Questions tagged [duality]
Use for questions regarding duality of mathematical object, i.e. dual spaces, objects with two possible interpretations etc.
312 questions
2
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Associator of the "dual" monoidal structure of a Grothendieck--Verdier Category
In A duality formalism in the spirit of Grothendieck and Verdier, Boyarchenko and Drinfeld consider a monoidal category $(\mathcal{M}, \otimes, \mathbf{1})$ together with an object $K \in \mathcal{M}$ ...
- 95
5
votes
1
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611
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The topological duals of spaces of finite measures
In volume 1 of "Linear Operators", Dunford and Schwartz say that (footnote F1, page 374)
"No completely satisfactory representation for the conjugate space of $ba(S, \Sigma)$, $ca(S, \Sigma)$ or $...
- 5,407
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4
answers
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Applications of linear programming duality in combinatorics
So, I know that one can apply the strong LP duality theorem to specific instances of maximum flow problems to recover some nontrivial theorems in combinatorics, such as Hall's theorem, Koenig's ...
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0
votes
1
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170
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On the dual of Banach space [closed]
let $X$ be a (complex) Banach space, and $\{x_n\}$ is a sequence in $X$. Suppose that for any $f\in X'$, $$\sum_{n=1}^\infty |f(x_n)|<\infty.$$ Show that there exists a constant $\mu>0$ such ...
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1
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Do doubly infeasible Linear Programming problems always have doubly infeasible bases?
Consider a Linear Programming problem in dictionary form,
$$\max\Big\{f^\pi+\!\!\!\sum_{j\in D(\pi)}\!\! d^\pi_jx_j~\Big|~\forall~i\!\in\!B(\pi)~~~ b^\pi_i+\!\!\!\sum_{j\in D(\pi)}\!\! G^\pi_{ij}x_j\...
- 21
1
vote
0
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187
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Strong Duality of Mixed Integer Linear Program
The problem at hand is to optimize a mixed-integer linear program closely related to the maximum flow problem. I would like to reformulate the problem with its dual and I'm concerned with the ...
- 11
1
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0
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127
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Proof/reference for a variant of Pontryagin duality
Let $X,X'$ be locally compact abelian groups with a non-degenerate quadratic form
$\left<\bullet ,\bullet \right>\colon X\times X' \to \mu_{l}$,
where $l$ is a prime, and $\mu_l$ the group of $...
- 3,362
7
votes
2
answers
847
views
Criterion for being reflexive via Ext
In this question it was claimed that if a module $M$ over a noetherian domain $R$ satisfies $\rm{Ext}^i(M,R)=0$ for $i=1,2$, then $M$ is reflexive. Is this true? Does someone know a reference or a ...
- 3,031
4
votes
1
answer
299
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Dual of colimit in $\text{Ban}_1$
I learned in J. Castillo's Hitchhiker guide to categorical Banach space theory that, by a theorem of Semadeni and Zidenberg, limits and colimits exist in the category $\text{Ban}_1$ of Banach spaces ...
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1
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0
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588
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How is the duality pairing of $H^{1/2}$ and $H^{-1/2}$ defined on a subset of the boundary?
Let $\Omega\in \mathbb{R}^d$,for $d\in \{2,3\}$ be a bounded polyhedral set with $n$ boundary faces labeled $\{e_i\}_{i=1}^n$.
Let $\vec{q}\in H^{\mathrm{div}}(\Omega).$ Given $u\in H^{1/2}(\...
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5
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1
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225
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Is the biproduct of dualizable objects itself dualizable
In a monoidal category with biproducts, let $A$ and $B$ be objects with right duals. Then does $A \oplus B$ have a right dual?
The question is a bit subtle. Suppose I already know that $A \oplus B$ ...
- 2,513
1
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0
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48
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Duality of plurisubharmonic functions
Let $F$ be a cone of upper bounded upper semicontinuous functions on a compact set set $X$ containing all the constants. Let $z\in X $ and define a class of positive measure by $$M_z^F=\{ \mu : u(z)...
- 51
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167
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Conditions under which the dual function is self-concordant
Consider the following optimization problem
\begin{align}
\min_{x}&\quad f(x)\\
\nonumber \text{subject to } \quad&h_i(x) = 0,\,i=1,\ldots,m\\
\nonumber \quad&x\in X\subseteq\...
- 179
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167
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Open nature of $\mathcal{H}om$ functor/upper semi-continuity of $\operatorname{Ext}^i$
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field, $T$ a $k$-scheme (can assume connected) and $X$ a projective variety over $k$. Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a coherent (pure) sheaf on $X \times_k T$ flat over $T$. ...
- 1,981
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Description of $\big(\ell^\infty(\mathbb N)\big)^{\!*}$ via ultrafilters
Let $\beta\mathbb N$ is the set of ultrafilters on $\mathbb N$ and $\mathscr F\in\beta\mathbb N$. Assume that $l_{\mathscr F}\in\big(\ell^\infty(\mathbb N)\big)^{\!*}$ is the functional which assigns ...
- 2,933
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The metric gives the optimal element in a class
In geometry there is plenty of examples in which the following happens:
Some elements are considered equivalent, in some topological or algebraic sense
We take the quotient
The metric is usually not ...
- 2,129
10
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0
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952
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Dimensions of dual vector spaces
Let $V_F$ be an infinite dimensional right $F$-vector space (over a field $F$, or even over a division ring). The dual space $V^{\ast}={\rm Hom}(V,F)$ is naturally a left $F$-vector space (coming ...
- 18.7k
2
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1
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Representation of the elements of $c_0^\perp$ as integrals over ultrafilters
Let
$$
X=\big\{\varphi\in\ell_\infty^{\,*}(\mathbb N) : \varphi(\{a_n\})=0\,\,\text{whenever $a_n\to 0$}\big\}.
$$
If $\varphi_{\mathscr F}(\{a_n\})$ is the limit of $\{a_n\}$ with respect to the non-...
- 2,933
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0
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133
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Finding the Lagrangian dual problem for a quadratic programm [closed]
I've problems to find the Lagrangian dual problem to
\begin{align*}
\min \limits_{x \in \mathbb{R}^n} \; \frac{1}{2} x^{ T} Q x + q^{T} x \\
\text{s.t.} \quad
Ax &=b \\
x &\geq 0
\end{...
- 11
10
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2
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1k
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Self-dual plane curves
Suppose that $C\subset \mathbb P^2$ is a plane projective curve (base field is $\mathbb C$) and $C^*\subset (\mathbb P^2)^*$ is its dual. What are the known examples in which $C$ is projectively (i.e.,...
- 1,939
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2
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716
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Is the realtive dualizing sheaf Cohen-Macaulay?
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field and let $X$ be a finite type $k$-scheme that is Cohen-Macaulay and equidimensional. Under these assumptions there is a relative dualizing sheaf $\omega_{X/k}$ ...
- 825
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1
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157
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When do two quasi-Banach spaces with identical dual spaces have equivalent norms?
Let $X$ and $Y$ be two quasi-Banach spaces such that the dual spaces satisfy $X^*=Y^*$.
I want to know if there are some conditions that imply $X=Y$ (in the sense of equivalent norms).
18
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2
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731
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What categorical property of monoidal categories picks out the ones with duals?
Recall that a monoidal category $\mathcal C$ is rigid if every object $X\in \mathcal C$ has both left and right duals, i.e. objects $X^l$ and $X^r$ with maps $X^l \otimes X \to \mathbf 1 \to X \otimes ...
- 54.6k
2
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1
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161
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How do we know the map is $w^{*}$-continuous?
I am reading a paper by David Blecher, which contains the following:
" If $T: Y \to Z$ is a surjective isometric module map between $W^{*}$-modules over $M$, then $T$ is unitary. Also, $T$ is a $w^{*}...
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1
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380
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Duality and Euler paths in graphs
I'm computer scientist and in one of my researches I'm facing this question:
if I have a planar graph that admits an Euler path (i.e. has 0 or 2 odd degree vertices, as Euler's theorem says), then his ...
- 21
2
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1
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299
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Creating Duals in A Category
Before stating my question I would like to provide afew motivating examples:
Examples:
In the category of Finitely-generated-projective $R$-modules, we have that:
$M^{\vee}:=Hom_R(M,R)$ satisfies: $...
- 5,405
0
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1
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167
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Natural Poisson brackets on $S(V^*)$
Let $V$ be a finite dimensional vector space and $S(V)$ the corresponding symmetric algebra. Suppose that we have a Poisson bracket $\lambda = \{,\}: S(V) \otimes S(V) \to S(V)$. Let $V^*$ be the dual ...
- 6,211
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4
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Why is there a duality between spaces and commutative algebras?
1) The category of affine varieties over $\mathbb{C}$ is equivalent to the opposite category of finitely generated reduced algebras over $\mathbb{C}$. The equivalence associates to an affine variety ...
- 9,491
3
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1
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1k
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Relative dualizing sheaf (reference, behavior)
Let $\mathcal{C}\rightarrow S$ a flat projective family of locally complete intersection projective curves over a integral noetherian scheme (say a spectrum of a local ring). I was wondering whether ...
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0
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265
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Isbell duality in Joyal and Street's Introduction to Tannaka Duality
In Sec. 3 of Joyal and Street's Introduction to Tannaka Duality and Quantum Groups, the authors give a commutative triangle of isomorphisms of compact topological groups (Corollary 8). This diagram ...
- 183
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1
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600
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Grothendieck-Verdier duality for affine morphisms
Suppose $X,Y$ are varieties over $\mathbb{C}$, $Y$ is smooth and $X$ is Gorenstein ($X$ is not smooth in my case). Let $f: X \to Y$ be an affine morphism, and each fibre of $f$ has the same dimension $...
- 3,472
11
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1
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524
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Elementary proof of a triangular grid lemma
I am looking for an elementary proof of the following lemma, which concerns what Green and Tao call "triangular grids" (see arXiv:1208.4714).
Let $a_1$, $a_2$, $a_3$, $a_4$, $b_1$, $b_2$ be six ...
- 1,174
4
votes
1
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215
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Dual cone of 'positive' Bochner integrable functions
If we consider the space of integrable functions $L^1([0,1];\mathbb{R})$, it can be ordered by the convex cone of positive integrable functions $L^1([0,1];\mathbb{R}_+)$. It is known that the ...
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0
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93
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Do copairings provide dualities in derived categories?
Here is an elementary fact about vector spaces. Let $V,W$ be vector spaces over a field $\mathbb K$ and let $c : \mathbb K \to V \otimes W$ be an element of the tensor product. Then $c$ determines ...
- 54.6k
3
votes
1
answer
350
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Predual of a subspace
Let $E$ be a Banach space, let $d\ge 1$ be an integer. Let $\mathcal G$ be a weakly closed subspace of
$(E^*)^d$ with finite codimension.
I would like know if the space $\mathcal G$ is a dual space $\...
- 16.2k
2
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0
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128
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Local duality for abelian varieties
Let $A$ be an abelian variety over a p-adic field $K$. Let $I$ be the inertia group of $K$. There is a Yoneda pairing $$H^n(\hat{\mathbb{Z}},A^I) \times Ext^{2-n}_{\hat{\mathbb{Z}}}(A^I,\mathbb{Z}) \...
- 213
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1
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Dual of Banach-valued $L^p$ [duplicate]
Let $X$ be an infinite-dimensional Banach space and let $p\in(1,+\infty)$. We may define $L^p(\mathbb R;X)$. Is it always true that the topological dual of $L^p(\mathbb R;X)$ is $L^{p'}(\mathbb R;X^*)...
- 16.2k
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1
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What would be an infinity-groupoid analogue of the duality between sets and complete atomic boolean algebras?
Consider the object classifier of the $\infty$-topos of $\infty$-groupoids. For the role it plays in homotopy type theory as the type of types, let’s denote it as $Type = \coprod_{[F]} B Aut(F)$, the ...
- 5,094
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3
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Dual cell structures on manifolds
Suppose that $M$ is a compact manifold without boundary (smooth if you like), and suppose further that $M$ is equipped with a regular CW-complex structure. Denote the face poset of this CW-complex by $...
- 7,857
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0
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98
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Unique representability of bounded distributive lattices
Priestley Duality assigns to every bounded distributive lattice $L$ a compact totally order-disconnected topological space $P(L)$, also called a Priestley space.
A poset $(P,\leq)$ is called (...
- 48.9k
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185
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Is the isomorphism between $BMO/\mathbb{R}$ and $(H^1(\mathbb{R}^n))^{\star}$ isometric?
Let $BMO$ the space of bounded mean oscillation functions on $\mathbb{R}^n$ equipped with the Lebesgue measure. If $Q\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ a cube, let $m_Q f$ the average of a function $f\in L^1_{loc}(...
- 1,616
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2
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Is there any relationship between the topologies of the clique complex and the independence complex?
Let $G$ be a simple graph on a finite vertex set. The clique complex $X(G)$ is the simplicial complex whose faces are complete subgraphs of $G$, and the independence complex $I(G)$ is the simplicial ...
- 7,857
19
votes
3
answers
2k
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Classification of rings satisfying $a^4=a$
We have the famous classification of rings satisfying $a^2=a$ (for each element $a$) in terms of Stone spaces, via $X \mapsto C(X,\mathbb{F}_2)$. Similarly, rings satisfying $a^3=a$ are classified by ...
- 63.1k
1
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1
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218
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Does projective duality preserve arithmetic-Cohen-Macaulay-ness?
Let $V$ be a vector space over $\mathbb{C}$.
Suppose $X\subset \mathbb{P} V$ is an algebraic variety, and consider its projective dual variety $X^\vee \subset \mathbb{P} V^*$. If the coordinate ring $\...
- 569
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0
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264
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Does GKZ's reflexivity theorem imply the Plucker formula?
Let $S\subset\mathbb{P}^n$, Gelfand-Kapranov-Zelevinsky defined its dual variety $S^\vee\subset\mathbb{P}^{n^\ast}$. In this paper (http://arxiv.org/pdf/math/0111179v1.pdf), the author obtained the ...
- 3,187
2
votes
1
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771
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Why is the Tate local duality pairing compatible with the Cartier duality pairing?
This question is a follow up to Why is the norm map dual to restriction under Tate local duality?
Let $A$ and $B$ be dual abelian schemes over a base scheme $S$. For an integer $n \ge 1$, consider ...
- 1,103
3
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2
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828
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Why is the norm map dual to restriction under Tate local duality?
Let $L/K$ be a finite Galois extension of nonarchimedean local fields, and let $A$ and $A^t$ be dual abelian varieties over $K$. Tate local duality tells us that $A^t(K)$ and $H^1(K, A)$ are ...
- 1,103
3
votes
1
answer
320
views
Profinite completion of a partial order
In Johnstone's Stone Spaces it is proved that the category of profinite partial orders is (equivalent to) the category of ordered Stone spaces (also called Priestley spaces) and that the obvious ...
- 161
6
votes
3
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1k
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opposite category
In the 2-category Cat of small categories, for each category $C$ (an object of Cat) there is also the dual category (I dare not write "dual object") $C^{op}$.
Is ${op}$ the instance in Cat of a more ...
- 476
1
vote
3
answers
450
views
Smooth affine algebras are Calabi-Yau
Are all smooth affine algebras over a field Calabi-Yau?
I'm thinking yes since they satisfy Van den Bergh duality with dualizing module themselves (have I made a mistake in this reasoning)/
- 27