Questions tagged [plane-geometry]
Plane Geometry is about flat shapes like lines, circles and triangles , shapes that can be drawn on a piece of paper
501 questions
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A question on Möbius strip and Jordan curve
If $A\subset \Bbb R^2$ then is the following statement true?
$\{(x,y)\in {(A\times A)/ \sim}\,\,\,|\,\, (x,y)\sim(y,x)\}\simeq$ Möbius strip $\iff A$ is a Jordan curve.
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Point of concurrency [closed]
I am looking for the proof of the following claim:
Claim: Let $\triangle ABC$ be an arbitrary triangle, $D$ its nine-point center and $E,F,G$ are the nine-point centers of the triangles $\triangle ...
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Polar interpretation of convexity
Let $C$ be a convex polygon in the plane containing the origin, and let $r(\theta)$ for $\theta\in[0,2\pi)$ be a parametrization of its boundary. Is there a condition on $r$ that is equivalent to (or ...
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What Islamic tiling patterns are constructible?
Eric Broug in his book Islamic Geometric Patterns gives
straightedge and compass construction of some simpler patterns.
It is clear his techniques will provide constructions for many
Islamic patterns.
...
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Left and right halves of convex curve
Let $S$ be a set of $n$ points in the plane in general position (no 3 on a line), $n$ even.
A halving line is a line through $2$ points of $S$ that partitions $S$ into 2 equal parts ($(n-2)/2$ points ...
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Is there any Menelaus-type theorem for polynomials?
Consider $n+3$ polynomials of degree $n$, say $P_1(x) , ... P_{n+3}(x)$.
In addition, consider that there are distinct (it is not necessary that all of them be distinct) numbers $x_{ij}$ for $1 \...
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Geometric realization of an abstract triangulation of the plane
Can every abstract simplicial complex whose geometric realization is homeomorphic to $\mathbb{R}^2$ be realized by a rectilinear triangulation of the Euclidean plane? Alternatively put, can a curvy (...
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Cubic curve closest to the given set of points
Assume we are given the set $S$ of $n$ points on the real plane and want to draw a parametrized cubic curve (actually a segment of Bézier spline) with fixed startpoint in such a way, that the ...
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A new theorem in projective geometry
My question: I am looking for a proof of problem as following:
Introduction: When I research a theorem as following:
Theorem 1: Let $ABC$ be a triangle, let $(S)$ be a circumconic of $ABC$, let $P$...
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Bounding the number of points at integral distance from vertices of a triangle
Can the number of points at integral distance to all three points of a non-degenerate triangle of area $A$ be bounded by $1+cA$ for some suitable constant $c$?
Remark: Since it is easy to bound this ...
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Collinearity in bicentric polygons
Can you provide a proofs for the following two claims?
Claim 1. The circumcenter, the incenter, and the intersection of the principal diagonals in a bicentric even-sided polygon are collinear.
Claim ...
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Curiosity about "conditional trig identities"
Perhaps this should be cross-posted on Math Stackexchange, but it came up in the context of some research mathematics (quaternion orders, etc.) In this context, I have three angles $\alpha, \beta, \...
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The closest ellipse to a given triangle
Definition: The Hausdorff distance between two point sets is the greatest of all the distances from a point in one set to the closest point in the other set.
Question: Given a general triangle T, to ...
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Two triangles have the same centroid theorem
Let $\triangle ABC$ and $\triangle A'B'C'$ be two triangles. The line through $A$ and perpendicular to $AA'$ meets the line through $B'$ and perpendicular to $BB'$ at $A_b$; The line through $A$ and ...
- 1,776
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Minimal $b_2$ in Sarkisov's construction
In the paper On the structure of conic bundles. Math. USSR, Izv.,
120:355–390, 1982, Theorem 5.10, Sarkisov constructed the first example of non-rational, rationally connected $3$-fold $X$ with $H^{3}...
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Hyperbolic Intercept (Thales) Theorem
Is there an Intercept theorem (from Thales, but don't mistake it with the Thales theorem in a circle) in hyperbolic geometry?
Euclidean Intercept Theorem:
Let S,A,B,C,D be 5 points, such that SA, SC, ...
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Tileability and computabilty
Let $n>2$ be an integer. We consider $n$ pairs $(x_1,y_1),\dotsc,(x_n,y_n)$ in $\mathbb{N}^2$, and the polygon defined by drawing a straight line from $(x_k, y_k)$ to $(x_{k+1},y_{k+1})$ and from $(...
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recursively convex plane curves
For the lack of a better term let's call a convex simple loop $u(t)$ recursively convex if for any $n \geq 0$ the $n$-th derivative $u^{(n)}(t)$ is a convex simple loop. We conjecture that any ...
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A generalized ellipse
We know that an ellipse is the locus of all point $z$ in the plane with $$|z-a|+|z-b|=\lambda$$
where $a,b$ are two given points in the plane and $\lambda$ is a constant.
Now we consider the ...
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A question about complex plane algebraic curves
I would like to ask a question about plane projective curves. Let $C\subset{\mathbb P}_2={\mathbb P}(V)$ be a plane curve of degree $n\geq 3$. Then we have a non splitted exact sequence
$$0\...
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What is the name of the 65537-gon? [closed]
I know the name of the heptadecagon (17 sides) and the diacosipentacontaheptagon (257 sides). But what is the name of the polygon with 65537 sides? I am unable to figure it.
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Is there a simple criterion to determine if two parallelograms intersect?
Assume we are given two parallelograms in the plane. How can I check if their intersection is nonempty?
Note that I do not need to actually find the intersection.
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Minimum weight triangulation of lattice points in a circle
Let $r$ be a natural number, and consider the $\mathbb{Z}^2$ lattice points
$S$ inside or on the circle $C$ of radius $r$ centered on the origin.
Let $P$ be the convex hull of $S$; so $P$ is inscribed ...
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maximum number of shortest path among a set of n triangle obstacles
Assume that we have a two distinct points. The number of shortest path between these two points is one. When we add a triangle obstacle to the plane and this triangle intersects the line connecting ...
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Planar subsets with many pairs of points on distance $1$ [duplicate]
Let $X$ be a subset of $\mathbb R^2$ consisting of $n$ distinct points. Let $d_1(X)$ be the number of pairs of points of $X$ on distance $1$ from each other. Define
$$d_1(n)=\sup_{X\subset \mathbb R^2|...
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Can the "Bisector" be represented by a holomorphic function?
Note:
In this question, a complex number is counted as a vector initiated from the origin.
______________________________________________________________-
Is there a holomorphic function $B:\...
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Terminology for polygons
As you may know term "polygon" might mean few different things
and its meaning has to guessed from context.
By some reason I have to use few of these meaning in one place.
So I converge to the ...
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Triangles that can be cut into mutually congruent and non-convex polygons
It is easy to note that an equilateral triangle can be cut into 3 mutually congruent and non-convex polygons (replace the 3 lines meeting at centroid and separating out the 3 congruent quadrilaterals ...
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Cutting a square into an infinite number of triangles constrained by two rules
Can a square be cut into an infinite number of triangles so that
a) all of them are non-similar
and
b) only a finite number of them can have a common vertex?
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Gluing Polygons
Consider all polygons whose vertices are lattice points and edges are parallel to the axes such that no more than two edges meet at a vertex. For two polygons A and B, define A+B be to the set of ...
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Four concyclic points inside bicentric quadrilateral
Can you provide a proof for the following proposition:
Proposition. Let quadrilateral $ABCD$ be inscribed into a circle with center $O$ and circumscribed around a circle with center $I$. Let $X$ be a ...
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Can you measure the degree of uniformity of a 2d shape?
Is there a calculation that could take the points that make of the outline of a 2 dimensional shape and provide a numeric evaluation representative of the uniformity or symmetry of the shape.
Such as ...
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Sub-sector covers for disks and balls
Define an open $k$-sector of a disk as the portion between two radii separated
by an angle of $2\pi/k$, but open along the two radii (and closed along the
circle boundary).
Call a set a sub-$k$-sector ...
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Generalizations of Directly Similar Theorem?
There is an attractive theorem that says that if two plane figures
are directly similar, then so is any convex combination of them.
Below, $P_1$ and $P_2$ are directly similar polygons: they have
the ...
- 151k
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Space of simple polygons on $n$-vertices as a set of points in $\mathbb{R}^{2n}$
A simple polygon in $\mathbb{R}^2$ with $n$ vertices can be mapped to elements in $\mathbb{R}^{2n}$ by the list of the coordinates of its vertices. I expect there might be something interesting to ...
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Find the number of triangles in plane
Let $S$ be a set of $n$ points in the plane in general position. Each 3 points of S span a triangle. Total number of triangles spanned by S:
$$\binom{n}{3}=\frac{n(n-1)(n-2)}{6}=\frac{1}{6} n^3-O(n^2 )...
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Recovering a set from its projections in varying coordinate systems - a projection hull?
Let me describe the simplest non-trivial case of what I have in mind. Let $V$ be a 2-dimensional $\mathbb{R}$-vector space and fix an isomorphism $V \cong \mathbb{R}^2$, where $\mathbb{R}^2$ is ...
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Equal area of sum of pair opposite polygons conjecture
I am looking for a proof that:
if $A_{11}A_{12}...A_{1n}$; $A_{21}A_{22}...A_{2n}$; $\cdots$; $A_{i1}A_{i2}...A_{in}$; $\cdots$; $A_{m1}A_{m2}...A_{mn}$ are $m$ oriented regular polygons ($n$-gons), ...
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Analytic or holomorphic extension of the ellipse perimeter function
Let ${\mathbb{R}^2}^+=\{(x,y)\in \mathbb{R}^2\mid x>0, y>0\}$.
Let $P:{\mathbb{R}^2}^+\to \mathbb{R}$ be the function with $P(a,b)=$ $\text{The perimeter of ellipse}\;\; \frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^...
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Large class of curves which only intersect each other finitely many times
I am trying to find a large subset of piecewise-differentiable plane curves of finite length (subsets of $\mathbb{R}^2$) with the following property:
For any pair $\gamma_1, \gamma_2$ of curves in ...
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On distances between points on the plane
Take a set of $2n$ points in the plane and assume that no open set of diameter $1$ contains more than $n$ of these points.
Question: can we pair up the points so that the distance between the points ...
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Interpolation splines of bounded curvature
Given $n$ points $p_i=(x_i,y_i)$ on the [Euclidean] plane, and a positive real number $\rho$. Can we have a polynomial spline (e.g., natural cubic spline) passing through all these points, such that: (...
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How big can a triangle be, whose sides are the perpendiculars to the sides of a triangle from the vertices of its Morley triangle?
Given any triangle $\varDelta$, the perpendiculars from the vertices of its (primary) Morley triangle to their respective (nearest) side of $\varDelta$ intersect in a triangle $\varDelta'$, which is ...
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Least area and least perimeter triangles that contain a convex planar region - how different can they be?
Is there a planar convex region whose enclosing triangles of least perimeter and least area have different areas and different perimeters? And if so, which region maximizes the difference between the ...
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Collinearity of three significant points of bicentric pentagon
Can you provide a proof for the following claim?
Claim. Given bicentric pentagon. Consider the triangle whose sides are two diagonals drawn from the same vertex and side of pentagon opposite from ...
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On some centers of convex regions based on partitions
These questions are inspired by Yaglom and Boltyanskii's 'Convex figures'.
Winternitz Theorem: If a 2D convex figure is divided into 2 parts by a line $l$ that passes through its center of gravity, ...
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How can construct three circles in a given triangle such that three internal tangent form an equilateral triangle
How can construct three circles in a given triangle such that three internal tangent form an equilateral triangle?
See also:
Malfatti circles
- 1,776
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A geometric property about certain polynomials in two variables
Assume that $p(x,y)$ is a polynomial in $\mathbb{R}[x, y]$ in the form $$ p=p_{2n}+ p_{2n-1}+\ldots +p_1+p_0$$
where $p_i$ is a homogenous polynomial of degree $i$. Moreover we assume that the last ...
- 356
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Map from a convex polygon that increases distance
At the risk of asking an extremely stupid question, suppose that $P\subset\mathbb{R}^2$ is a convex polygon with area $1$ that contains the origin, and let $r$ denote the farthest distance between the ...
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What is the shape of the convex $n$ -gon which gives the maximum of a function?
Supposing that the length of every edge of the convex $n$-gon $P_1P_2$$\cdots$$P_n$ is 1, what is the shape of the $n$-gon which gives the maximum of the following function $B_n$? $$B_n=\sum_{1\le{i}\...
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