\begin{array}{ll}
\left \lfloor{n/\sqrt{2}} \right \rfloor & \...
25
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2
answers
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Do these rational sequences always reach an integer?
This post comes from the suggestion of Joel Moreira in a comment on An alternative to continued fraction and applications (itself inspired by the Numberphile video 2.920050977316 and Fridman, ...
2
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0
answers
132
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How to compute torsion subgroup $E[24]$ over $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}$
If I have an elliptic curve $E: y^2=x^3-15x+22$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ with CM from the imaginary quadratic field $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-3})$ then how do I compute the $24$-torsion subgroup $E[24]$ over $\...
- 309
1
vote
1
answer
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Software tools to find square root modulo $2^t$
Are there any software tools to find modular square roots of $y$ in $$x^2\equiv y\bmod p^t$$ where $p$ is a prime $\geq2$?
Are there any special techniques which can speed up at $p=2$?
- 13.9k
0
votes
1
answer
125
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Examples of real-time transcendental number and superlinear-time trancsendental number
Computation model is defined as Hartmanis and Stearns 4, it is well known that Liouvilles constant
$$C_L=\sum_{i=1}^{\infty} 10^{-i!}$$ is computable in real time or linear time 1, 5 especially ...
- 3,104
2
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1
answer
172
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On roots of irreducible quadratics modulo composites
Assume factorization of $N$ is unknown. What is the best complexity we know to find roots of the irreducible equation $$ax^2+bx+c\equiv0\bmod N?$$
Is this problem equivalent to any hardness results?
- 13.9k
1
vote
3
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302
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How do I find abelian cubic extension over $\mathbb{Q}$ with class number more than 1?
I am trying to see them as subfield $\mathbb{Q}(\zeta_n).$ I feel it is a tiring job by using SageMath. Moreover, I am ending up with the abelian cubic field with the class number $1.$
I appreciate ...
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22
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1
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How to see that the determinant of this matrix is nonzero for all primes?
I'm trying to show that $\sum_{i = 0}^{p-2} (i+1)^{-1} t^{i+n}$ where $0 \leq n \leq p-2$ spans the vector space $\mathbb{F}_p[t]/(1-t)^{p-1}$ as a rank $p-1$ module over $\mathbb{F}_p$.
In other ...
- 3,539
2
votes
1
answer
515
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Eisenstein polynomial of totally ramified extension over $p$-adic field
Let $p\geq 3$ be a prime number, $K$ be a finite extension of $\mathbb{Q}_p$ with no non-trivial unramified subextension, $f(x)$ be an irreducible monic polynomial in $\mathcal{O}_K[x]$, making $L=K[x]...
- 549
2
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0
answers
201
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On GCD and lattice reduction
$LLL$ algorithm is vectorized version of Euclidean algorithm for $GCD$.
Even the $m=2$ case known to Lagrange and Gauss does not have an $NC$ algorithm for shortest vector.
If $GCD$ is in $NC$ and in ...
- 13.9k
3
votes
0
answers
135
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Recover cyclotomic integer with bounded coefficients from its known associate
Recall that two cyclotomic integers are called associated if their ratio is a unit in the corresponding ring of cyclotomic integers.
We will view cyclotomic integers as polynomials (of degree $<\...
- 34.4k
5
votes
3
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2k
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Goldbach conjecture and other problems in additive combinatorics
The field is also known as additive number theory. I am interested in sums $z=x + y$ where $x \in S, y\in T$, and both $S, T$ are infinite sets of positive integers. For instance:
$S = T$ is the set ...
- 3,098
2
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0
answers
300
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How soon can we represent a number as the sum of two primes?
Posting in MO since it was unanswered in MSE.
Goldbach's conjecture says that every even number can be represented as the sum of two primes. But how soon can we find such a representation. Taking $20 =...
- 5,470
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votes
2
answers
8k
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Walsh Fourier transform of the Möbius function
This question is related to this previous question where I asked about ordinary Fourier coefficients.
Special case: is Möbius nearly orthogonal to Morse
August Ferdinand Möbius (November 17, 1790 – ...
48
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4
answers
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Twin primes conjecture and extrapolation method
Let $(p_1, p_2)$ be a twin prime pair, where we include $(2, 3)$. If $p_1 \equiv 1$ mod $4$ then we let $t_{(p_1, p_2)} := p_1 ^ 2 / p_2 ^ 2$ otherwise, we let $t_{(p_1, p_2)} := p_2 ^ 2 / p_1 ^ 2$.
...
- 1,305
4
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0
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Lattice reduction of basis with non-integer coefficients
Suppose I have an ordered basis $\{b_1, \dots, b_n\}$ of a lattice in $\mathbb{R}^n$, but I do not assume that $b_i \in \mathbb{Z}^n$ for all $1 \leq i \leq n$.
I would like to perform lattice ...
- 554
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Expressing primes $p\equiv 1 \pmod 3$ in the form $p = x^2 + xy + y^2$
Fermat famously showed that the only primes $p$ of the form $x^2 + y^2$ are the primes such that $p \equiv 1 \mod{4}$. Furthermore, we now know “effective” versions of Fermat's theorem, i.e. given a ...
- 1,703
2
votes
2
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312
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Coefficient field of a newform using Magma
It is well-known that, for a newform $f = \sum c_nq^n \in \Gamma_0(N)$, the coefficient field $K_f := \mathbb{Q}(a_1, a_2, a_3, \cdots )$ is a number field.
I am introducing myself in Magma, and I was ...
- 29
1
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0
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Does $2$ variable linear Diophantine equation in $NC$ imply $2$ dimensional shortest vector is in $NC$?
Consider the Linear Diophantine in known $a,b,c\in\mathbb Z$
$$ax+by=c.$$
Above can be solve by Extended Euclidean which is not in $NC$ as far as we know. It is clear if Extended Euclidean is in $NC$ ...
- 13.9k
2
votes
0
answers
93
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Integers solutions of products of truncated Riemann zeta functions
Let $n \in \mathbb{N}$ be a positive integer.
It is possible to prove that the equation $F_1(n)=m$ where $m \in \mathbb{Z}$ and
$$
F_1(n)=(1+2+\ldots+n)\cdot\left(\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+\dots+\frac{1}...
- 1,343
0
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0
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172
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An application of Koike's Trace Formula
Koike's Trace Formula states that
\begin{equation}
\mbox{Tr}((U_p^{\kappa})^n) = - \sum_{0 \leq u < \sqrt{p^n}\\
(u,p)=1}H(u^2-4p^n)\frac{\gamma(u)^\kappa}{\gamma(u)^2 - p^n}-1,
\end{equation}
...
4
votes
0
answers
104
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Questions in number theory related to $NC$ and $P$-completeness
Given $a,b\in\mathbb N$ find $\operatorname{GCD}(a,b)$.
Given $a,b,c\in\mathbb N$ find $x,y\in\mathbb Z$ such that $ax+by=c$.
Euclidean algorithm solves both.
My question is if either 1 or 2 is in ...
- 13.9k
8
votes
1
answer
484
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simple conjecture on palindromes in base 10 [closed]
The conjecture says that for any a, b belong to the the set of non-negative integers ($a$ and $b$ are not necessarily distinct), taking any natural value of $c$; we have always that $$(10^c-1) \cdot \...
4
votes
0
answers
102
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Reconstructing coefficients of an elliptic curve L-series from the modular form divisor
Let $E$ be an unknown elliptic curve over $\mathbb{Q}$.
Let $L(E, s) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{a_n}{n^s}$ be the L-function of $E$ and write $f(q) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} a_n q^n$.
I'm in a setting ...
- 5,637
9
votes
6
answers
4k
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Computation of a minimal polynomial
It is relatively easy (but sometimes quite cumbersome) to compute the minimal polynomial of an algebraic number $\alpha$ when $\alpha$ is expressible in radicals. For example, the simple query
"...
- 1,625
4
votes
1
answer
309
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Discrete logarithms and primitive elements in finite fields
The recent papers:
R. Granger, T. Kleinjung, J. Zumbragel, "On the Discrete Logarithm
Problem in Finite Fields of Fixed Characteristic," Trans. Amer. Math.
Soc., 370(5) (2018), 3129–3145.
T....
- 503
0
votes
1
answer
97
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On polynomials associated to integers power sums [closed]
For $0\leq k\leq n$ integers let $P_k(n):= n^k,\ S_k(n):= P_k(1)+\ldots P_k(n)= 1^k+\ldots n^k$.
Then $P_k(0)=0$, $S_0(n)=n$.
For calculate $S_1(n)$ i consider:
$$P_2(n)-P_2(n-1)=2n+1$$
then
$\begin{...
- 4,165
0
votes
1
answer
87
views
Constructing an integer with small residues for two distinct primes in polynomial time
Given two primes $p,q\in[T,2T]$, how many integers $m$ of size $O(T^{3/2+\epsilon})$ are there such that the residues $m\bmod p$ and $m\bmod q$ are both $O(polylog(T))$? Looking for an answer
Is it ...
- 13.9k
2
votes
0
answers
45
views
Reordering entries of integer symmetric matrix via linear combinations into a symmetric matrix with all its eigenvalues positive with det condition
Suppose we have a symmetric matrix $M\in\operatorname{Sym}{M}_{n}(\mathbb{Z})$ having some negative eigenvalues. Are there algorithms filling the entries of a (possibly) bigger symmetric matrix $M'\in\...
- 573
5
votes
1
answer
237
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On a result of Euler on pseudoprimes
In several sources (for instance on page 58 of the first ed. of Crandall & Pomerance book on prime numbers or at the end of this paper by J. H. Jaroma), I have seen a result that goes like this:
...
- 87