All Questions
Tagged with real-analysis sequences-and-series
304 questions
2
votes
1
answer
148
views
Lower semi-continuity of length-dependent functional
Let $f:\mathbb{R}\rightarrow [0,\infty]$ be a lower semi-continuous function and define the functional
$$
\begin{aligned}
F_f:&\ell^1 \rightarrow [0,\infty]\\
(x_n)_{n=0}^{\infty} &\to \sum_{n=...
- 5,405
5
votes
0
answers
343
views
Can the inverse of the Riemann zeta function in $s > 1$ be expressed as a series?
In this post, we are interested in the Rimenann zeta function $\zeta(s)$ in $s > 1$ only where it is strictly decreasing rather than $s$ in the entire complex plane. We have the Stieltjes series ...
- 5,470
3
votes
1
answer
572
views
Remarkable limit involving $m_p=\log_p(p^{x_1} + \cdots + p^{x_n})-\log_p(n)$
It is easy to prove that
$\lim_{p\rightarrow 1} m_p = (x_1 + \cdots + x_n)/n$. The following fact about the derivative of $m_p$ with respect to $p$ is also elementary:
$$m'_p =\frac{dm_p}{dp}
=\frac{1}...
- 3,098
0
votes
0
answers
146
views
Does the following sequence $\{g_n\}$ converge?
Consider a function sequence $\{f_n(t)\}$ ($n\in\mathbb{N}^+$) defined on the interval $(\frac{1}{2},1)$, where
\begin{eqnarray}\label{eqn:constraint1}
f_n(t)=\frac{\exp\left(n\left(\log R(h_t) - th_t\...
- 550
2
votes
1
answer
142
views
Limiting behaviour of elementary sequence
I am curious about the limiting behaviour of a certian sequence of functions
$$f_n:=\left(\sum_{k=1}^{\infty} 2^{-k} e^{i2^{k}/n}\right)^n$$
-where $i$ is the imaginary unit-to get a conjecture about ...
- 536
2
votes
1
answer
280
views
Does the following function series converge?
Let
$$
f_n(x)=\frac{\frac{1}{(n-1)!}\sum_{k=0}^{\lfloor \alpha n-x\rfloor}C_{n-1}^{k}~(-1)^k(\alpha n-x-k)^{n-1}}{\frac{1}{n!}\sum_{k=0}^{\lfloor \alpha n\rfloor}C_{n}^{k}(-1)^k(\alpha n-k)^{n}},
$$ ...
- 550
1
vote
1
answer
218
views
Understanding an identity for dyadic sums
I am reading a paper on PDEs and I has been struggling trying to understand some specific identities (that should be very easy). Let me introduce the main notation of the book, which says that each ...
- 135
12
votes
1
answer
765
views
Possible limit involving the gamma function
Does $$\lim_{n \to \infty} \int_{0}^{1} \Gamma(x)^{n/(n+1)}dx - n$$ exist?
Here's some background. The integral
$$\int_{0}^{1} \Gamma(x) dx$$
diverges rather slowly. Inserting the exponent $n/(n+1)$ ...
- 3,443
2
votes
2
answers
218
views
Convergence for a non-linear second order difference equation
In my work, I need to study the convergence of sequence defined by the non-linear recurrence relation
$$
u_0,u_1>0, \qquad \forall n\in \mathbb N, \; u_{n+2}=a\ln(1+u_n)+b\ln(1+u_{n+1})
$$
with ...
- 1,503
4
votes
2
answers
592
views
From Zurab's integral representation for the Apéry's constant to almost impossible integrals
I would like to know if the following integrals are known, or in case that aren't in the literature we can calculate these in closed-form (in terms of elementary and standard functions). I wondered ...
0
votes
1
answer
84
views
Vanishing sequence and subsequence with particular decay [closed]
Assume I have a sequence $\{a_m\}$ that is vanishing and strictly positive:
$$
0<a_{m+1}\leq a_m\leq\ldots\leq a_1<\infty, \quad \lim_{m\to \infty}a_m = 0
$$
Is it true or false that this has a ...
- 379
13
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Is there a known condition for partial sums of a decreasing positive sequence to take all values up to the total sum?
Let $a_0>a_1>\cdots>0$ have the property that, for each positive $a<\sum_{n\in\Bbb N}a_n$ (admitting $\infty$ for the sum), there is $A\subset\Bbb N$ such that $a=\sum_{n\in A}a_n$ . Are ...
- 2,437
4
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Kolmogorov tightness criterion for stochastic processes
I am searching for the criterion stated above and also here: The question about Kolmogorov tightness criterion.
It should state the following: If a sequence of stochastic processes $(X^n)$ fulfills:
...
- 43
1
vote
1
answer
136
views
Is asymptotic growth bound on a sequence equivalent to an asymptotic growth bound on its partial sum?
The following question was asked at https://mathoverflow.net/questions/360053/asymptotic-growth-bound-on-a-sequence-equivalent-to-an-asymptotic-growth-bound-o, but then deleted by the user:
I ...
- 128k
0
votes
1
answer
197
views
Analyze a complicated double summation
Let $f(x)$ be a real-valued twice continuously differentiable function, and considered the below double sum $$F(t,f(x)):=\dfrac{1}{t}\Big(\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\sum_{m=0}^{\infty}f(x+(k-m)/\sqrt{n})\...
user157884
9
votes
2
answers
2k
views
An inequality involving square roots and sums
I've been trying to prove (maybe even disprove) the following inequality:
$$
\sum_{n=1}^{N} \frac{a_n}{\sqrt{\sum_{i=1}^{n}a_i}} \leq C \sqrt{\sum_{n=1}^{N}a_n}
$$
Where $ a_1,...,a_N\geq 0 $ are ...
- 109
-2
votes
1
answer
314
views
Series representation for $\log(|\zeta(\frac{1}{2}+it)|)$
(Question is short and straight-forward. )
What is/are "nice and non-trivial" series representation/s of $\log(|\zeta(\frac{1}{2}+it)|)$ ??
By "nice and non-trivial" I mean contains no ...
- 375
2
votes
1
answer
200
views
Proof of a discrete isoperimetric inequality
The following inequality appears in the proof of certain isoperimetric-type inequalities for analytic functions in two dimensions:
$$\sum_{m=0}^{\infty}\frac{|c_m|^2}{m+1} \leq \pi \left(\sum_{m=0}^{...
- 434
-1
votes
1
answer
103
views
Sum of $\sum_{1\leq k\leq k'\leq n}\frac{k^{\alpha}}{k'^{\alpha}}$ [closed]
I want to calculute or estimate of order $O(n^{2-\varepsilon})$, where $\varepsilon>0$, of the following sum for $0<\alpha<1$
$$\sum_{1\leq k\leq k'\leq n}\frac{k^{\alpha}}{k'^{\alpha}}.$$
2
votes
2
answers
782
views
Weak version of Karamata's Tauberian theorem
I first posted this on mathematics. However, I got no answer there and it seems adapted here too. Also, it seems to be harder than I first thought.
Karamata's Tauberian theorem states the following. ...
- 2,090
0
votes
1
answer
335
views
On partial sum estimate on the series $S(p,q;s)=\sum_1^q\frac{\sin^2(\frac{p\Gamma(n)}{n})}{n^s}$ and other Generalizations
Consider the following sum :
$$S(p,q;s)=\sum_{n=1}^q\frac{\sin^2(\frac{p\Gamma(n)}{n})}{n^s}$$
Here , $p$ is a variable w.r.t which we are going to analyse the sum.
$s$ is another parameter with ...
- 375
0
votes
0
answers
86
views
Let $f$ be periodic with a continuous image and $a_n = cn$ for some $c > 0$. When is $\{f(a_n)\}$ dense in the image of $f$?
Let $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ be a periodic function with period $T$ and continuous everywhere except perhaps on a countable set, and have an image that's an uncountable subset of $\mathbb{R}$. Let $...
- 277
9
votes
1
answer
556
views
A non-recursive, explicit formula for the Fabius function
The Fabius function $F\colon\mathbb R\to[-1,1]$ may be defined as the unique solution of the functional integral equation
$F(x)=\int_0^{2x}F(t)\,dt$ for all real $x$ such that $F(1)=1$.
The recent ...
- 128k
4
votes
1
answer
339
views
Limit for series of Bessel functions evaluated at zeros
The following series arises in an electrostatics problem for a conducting cylinder:
$$
V=\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{J_0(k_n\rho)e^{-k_nz}}{k_nJ_1(k_n)^2}
$$
where $J_i$ is the Bessel function of $i^{th}$ ...
- 573
6
votes
1
answer
196
views
Circular sequences continuous?
I noticed something interesting when playing around with Mathematica.
Consider the sum
$$x(N)= \frac{1}{N^2} \sum_{i=1}^{N-1} \frac{1}{1-\cos(2\pi i/N)}$$
this sequence will converge to $1/6$ as $N$...
user121558
13
votes
3
answers
720
views
Supremum of $ a_n = a_{n-1}^3 - a_{n-2} $
Let $a_1=0$ and let $ - \ln(2) < a_2 < \ln(2) $
Define
$$ a_n = a_{n-1}^3 - a_{n-2} $$
Then
$$ \sup_{n>2} a_n = a_2 $$
And
$$ \inf_{n>2} a_n = - a_2 $$
How to prove that ?
- 763
11
votes
0
answers
322
views
Does any real function have a Lipschitzian restriction on $D$?
Does any real function have a Lipschitzian restriction on $D$, where $D$ is an infinite subset of $\Bbb R$ with an accumulation point?
- 4,074
1
vote
0
answers
177
views
Do functions $f: \mathbb R \to \mathbb R$ with these properties exist?
Basically, I am trying to determine how exactly and in which ways everywhere discontinuous bijections $f: \mathbb R \to \mathbb R$ "behave when they are unusual".
More precisely, I am trying to ...
user147968
2
votes
3
answers
821
views
Riemann series theorem and uncountable number of sums which sum to every value
I asked on MSE this question which I am going to copy-paste here:
"Wikipedia:
"In mathematics, the Riemann series theorem (also called the Riemann rearrangement theorem), named after 19th-century ...
user147968
6
votes
0
answers
267
views
Convergence of $\sum_{n=1}^\infty x_n^k$
I thought that this question is more suitable for MSE, and asked it there. (Link to the MSE question) However, it does not get any answer despite the upvotes. It appears that I might have ...
- 1,755
1
vote
1
answer
151
views
Original examples of functions of slow increase in the spirit of Jakimczuk
I believe that it is possible to prove that $$f(x)=e^{\operatorname{Ai}(x)}\log x$$ is a function of slow increase in the spirit of the definition given by the author of [1], where $\operatorname{Ai}(...
4
votes
2
answers
145
views
Understanding equiprobable trinomial identity
With $f(x_1,x_2,x_3,x_1+x_2+x_3;\,1/3,1/3,1/3):= \frac{(x_1+x_2+x_3)!}{x_1!\,x_2!\,x_3!\, 3^{x_1+x_2+x_3}}$ denoting the probability mass function of the equiprobable trinomial distribution as in wiki/...
- 284
8
votes
1
answer
552
views
Is $\sum_{k=0}^n (|\sin(k)|-2/\pi) $ bounded by a constant $M$?
I know $\sum_{k=0}^{n} \sin(k)$ is bounded by a constant
and $\sum_{k=0}^{n} \sin(k^2)$ is not bounded by a constant.
Then, what about $\sum_{k=0}^{n} (|\sin(k)|-2/\pi)$?
From numerical ...
- 275
4
votes
2
answers
303
views
Express $\int_0^{\pi/2}\{ \operatorname{gd}^{-1}(x)\}dx$ as series of special functions, with $\operatorname{gd}^{-1}(z)$ the inverse Gudermannian
I know that in the literature there are a lot of integrals involving the fractional part (and other floor and ceiling functions). For some of these integrals is provide its evaluation as a series or ...
0
votes
1
answer
164
views
On double series involving Gregory coefficients and quotients of particular values of the gamma function
Edited, there was a mistake. I've edited because there was a mistake, advertised from the answerer, I hope that now all is right.
Yesterday I got (but I haven't tested it numerically) that
$$\frac{\...
1
vote
2
answers
124
views
How to show that this series of rational functions has a maximum at $x=0$ using the “Descartesschen Regel”?
I am reading an old German paper, and at one step they mention that the function
\begin{equation*}
f(x) := \sum_{k=2}^\infty \frac{(1+x)(k(k-1)^2 + (2+x)(1+x)^2)}{(k+x)^3 (k + 1 + x)^2}
\end{equation*}...
user145347
13
votes
3
answers
810
views
Is $\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{S(n)}{n!}$ an irrational, where $S(n)$ denotes the sum of remainders function?
For each integer $n\geq 1$ we consider the arithmetic function $$S(n)=\sum_{k=1}^n n\text{ mod }k,\tag{1}$$
the sum of remainders function, the arithmetic function A004125 from the OEIS.
Example. We'...
2
votes
1
answer
230
views
Does exist a variant of Frullani's theorem valid for $f(x)=\pi(x)/x$ or $f(x)=\psi(x)/x$, where the numerators are prime-counting functions?
Frullani's theorem is a deep theorem in real analysis with applications, see the Wikipedia Frullani integral and other uses and contexts (see [2]). I wrote two imaginative examples of what can be ...
14
votes
1
answer
900
views
“Taylor series” is to “Volterra series” as “Padé approximant” is to _________?
Padé approximants are often better than Taylor series at representing a function. Given a Taylor series, one can use Wynn's epsilon algorithm to easily produce the Padé approximants to it.
Volterra ...
- 4,897
1
vote
1
answer
457
views
A (surprising?) expression for $e$
I apologise if this is off topic.
Consider the quantity
$$
F(m,n,k)=\frac{(m)_k}{k!n^{k-1} }
$$
where $m,n \in \mathbb{N}.$ For moderately large $n$, it seems that the approximation
$$
\sum_{k=1}^{K} ...
- 10.4k
0
votes
0
answers
185
views
Express $\zeta(n)$, in particular the Apéry's constant, in terms of series involving Gregory coefficients or the Schröder's integral
The idea and motivation of this post is to know if it is possible to express integer arguments of the Riemann zeta function $\zeta(n)$, in particular $\zeta(3)$, in terms of series involving the so-...
1
vote
0
answers
69
views
Recurrence involving families of orthogonal polynomials
Let $ \forall n \in N, n\geq 1$ $$ R_n(x)=(-1)^n n! \displaystyle \frac{(x-1)...(x-n)}{(x(x+1)..(x+n))^2}$$ thus by decomposition in simple element it's easy to see that
$$ (1): \quad R_n(x)= \...
- 417
-3
votes
1
answer
227
views
Is this sequence convergent? [closed]
suppose $\exists S \subset \mathbb{R}$ and a function $f : \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ such that $\forall x_0 \in S $ the sequence $x_{n+1} = f(x_n)$ converge to $x \in S$
now, let $\alpha \...
- 159
1
vote
0
answers
51
views
Convergence acceleration of a series by using optimal parameters
One of the ways of accelerating the convergence of a series is by transforming into a faster series using optimal parameters. Examples of this approach can be found in this paper. I obtained a ...
- 5,470
7
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Signed variant of the Flint Hills series
I asked my Calculus 2 students to come up with a series the convergence of which they are unable to decide. One of the students, Denis Zelent, invented a very interesting one:
$$
\sum_{n = 1}^\infty \...
- 17.2k
3
votes
1
answer
315
views
Where to find the proof of this property?
I am doing some exercises in the analytic and there is a problem as following:
``Let $\{f_n\}_{n \in \mathbb{ N}}$'' to be a positive sequence such that:
$\sum\limits_{n=1}^{+\infty} f_n = 1$.
$\...
- 153
6
votes
1
answer
223
views
Asympotic density of a very simple sequence
Let $A=\{mn(m+n)\mid n,m\in \mathbb{N}_0\}$. Sorted, this is OEIS sequence A088915. What is its asymptotic behavior? It seems approximately $a(n)=O(n^{1.5})$, but not quite.
I'm actually even more ...
- 5,103
2
votes
1
answer
69
views
Decaying of a certain ratio of binomial sums
Consider the two sequences
$$a(n)=\sum_{k=1}^n\binom{n}k\sum_{j=1}^{k/2}\binom{k}{2j}\frac{(2j)!}{j!}$$
and
$$b(n)=\sum_{k=0}^n\binom{n}k^2k!$$
QUESTION. Is this true?
$$\frac{a(n)}{b(n)}\...
- 43.2k
3
votes
1
answer
133
views
A problem with sequences with composition of $\log$s
If $(a_n)_{n \ge 1}$ is a non-negative sequence s.t., $$\sum\limits_{n = c_k}^\infty \frac{a_n}{\log^{(k)} n} < \infty, \, \forall k \ge 1 \overset{?}{\implies} \sum\limits_{n \ge 1} a_n < \...
- 810
6
votes
1
answer
351
views
Looking for infinite series resembling an exponential
I'm looking for some $f(x)$ that has the following property:
$\sum_{x=1}^\infty f(kx) = r^k$
for some real $0 < r < 1$, and at least for strictly positive integer $k$.
Does such an $f(x)$ ...
- 4,897