All Questions
Tagged with nt.number-theory fa.functional-analysis
78 questions
63
votes
5
answers
10k
views
Jean Bourgain's relatively lesser known significant contributions
Jean Bourgain passed away on December 22, 2018.
A great mathematician is no longer with us.
Terry Tao has blogged about Bourgain's death and mentioned some of his more recent significant contributions,...
38
votes
2
answers
13k
views
What, exactly, has Louis de Branges proved about the Riemann Hypothesis?
I know this is a dangerous topic which could attract many cranks and nutters, but:
According to Wikipedia [and probably his own website, but I have a hard time seeing exactly what he's claiming] Louis ...
- 1,990
13
votes
1
answer
528
views
Are the logarithms of the integer polynomials discrete in $L^1$ of the unit circle?
Tautologically, the integer polynomials form a discrete set in $L^1$ of the unit circle. On the other hand, a set of logarithms ordered by norm becomes generally rather denser than the original set.
...
- 13.8k
10
votes
2
answers
925
views
Isomorphisms between spaces of test functions and sequence spaces
I am in the process of writing some self-contained notes on probability theory in spaces of distributions, for the purposes of statistical mechanics and quantum field theory. Perhaps the simplest ...
9
votes
1
answer
346
views
Is there a uniform solution of the Ruziewicz problem?
For any integer $n\geq 2$ there is one and only one (up to rescaling) rotation-invariant, finitely-additive measure on the Lebesgue $\sigma$-algebra of $S^n$.
The proof of this statement I'm aware of ...
- 91
9
votes
1
answer
299
views
Sequence of nested sets in $[0, 1]$ with bound on gaps
What is the best possible $\epsilon$ and sequence $(a_n)_{n = 1}^\infty \subset [0, 1]$ we can find such that
$$
d_{N}:=\sup_{x\in [0,1]}\inf_{n=1}^N |x-a_n|\leq \frac{1+\epsilon}{N}
$$
for all $N\in ...
user78817
8
votes
3
answers
526
views
Lower bound for spectral radius on $\operatorname{GL}(n,\mathbb{Z})$
Consider the group of matrices $G =\operatorname{GL}(n,\mathbb{Z})$ with integer entries and determinant $\pm 1$. For each matrix $D \in G$, the product of the eigenvalues of $D$ is equal to $\det D =\...
- 345
8
votes
1
answer
1k
views
A reformulation of the Riemann Hypothesis
I am studying Sieve theory from Iwaniec's notes. I have come across a theorem which estimates $\varphi(x,N)=\#\{1\leq n \leq x:(n,N)=1\}$, where $N$ is product of distinct primes.
Let's define $R(x,...
- 1,692
8
votes
0
answers
265
views
$L^2$ norms of Whittaker vectors and zeros of Intertwining operators
For $\mu,\nu\in \mathbb{C}^2$ we denote $I(\mu,\nu)$ to be the principal series of $\mathrm{GL}_2(\mathbb{Q}_p)$ induced from $|.|^\mu\otimes |.|^\nu$. For $s=\mu-\nu$ one defines the standard ...
- 1,692
7
votes
4
answers
2k
views
Invariant means on the integers
Let $A\subseteq\mathbb Z$, as usual we define the lower Beurling density $d^{-}(A)=\lim\inf_{n\rightarrow\infty}\frac{|A\cap[-n,n]|}{2n+1}$ and the upper Beurling density $d^+(A)=\lim\sup_{n\...
- 6,034
7
votes
3
answers
1k
views
A Question concerning the Fourier Transform of $\mathbb{R}$
Consider the classical Schwartz space $\mathcal{S}(\mathbb{R})$ together with the Fourier transform $\mathcal{F} : \mathcal{S}(\mathbb{R}) \rightarrow \mathcal{S}( \mathbb{R})$.
Consider the subspace ...
- 11.2k
7
votes
1
answer
334
views
Extremal problem for 2-dimensional lattices
Given a lattice $L$ in a Banach space $(B,\|\;\|)$, one denotes by $\lambda_1(L)$ the least norm of a nonzero element in $L$, and by $\lambda_k$ the least $\lambda$ such that there is a linearly ...
- 16.6k
7
votes
1
answer
286
views
a.e. convergence of the powers of an operator built from rotations
Consider two numbers $a,b\in R/Z$ and some integer $p\geq 1$. Let $T:L^p(R/Z)\rightarrow L^p(R/Z)$ be the operator given by
$$T(f)(x)=1/2(f(x+a)+f(x+b))$$
For which values of $a,b$ do we have almost ...
- 18.7k
7
votes
0
answers
162
views
Relation between the additive Haar measure on $(K,+)$ and the multiplicative Haar measure on $K^{*}$ for a global field $K$
The following question comes from my studying of Alain Connes's paper Trace Formula in Noncommutative Geometry and the Zeros of the Riemann Zeta Function. In it, on p. 11, Connes notes that if $K$ is ...
- 1,805
7
votes
0
answers
198
views
The spectrum of the Banach algebra of certain arithmetic functions under Dirichlet convolution
I was thinking about using the tools of functional analysis to study some subring of arithmetic functions under Dirichlet convolution. If I let $D_s$ be the ring of arithmetic functions with finite ...
- 190
7
votes
0
answers
373
views
What is known about "almost orthogonal vectors"?
Motivation:
Suppose we have a kernel $k(a,b)$ defined over the natural numbers.
Then by the Moore–Aronszajn theorem, we can embedd the natural number $a$ in some Hilbert space $\mathbb{H}$, which we ...
user6671
6
votes
1
answer
249
views
Syndetic sets and Banach limits: reference request
First of all, let us give a few definitions. Suppose that $A$ is a subset of natural numbers. We say that $A$ is syndetic if there is a constant $M$ such that every set of $M$ consecutive natural ...
- 7,193
6
votes
1
answer
340
views
The abc-conjecture over the positive rationals and Levy-Schoenberg kernels?
I am continuing the "abc-adventure" and have a specific question, which needs some explanation:
In this paper by Gangolli, the term "Levy-Schoenberg" kernel is defined (Definition 2.3).
Consider the ...
user6671
6
votes
1
answer
425
views
Uniform definition of $S(\mathbb{R})$ and $S(\mathbb{Q}_p)$
Let $\mathcal{P}=\{\infty, 2,3,5,7,11,\ldots\}$ be the set of primes of $\mathbb{Q}$ and let $\mathbb{Q}_p$ denote the corresponding completions, so in particular $\mathbb{Q}_{\infty}=\mathbb{R}$.
Is ...
6
votes
0
answers
348
views
Recent work on Pseudo-Laplacian and Pseudo-cuspform in the spirit of Riemann Hypothesis after the work of Bombieri and Garrett
( This is my first MO question . I'm totally inexperienced on MO so, forgive me for my mistakes .)
Paul Garrett and Enrico Bombieri were (are?) Secretly Working on Pseudo-Laplacians and Pseudo-...
user153636
6
votes
0
answers
733
views
$f(x) \ne g(x)$ but $f(f(x))=g(g(x))$ - is there a name/some discussion of this property?
In the context of iteration of functions I look at the eigenvalues of the associated matrixoperator/Carleman-matrix .
If a function $\small f(x)$ has a negative eigenvalue in its associated ...
- 5,342
5
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Bruhat-Schwartz functions and derivatives in p-adic numbers
First of all, I am not an expert in neither classical, nor $p$-adic functional analysis, but anyway, I stumbled over the following lately:
Let $\varphi:\mathbb{Q}_p\rightarrow\mathbb{C}$.
...
- 105
5
votes
3
answers
2k
views
Extension of Poisson Summation formula
Under the condition f continuous, integrable and:
$|f(t)| + |\hat{f}(t)| \le C (1+|t|)^{-1-a}$ (with a>0)
we have the twisted Poisson formula that holds (where $\chi(n)$ is a primitive Dirichlet ...
- 1,199
5
votes
1
answer
190
views
Describing the Gamma-transform explicitly in terms of power series
The Gamma transform of a measure is defined as follows. If $\alpha$ is a $\mathbf{Z}_p$-valued measure on $\mathbf{Z}_p$, then the Gamma transform of $\alpha$ is:
$$\Gamma_{\alpha}(s) = \int_{\mathbf{...
- 1,949
5
votes
0
answers
118
views
Good (Sidon) Approximation of "Bumps"
Given a rational point $p\in S^1$ and a continuous function $f:S^1\rightarrow \mathbb C$, we say that $f$ is an $\epsilon$-bump around $p$ (for some $\epsilon>0$) if $f(p)=1,|f|_{\infty}\leq 1+\...
- 113
5
votes
0
answers
168
views
Functional equations about Conway's box function
Conway's box function is the inverse of Minkowski's question mark function. It maps the dyadic rationals on the unit interval to the rationals using the Stern-Brocot tree (Farey sequence).
The ...
- 213
4
votes
1
answer
237
views
Meromorphic continuation of local zeta integrals
Let $f$ be a Maass cusp form for $\text{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$ on the upper half plane. Let $\varphi_0$ be its lift to an automorphic form on $G = \text{PGL}_2(\mathbb{R})$ and let $\pi = \pi_{f} =\langle ...
- 163
4
votes
1
answer
633
views
Quantum Mechanics derivation of Wallis' Formula?
Recently there was a proof of the Wallis Product using quantum mechanics on the arXiv. However, there are many proofs of the result, Wikipedia has 4.
Fine Print the first proof has on Wikipedia, the ...
- 22.8k
4
votes
0
answers
189
views
About the structure of smooth automorphic forms
Recently I read Prof. Cogdell's notes: Lectures on L-functions, Converse Theorems, and Functoriality for $GL_n$. (Co)
In chap.2.3, the conception of smooth automorphic forms is introdued. Explicitly, ...
- 111
4
votes
0
answers
197
views
Bailey's lemma in number theory
A pair of sequences $(α_n,β_n)$ is called a Bailey pair if they are related by
$$\beta_n=\sum_{r=0}^n\frac{\alpha_r}{(q;q)_{n-r}(aq;q)_{n+r}}$$
or equivalently
$$\alpha_n = (1-aq^{2n})\sum_{j=0}^n\...
- 41
3
votes
2
answers
3k
views
Uniqueness of power series
Is there two sequences of real numbers $a_i$ and $b_i\neq 8$, not depending on $x$, such that $x^8=\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}a_kx^{b_k}$ for all $x$?
If $\displaystyle\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}a_kx^{b_k}=\sum_{k=1}...
- 39
3
votes
1
answer
273
views
Real modular form, inverse transform
The real Eisenstein series
$G_s^* = \frac{\Gamma(s)}{\pi^s} \sum'_{m,n}\frac{Im(\tau)}{|m+n \tau|^{2s}}$
admits the following integral representation (their Mellin transform):
$G_s^* = \frac{1}{2}...
- 303
3
votes
1
answer
172
views
1-1 map on the $\{0,1\}^k$
Let integer $k>0$ and let $\{0,1\}^k$ denote the set of all $1\times k$-dim vectors whose every coordinate is eithor 0 or 1, for example, $(0,1,1,0,\dots,1,0,0,1)$. For any such vector $\alpha$, ...
- 349
3
votes
1
answer
541
views
Adelic Schwartz class
I am not a specialist in automorphic forms, can someone explain to me typical elements of adelic Schwartz class, $\mathcal{S}(\mathbb{A})$. Over the real numbers there are obviously elements like:
$$ ...
- 22.8k
3
votes
1
answer
445
views
Bohr sets, Coin-flip sets and Roth's theorem
I have been learning about Roth's theorem, trying to understand how Fourier series and dynamical systems (or even graph theory and binary sequences)are involved in counting arithmetic sequences in ...
- 22.8k
3
votes
1
answer
497
views
Possible to have Poisson Summation formula with coefficient of modular forms? (for some functions)
Taking a modular form such that we have Fricke involution:
$\sum_{n=1} a_n e^{-\pi nx^2} = \frac{A}{x^k} \sum_{n=1} a_n e^{-\pi \frac{n}{x^2}}$ [1]
I would like to know if there exists results on ...
- 1,199
3
votes
1
answer
181
views
Reference request - spectral radius formula for linear transformations in char p
I am finishing up a paper and I would like to be able to quote a theorem that does what
is said in the title. To be specific let me introduce some notations:
${\bf F}$ is a local field of ...
3
votes
0
answers
117
views
Arithmetic progressions and removal lemmas for graphs in arithmetic combinatorics
As it is well known, one can gets a proof of Roth's Theorem concerning arithmetic progressions of length 3 (APs for short) by using the celebrated Ruzsa-Szemerédi triangle removal lemma for graphs.
In ...
- 1,561
3
votes
0
answers
174
views
On continuous seminorms on Fréchet-Stein algebras
Let $K$ be a discretely valued complete non-archimedean field and $U$ be a left Fréchet-Stein algebra as defined in Algebras of p-adic distributions and admissible representations, with a Fréchet-...
- 541
3
votes
0
answers
77
views
Unitary with entries $(i,j)$ only on equidistant lattice points $\|i-j\|^2 = c^2 \in \mathbb{N}$
My research needs help in finding examples of unitary matrices $U$ which have entries
\begin{align}
U_{ij} = \begin{cases} \alpha_{ij}, \ \text{ if } \|i-j\|^2 = c^2 \\ 0 , \text{ otherwise} \end{...
- 41
3
votes
0
answers
175
views
polynomial relations between modular functions
$\newcommand{\Qbar}{\overline{\mathbb{Q}}}$
We define a modular function to be a meromorphic modular form of weight 0 for some subgroup (not necessarily congruence) $\Gamma\le\text{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$ ...
- 10.7k
3
votes
0
answers
443
views
Infinite sums with Mobius Inversion : can we have uniform convergence of inversion formula?
My question is on Mobius inversion formula convergence/properties when used with infinite sums of function.
Lets consider (on $\mathbb{R}^{+}$):
$$S(x)= \sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} f(nx)$$
We call $...
- 1,199
2
votes
1
answer
278
views
Diophantine equations and ergodic theorems
In the paper by Akos Magyar, Diophantine Equations and Ergodic Theorems, one states in page 923 the following theorem:
Theorem 1: Let $Q(m)$ be a nondegenerate polynomial and $\Lambda$ is ...
2
votes
1
answer
920
views
Fourier transform of the von Mangoldt function?
Wikipedia states under the entry for the von Mangoldt function:
The Fourier transform of the von Mangoldt function gives a spectrum with spikes at ordinates equal to imaginary part of the Riemann ...
- 10.5k
2
votes
1
answer
223
views
Infinite sum of asymptotic expansions
I have a question about an infinite sum of asymptotic expansions:
Assume that $f_k(x)\sim a_{0k}+\dfrac{a_{1k}}{x}+\dfrac{a_{2k}}{x^2}+\cdots$
with $a_{0k}\leq \dfrac{1}{k^2}$, $a_{1k}\leq \dfrac{1}{k^...
- 21
2
votes
0
answers
95
views
Uncertainty principle: minimize $\int_{-\infty}^\infty |t| |\widehat{f}(t)|^2 dt$ for $f$ of compact support
This is a question of uncertainty-principle type stemming from Eigenvalue of a convolution and a restriction?
Let $f:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ be even, absolutely continuous and supported in $[-\frac{...
- 20.2k
2
votes
0
answers
76
views
Function that is (essentially) a self-convolution but not a multiple of a self-convolution
Call a function $F:\mathbb{R}\to C$ nice if it is of the form $F = f\ast \tilde{f}$, where $\tilde{f}(x) = \overline{f(-x)}$. (Of course nice functions are precisely those whose Fourier transform is ...
- 20.2k
2
votes
0
answers
194
views
Functions such that the *integral* of the Fourier transform is non-negative?
Let $f:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ be in $L^1$, with its Fourier transform $\widehat{f}$ also in $L^1$. What is a necessary and sufficient condition on $f$ so that
$$\int_{-\infty}^x \widehat{f}(t) dt \...
- 20.2k
2
votes
0
answers
136
views
Eigenfunction of $h\mapsto H(h')|_{[-1,1]}$?
Let $H$ be the Hilbert transform. Is there a continuous, even function $h:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ with support on $[-1,1]$ such that, for some $\lambda\in \mathbb{R}$,
$$H(h')(t) = \lambda h(t)$$
...
- 20.2k
2
votes
0
answers
132
views
Wiener-Ikehara Theorem and Signal Processing
I am trying to understand the Wiener-Ikehara Tauberian theorem which can be a step to understanding the prime number theorem. Let
$$ \hat{a}(s) = \int_0^\infty e^{-us}\, da(u) $$
with $a(u)$ some ...
- 22.8k