All Questions
Tagged with ca.classical-analysis-and-odes reference-request
323 questions
10
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Algebraic independence of exponentials
First of all, a happy new year. Be it better than 2015,
healthy, wealthy, fruitful and cross-fertilizing
for you, familly and friends.
In order to cope with families of solutions of evolution ...
- 3,738
9
votes
1
answer
749
views
property of convex functions
I am able to give a proof to the following inequality for convex functions. Most likely this is well known, but I am unable to find a reference. I would appreciate if someone more knowledgeable in the ...
- 1,211
1
vote
1
answer
331
views
Can divergence free vector fields be approximated by smooth ones?
If $M$ is a compact Riemannian manifold, is the space of $C^{\infty}$ divergence-free vector fields dense in the space of $C^r$ divergence-free vector fields, in the $C^r$ topology ($r\geq 1$)? How ...
- 19
4
votes
1
answer
388
views
$\sum_{k=1}^n\frac{\sin kx}{k^\alpha} >0\quad\text{for all}\ n=1,2,3,\ldots\ \text{and}\ 0<x<\pi, \text{and}\ \alpha \ge 1$
The Fejer-Jackson inequality as follows:
$$\sum_{k=1}^n\frac{\sin kx}k>0\quad\text{for all}\ n=1,2,3,\ldots\ \text{and}\ 0<x<\pi.$$
I conjecture that the inequality as follows holds:
$$\sum_{...
- 1,776
4
votes
0
answers
126
views
Relationship between three different definitions of solutions for ODE with irregular coefficient
What is the difference between the notions of
Regular Lagrangian flow
Filippov solution
Caratheodory solution
of an ODE $\dot \Phi(t,x) = b(t,\Phi(t,x))$, with initial condition $\Phi(0,x) = x$, ...
- 839
3
votes
2
answers
780
views
An integral identity evaluating the gamma function
While reading a number theory paper I encountered the identity
$$ \int_{- \infty}^{\infty} (1 + x^2)^{ - \frac{z}{2} - 1} dx = \sqrt{\pi} \frac{ \Gamma(\frac{z + 1}{2}) }{\Gamma(\frac{z}{2} + 1)},$$
...
- 7,347
5
votes
2
answers
840
views
Decompostition of a Lipschitz domain
We say that $\Omega$ is a strongly star shaped domain (with respect to $0$ for example) in $\mathbb R ^n$ if:
$$\Omega = \{x\in \mathbb R ^n : \left \| x \right \| < g(\frac{x}{\left \| x\right \...
- 291
5
votes
0
answers
91
views
Reference request: sufficiently smooth functions on the plane belong to the projective tensor square of $L^2$ of the line
Let $\newcommand{\ptp}{\widehat{\otimes}}\ptp$ denote the projective tensor product of Banach spaces. Some back of the envelope calcuations, using the Fourier transform and Plancherel/Parseval, ...
- 25.8k
2
votes
1
answer
391
views
Entropy solution for linear transport equation
Consider the transport equations
$$ (1) \qquad \partial_t u + \operatorname{div}(bu) = 0$$
and
$$ (2) \qquad \partial_t u + b \cdot \nabla u= 0$$
Can we define a notion of entropy solutions for (1) ...
- 839
2
votes
1
answer
662
views
Clausen’s identity for associated Legendre polynomials
Clausen’s identity for Legendre polynomials has the form (see, for example,
A generating function of the squares of Legendre polynomials, by Wadim Zudilin: https://arxiv.org/abs/1210.2493)
$$P_n(\cos{\...
- 16.5k
2
votes
1
answer
231
views
Entire composite square roots of functions of finite order
A composite square root of a function $g$ is a function $f$ such that $f(f(z)) = g(z)$. Not surprisingly, for arbitrary $g$ a function like this is hard to find. Specifically I am looking at functions ...
user78249
0
votes
1
answer
117
views
Lorenz ODEs with negative parameters
Consider the Lorenz system
$$\dot{x}(t) = \sigma(y-x) \, ,$$
$$\dot{y}(t) = x(\rho-z) - y \, ,$$
$$\dot{z}(t) = xy-\beta z \, .$$
Usually one considers the parameters $\sigma, \rho,$ and $\beta$ to be ...
- 3,574
2
votes
0
answers
55
views
References for generalized confluent hypergeometric differential equation
According to Wolfram, a generalization of the confluent hypergeometric differential equation is given by:
$$y''+\left(\frac{2R}{x}+2F'+p\frac{H'}{H}-H'-\frac{H''}{H'}\right) y'+\left[\left(p\frac{H'}{...
user161091
7
votes
4
answers
4k
views
Estimating the probability that one Poisson RV is larger than another
Let $X$ and $Y$ be Poisson random variables with means $\lambda$ and $1$, respectively. The difference of $X$ and $Y$ is a Skellam random variable, with probability density function
$$\mathbb P(X - Y ...
- 8,512
10
votes
5
answers
2k
views
Background for Hejhal's "The Selberg Trace Formula for $PSL(2, \mathbb{R})$
Reposted from math.stackexchange where my question received only five views and no answers...
I'm trying to learn the Selberg trace formula, but have very little background in harmonic analysis. I ...
- 7,062
3
votes
2
answers
809
views
Cubic splines convergence?
I am looking for a basic, classical, result on approximating a smooth function using cubic and linear splines. Is there a reference on the convergence, in some sense, of the splines to the function of ...
- 31
2
votes
1
answer
531
views
Radius of the ball where the inverse of Lipschitz maps exists
I am aware of the inverse function theorem for Lipschitz maps, which uses the notion of generalised derivative $\delta_{x_0} f$ of a Lipschitz map $f$, due to F.H.Clarke in On the inverse function ...
- 203
12
votes
2
answers
1k
views
What's a good introduction to category theory for someone doing analysis?
I do functional analysis, and diagrams are popping all over the place. It is about time I learned me some category theory.
Any recommendations?
user76098
4
votes
1
answer
118
views
almost linear ODE
Let $A,B$ be $n\times n$ matrices. I am interested in the following ODE in $\mathbb{R}^n$
$$ \frac{dx_t}{dt}=Ax_t+Bx^+_t $$
where $x_t^+=(x^+_{1,t},...,x^+_{n,t})$ and $(\cdot)^+$ is the rectifier: $...
- 315
1
vote
1
answer
178
views
Growth assumption and example of finite (arbitrarily small) time blow up for ODE
Consider the following ODE initial value problem
\begin{align*}
&\frac{d}{dt}\Phi(t,x) = \boldsymbol{F}(t,\Phi(t,x)), & t \in [0,T], \ \ x \in \mathbb{R}^N,\\
&\Phi(0,x) = x, & x \in \...
- 839
10
votes
2
answers
2k
views
A result of Sierpiński on non-atomic measures
There is a classical result commonly attributed to W. Sierpiński that reads as follows:
Theorem 1. If $f: \Sigma \to \bf R$ is a non-atomic (*) measure on a set $S$, then for every $X \in \Sigma$ ...
- 10.5k
10
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Prove that the Dirichlet eta function is monotonic
Let us consider $\eta(p):= \sum\limits_{n=1}^\infty \frac{(-1)^{n+1}}{n^p}$ for $p>0$. Has anyone come along with an elementary proof that $\eta(x)$ is monotonically increasing on this set? By ...
13
votes
2
answers
2k
views
An alternative proof of the Łojasiewicz inequality
Is there a "brute force proof" of the Łojasiewicz inequality? By "brute force" I mean a proof without introducing the machinery of semianalytic sets and so on but only using elementary results (i.e., ...
- 1,727
12
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Sard's Theorem For Banach Spaces
Given a smooth map from $\phi: B \rightarrow M$ where $B$ is a Banach Space and $M$ is a finite dimensional smooth manifold (for example, the end point map for a control system), what is the strongest ...
- 2,099
18
votes
5
answers
3k
views
Smoothness of $f(\sqrt x)$
I found that I need to use the following facts in a paper that I am writing.
Let $f\in C^\infty(\mathbb R)$, then
If $f(0)=0$, then $f(x)=x g(x)$ for some $g\in C^\infty(\mathbb R)$.
If $f$ is even, ...
- 32.4k
1
vote
1
answer
169
views
Difference quotient for solutions of ODE and Liouville equation
Suppose that $\Phi$ is the solution of
$$\begin{cases}
\frac{d}{dt}\Phi(x,t) = f(\Phi(x,t),t) \quad t >0 \\
\Phi(x,0) = x \quad x \in \mathbb{R}^N
\end{cases}$$
How does one prove that
$$\...
- 839
1
vote
2
answers
540
views
Generating function for products of complex Hermite polynomials
By making use of the generating function
$$\sum_{m=0}^\infty \frac{H_m(x)}{m!} t^m=e^{-t^2 + 2xt} $$ for the real Hermite polynomials $H_m$, we get easily that
$$(*)\quad \sum_{m,n=0}^\infty \frac{u^...
- 650
1
vote
1
answer
3k
views
Is there a standard proof that the L^1 norm > constant * sup norm for functions with derivative bounded above by K on the unit disk in R^n?
Suppose that you have a bounded function $f(x)$ on a compact domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$. It's easy to see from Holder's inequality that
$$
||f||_1 \leq \operatorname{Volume}(D) ||f||_\infty.
$$
There ...
- 747
12
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Reference for a nice proof of "undetermined coefficients"
I'm teaching an honors differential equations class and have been using linear algebra heavily. I thought it would be interesting to include a proof of the method of undetermined coefficients along ...
- 7,273
18
votes
0
answers
439
views
An integral in Gradshteyn and Ryzhik
Section 3.248 of the 4th edition of the table of integrals by Gradshteyn and Ryzhik contains three entries. They are of elementary examples of the beta function. In the 5th edition there are two new ...
- 189
2
votes
3
answers
3k
views
Power series solutions for nonlinear ordinary differential equations - references
I'm having a hard time finding some references on series solutions for "nonlinear" ODE's, the most I could find was a small excerpt on Wikipedia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...
- 579
1
vote
1
answer
247
views
Elliptic interface problem without conditions on the interface
Consider an open domain $U$ split in two non-overlapping subdomains: $U = U_1 \cup U_2$.
For a model case, consider a ball split in a smaller ball and an anulus.
Consider the following elliptic ...
user60665
5
votes
0
answers
136
views
Solving the difference equation in exotic scenarios
The difference equation, as referenced in the title, is a very specific object I'm referring to. If you have a holomorphic function $\phi$ on a domain $G$, then a solution $F$ to the difference ...
user78249
7
votes
0
answers
356
views
Is this proof of Basel identity known?
Today, to divert myself, I tried to find a new proof of Basel identity $\boxed{\sum_{j=1}^\infty\frac{1}{j^2}=\frac{\pi^2}{6}}$. I came up with the following, which essentially interprets the identity ...
- 3,146
3
votes
0
answers
159
views
Upper bound on the geodesic distance in a Lipschitz domain
I was wondering if the following result is true. If yes, could you please suggest a reference. The result seems to have been used at several papers without quoting any reference. Is the proof ...
- 895
5
votes
3
answers
478
views
Nonlinear ODE: $y'=(1+axy)/(1+bxy)$
Consider the first order nonlinear ODE problem:
$$
y'(x)=\frac{1+ay(x)x}{1+by(x)x}, \quad x>0
$$
where $a, b>0$ are some constants. I would like to know if these kind of equations were ...
- 3,946
8
votes
4
answers
4k
views
Approximation by exponential polynomials
Let $u(t) = \Sigma_{k=1}^n c_k e^{\lambda_k t} (c_k \in \mathbb C, \lambda_k \in \mathbb C) $ be an exponential polynomial of order $n$.
Define $E_n$ to be the collection of all exponential ...
- 1,795
3
votes
0
answers
141
views
Partially BV vector fields and renormalization
Why does the approach used to prove Theorem 4.1 in the paper by Le Bris and Lions on Renormalized solutions of some transport equations with partially $W^{1,1}$ velocities and applications not work ...
user123672
2
votes
0
answers
165
views
Jacobian and Jacobian matrix of solutions of ODE with Sobolev vector field
Let $\Phi$ be the Lagrangian flow (defined as in page 6 of this paper) of the ODE
$$\begin{cases}
\frac{d}{dt}\Phi(x,t) = f(\Phi(x,t),t) \quad t >0 \\
\Phi(x,0) = x \quad x \in \mathbb{R}^N
\end{...
user124345
1
vote
1
answer
990
views
Is the existence of $\lim_{n\to\infty}\cos(n!\pi x)$ for given arbitrary irrational $x$ an open problem?
Motivated by a recent MSE question about the sequence of function $\cos(n!\pi x)$, I have read related several related questions:
On the behaviour of $\sin(n!\pi x)$ when $x$ is irrational.
Is there ...
user14319
2
votes
0
answers
199
views
Convergence of the difference quotient of a BV function
Consider a BV function $u \in BV(\mathbb{R}^N; \mathbb{R}^N)$.
What can be said about the difference quotient
$$
\frac{u(x+\epsilon y)-u(x)}{\epsilon}
$$
regarding its convergence as $\epsilon \to 0$...
- 839
16
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Normal approximation of tail probability in binomial distribution
My problem: From the Berry--Esseen theorem I know, that $$\sup_{x\in\mathbb R}|P(B_n \le x)-\Phi(x)|=O\left(\frac 1{\sqrt n}\right),$$ where $B_n$ has the standardized binomial distribution and $\Phi$ ...
- 497
21
votes
1
answer
564
views
Partitions of ${\rm Sym}(\mathbb{N})$ induced by convergent, but not absolutely convergent series
Let $(a_n) \subset \mathbb{R}$ be a sequence such that the series
$\sum_{n=1}^\infty a_n$ converges, but does not converge absolutely.
Then there is a partition of the symmetric group ${\rm Sym}(\...
- 19.6k
2
votes
1
answer
239
views
Projection of a ball in the ambient space to a manifold
Let $B_h (x)$ be the ball of radius $0<h \ll 1$ centered at $x\in \mathbb{R}^d$.
Let $I=[0,1]^{d-1}$ be the unit cube in $\mathbb{R}^{d-1}$, and let $f:I \to \mathbb{R}$ be a $C^2$ function. Then $...
- 3,574
1
vote
0
answers
324
views
Conditions for Poisson summation (for discontinuous functions)
Let $G$ be an locally compact abelian group with $\Gamma$ a discrete cocompact subgroup. I'm looking for precise conditions by which Poisson summation formula holds. That is, for some function $f$ on $...
- 3,799
2
votes
0
answers
187
views
Role of absolute continuity of divergence of BV function in proof of renormalization property
In the paper http://cvgmt.sns.it/paper/436/, the author proves the renormalization property for the flow generated by a vector field $a(t,\cdot) \in BV(\mathbb{R}^N; \mathbb{R}^N)$.
Heuristically, ...
- 839
0
votes
1
answer
242
views
Harnack inequality for fractional laplacian
Let u be a positive solution of $s\in (0, 1) $
\begin{equation}
\left\{\begin{aligned}
(-\Delta )^{s} u &= 0 \text{ in } (-2T, 2T)\\
u &=g\quad\text{in}\quad \mathbb R\setminus(-2T, 2T).
\...
- 402
2
votes
3
answers
471
views
Existence of solution to SDE with perscribed initial and terminal conditions
The SDEs \begin{equation}
dZ_t = \mu(t,Z_t)dt + \sigma(t,Z_t)dW_t
\end{equation} with prescribed initial conditions are well studied. My question came up in my research and I have not found much on ...
- 5,405
1
vote
0
answers
107
views
Level sets of a BV function and its derivative
Given $u \in BV(\Omega; \mathbb{R}^M)$, where $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^N$, what is the relationship between its level sets and its distributional derivative $Db$?
More specifically, does Alberti ...
- 839
3
votes
2
answers
579
views
More recently published comprehensive reference on inequalities in the spirit of Hardy-Littlewood-Pólya
Is there a comprehensive reference book on inequalities in the
spirit of the one written by G.H. Hardy, J.E. Littlewood, and G. Pólya(*), but more up-to-date (i.e., published in more recent years and ...
user60665