All Questions
49 questions
-3
votes
1
answer
194
views
Bounding a number-theoretic integral
Find a good upper bound on $$\int_1^T\frac{\zeta'(s)}{\zeta(s)\zeta(1-s)}X^sdt,$$ where $s=c+it$ for a constant $c>1$ and $X>0$ is a parameter. If needed, we can assume RH.
My attempt here is ...
- 107
3
votes
1
answer
458
views
Limit of an infinite series with quadratic arguments
I have encountered a limiting process on some infinite series. So, I would like to ask:
QUESTION. Assume $n$ is an even positive integer. Is this true?
$$\lim_{r\rightarrow1^{-}}\sum_{j=1}^{\infty}\...
- 43.2k
2
votes
2
answers
329
views
$L^1$ norm for a product of cosines
Let $k$ be an integer and consider the function
$$
f(t)=\prod_{i=1}^{k} \cos(3^{i-1}\pi t).
$$
I'm interested in finding bounds for $\int_{0}^{1}|f(t)|dt$ in terms of $k$. The first idea that comes to ...
- 178
2
votes
1
answer
209
views
Argmax of a function of $n$ variables under linear constraint
(I start by saying that the tags are probably not accurate but I didn't know what to put, so if someone knows what I could tag this question with, let me know in the comments and I'll provide to edit ...
- 697
2
votes
2
answers
424
views
"Squeezing" the primes?
The logical idea here is to map a curve that encodes the primes into the region $(0,1)^2$ and analyze the distribution there more easily and achieve tight bounds.
To assess the distribution of primes, ...
- 383
2
votes
0
answers
107
views
What kind of points are left in the set with rationals subtracted, who contains all rationals and is null?
Let {$q_i$} be a list of all rationals, $U_{i,n}$ be an open interval centered at $q_i$ with length of $2^{-i}/n$. Then open set $\bigcup_{i}U_{i,n} $ has the length of $1/n$ and contains all ...
- 121
4
votes
1
answer
353
views
Inequalities involving binary representation of integers
Let $N\geq 1$ be a positive integer and assume that $N=2^{n_1}+2^{n_2}+\cdots+2^{n_{p}}$, $n_{1}>n_{2}>\cdots>n_{p}\geq 0$, is the binary representation of $N$. I believe that the following ...
- 41
1
vote
0
answers
134
views
Number of solutions to a diophantine equation
Given a positive integer $n$, consider the diophantine equation $4x^2+y^2+4x+y=2n$ with solutions in non-negative integers $x$ and $y$.
Define the proportion
$$\delta_n=\frac{\#\{(x,y)\in\mathbb{Z}^2_{...
- 43.2k
29
votes
2
answers
4k
views
Closed formula for a certain infinite series
I came across this problem while doing some simplifications.
So, I like to ask
QUESTION. Is there a closed formula for the evaluation of this series?
$$\sum_{(a,b)=1}\frac{\cos\left(\frac{a}b\right)}{...
- 43.2k
2
votes
0
answers
448
views
Conjecture: The sequence {$π(2n+1)!$} is equidistributed in the interval (0,1)
Let $n\in\mathbb{N}$.
From the book "Uniform Distribution of Sequences" (available here) by L. Kuipers and H. Niederreiter, (from pg. 8) I found that for any irrational $\theta$, the ...
4
votes
1
answer
395
views
Mertens formulas aren't enough for prime number theorem
For the primes it's true that
$$
\sum_{p \le x}\frac{1}{p} = \ln\ln x + M + O(1/\ln x)
$$
where, $M$ is suitable constant, and, moreover, the prime number theorem gives that
$$
\lim_{x\to\infty}\frac{\...
- 41
5
votes
0
answers
343
views
Can the inverse of the Riemann zeta function in $s > 1$ be expressed as a series?
In this post, we are interested in the Rimenann zeta function $\zeta(s)$ in $s > 1$ only where it is strictly decreasing rather than $s$ in the entire complex plane. We have the Stieltjes series ...
- 5,470
29
votes
1
answer
1k
views
About the function $\prod_{k \in \mathbb{N}}(1-\frac{x^3}{k^3})$
I'm wondering if the function $$f(x)=\prod_{k \in \mathbb{N}}\left(1-\frac{x^3}{k^3}\right)$$ has a name, or if there are any properties (especially about derivatives of $f$) have studied so far.
I ...
- 483
3
votes
1
answer
302
views
number of integer points inside a triangle and its area
Let $T$ be a triangle in $\mathbb{R}^2$ defined by $y = \alpha x$, $y = \beta$ and $x = \gamma$ where
$\alpha, \beta, \gamma \in \mathbb{R}_{>0}$. I am interested in obtaining an estimate for the ...
- 3,625
5
votes
1
answer
351
views
Is every integer $\ge 312$ the sum of two integers with triangular divisors?
We say that a natural number $n$ has triangular divisors if it has at least one triplet of divisors $n = d_1d_2d_3$, $1 \le d_1 \le d_2 \le d_3$, such that $d_1,d_2$ and $d_3$ form the sides of a ...
- 5,470
11
votes
1
answer
436
views
How many numbers $\le x$ can be factorized into three numbers which form the sides of a triangle?
Note: Posting in MO since it was unanswered in MSE
Definition: We say that a natural number $n$ has triangular divisors if it has at least one triplet of divisors $n = d_1d_2d_3, 1 \le d_1 \le d_2 \...
- 5,470
5
votes
1
answer
391
views
Proving a specific case of Robin's Inequality
Edit: It turns out that this is equivalent to the RH which gives the idea that this might a a little difficult to show. As such we could consider an even simpler case in which the number $n$ is ...
- 315
4
votes
1
answer
208
views
Stationary phase method for $\varphi''(x_0)= 0$
Stationary phase method (in the usual setup) gives asymptotic for
$$
I(\lambda)=\int_{a}^{b} f(t) e^{i \lambda \varphi(t)} d t,
$$
when at any stationary point $x_0$ ($\varphi'(x_0)=0$) second ...
- 12.3k
28
votes
3
answers
3k
views
Expressing the Riemann Zeta function in terms of GCD and LCM
Is the following claim true: Let $\zeta(s)$ be the Riemann zeta function. I observed that as for large $n$, as $s$ increased,
$$
\frac{1}{n}\sum_{k = 1}^n\sum_{i = 1}^{k} \bigg(\frac{\gcd(k,i)}{\...
- 5,470
0
votes
0
answers
81
views
equivalent of an alternating series
Let $d_n=\mathrm{lcm}(1,\cdots,n)$. By the prime number theorem $d_n=e^{n+o(n)}$.
I look for an equivalent of the function $\sum_{n\ge0}(-1)^n\frac{d_n}{n!}t^n$ when $t\to+\infty$. Unfortunately, the ...
- 3,998
10
votes
0
answers
268
views
On the infinity of $\{p\in \mathbb {N}:\exists n\in\mathbb{N}~p| \left \lfloor{r^n}\right \rfloor\}$
I've already asked this same question on MSE here, but didn't get much help, so I will try on this site as well.
For which $r\in\mathbb{R}$ is the set $\mathscr{P}_r=\{p \in \mathbb{P}:\ (\exists n\...
- 377
5
votes
0
answers
89
views
Is the ratio of a number to the variance of its divisors injective?
The variance $v_n$ of a natural number $n$ is defined as the variance of its divisors. There are distinct integer whose variances are equal e,g. $v_{691} = v_{817}$. However I observed that for $n \le ...
- 5,470
1
vote
0
answers
291
views
An implication of the Zagier et al result on the hyperbolicity of Jensen polynomials for the Riemann zeta function?
In their paper recently published in the PNAS, Zagier et al demonstrated that
The Jensen polynomials $J_{\alpha}^{d,n}(X)$ of the Riemann zeta function of degree $d$ and shift $n$ are hyperbolic for ...
- 27
23
votes
1
answer
3k
views
Does the average primeness of natural numbers tend to zero?
This question was posted in MSE. It got many upvotes but no answer hence posting it in MO.
A number is either prime or composite, hence primality is a binary concept. Instead I wanted to put a value ...
- 5,470
1
vote
0
answers
188
views
Questions on Riemann's explicit formula
If we consider this version of the prime-counting function
$$\pi_0(x) = \frac{1}{2} \lim_{h\to 0} (\pi(x+h) + \pi(x-h))$$
(with $\pi$ being the normal prime-counting function), then we can write $\...
- 749
-2
votes
1
answer
208
views
Strong estimates for the zeta function on natural numbers
Let $$\zeta(s) = \sum_{n = 1}^\infty \frac{1}{n^s}$$
be the Riemann zeta function (here we just consider real $s$).
We do have a description given by
$$\zeta(s) = \frac{s}{s-1}-s\int_{1}^\infty \frac{...
- 749
4
votes
0
answers
101
views
Injectivity of product functions on natural number sequences
Let $M = \{ a = (a_i)_{i} : a_i \in \mathbb{N}, a_1 \geq 2, a_i > a_j \forall i>j\}$ the set of all ascending natural number sequences, with $a_1$ at least 2.
We now define for each $k \geq 2$ ...
- 749
6
votes
2
answers
389
views
asymptotic for li(x)-Ri(x)
Is it true that $$\operatorname{li}(x)-\operatorname{Ri}(x) \sim \frac{1}{2}\operatorname{li}(x^{1/2}) \ (x \to \infty),$$
where
$$\operatorname{Ri}(x) = \sum_{n = 1}^\infty \frac{\mu(n)}{n} \...
- 4,985
41
votes
6
answers
9k
views
"Long-standing conjectures in analysis ... often turn out to be false"
The title is a quote from a Jim Holt article entitled, "The Riemann zeta conjecture and the laughter of the primes" (p. 47).1
His example of a "long-standing conjecture" is the Riemann hypothesis,...
1
vote
0
answers
156
views
Fejer-Jackson-like inequality with divisor sum
A question was recently asked about a generalization of the Fejer-Jackson inequality $$\sum_{k=1}^n \frac{\sin kx}{k}\gt 0 \quad \forall\: n\in\mathbb{Z}^+\: \text{and}\: 0\lt x\lt\pi$$
to ...
- 105
3
votes
0
answers
169
views
Why is the smallest (fractional) absolute central moment of a Gaussian distribution almost at $\sqrt{3}/2$?
Let $X$ be a standard normal random variable. What $\alpha$ minimizes $E|X|^{\alpha}$?
Numerically, $\alpha$ turns out to be equal to $\sqrt{3}/2-\varepsilon$ where $\varepsilon$ is of the order $10^...
7
votes
1
answer
683
views
The Gauss Circle Problem asymptotic in dimension
The circle problem in $k$ dimensions: "For $n>0$, how many points $z\in \ \mathbb{Z}^k$ have $\|z\|^2\leq n$?"
For large $n$, the answer is $\approx n^{k/2}\cdot \operatorname{Vol}(B^k(0,1))+\...
2
votes
0
answers
114
views
Is there an explicit version of Morse Lemma used in stationary phase method?
In the proof of the stationary phase method (at least the one I have seen) Morse lemma shows up, which states: Let $g:\mathbb R^n\to \mathbb R$ be a function of class $C^\infty$ for which $0$ is a ...
- 3,625
1
vote
1
answer
250
views
Question about the stationary phase method and the smooth function used
A statement of the stationary phase method I know is the following.
Suppose $\phi(x_0) = \phi'(x_0) = 0$ and $\phi''(x_0) \not = 0$. If $\psi$ is a smooth function supported in a sufficiently small ...
- 3,625
0
votes
1
answer
195
views
Approximating the sum $\sum_{n \leq X} a_n$ with a smooth sum $\sum_{n \geq 1} a_n w(X)$
I have a sequence $a_n$ such that $0 \leq a_n \leq \log n$, and I am considering
$\sum_{n \leq X} a_n$. However, I prefer using smooth weights so I would like to approximate it with $\sum_{n \geq 1} ...
- 3,625
5
votes
0
answers
280
views
Proving that a certain function (related to a volume of a region) has a bounded derivative
Let $F$ be a homogeneous form in $n$ variables with integer coefficients.
Let $D$ be a closed box in $\mathbb{R}^n$ (product of closed and bounded intervals). Assume that the partial $\partial F/\...
- 3,625
3
votes
2
answers
303
views
Basic question related to Stieltjes integral
I am reading this paper. I am stuck on something, which I think is something basic but I haven't been able to figure it out yet, and I was hoping someone could explain it to me.
Let
$$
\sigma(u) = \...
- 3,625
13
votes
3
answers
1k
views
iterated harmonic numbers vs Riemann zeta
Define the $m$-th iterated harmonic sums in the manner: $\bar{H}_0(n):=1$ and for
$m\geq1$ by
$$\bar{H}_m(n):=\sum_{k=1}^n\frac{\bar{H}_{m-1}(k)}k.$$
For example, $\bar{H}_1(n)=\sum_{k=1}^n\frac1k$ ...
- 43.2k
5
votes
0
answers
170
views
operation on Ord., Exp., Dri. generating functions
The ordinary, exponential and Dirichlet generating functions for a sequence $\{a_n\}_{n\geq0}$ are given (at least on the formal side), respectively, by
$$F(x)=\sum_{n\geq0}a_nx^n, \qquad E(x)=\sum_{n\...
- 43.2k
3
votes
1
answer
290
views
Fluctuating constants
Let $p_k$ be the $k$-th prime number, $\gamma$ be the Euler-Mascheroni constant and $M$ be the Meissel–Mertens and let $m$ be the integer part of $\log p_n$. We can show that
$$
\sum_{r=1}^{m} \frac{...
- 5,470
28
votes
3
answers
2k
views
Does $a_n=\prod^n_{k=1}(1-e^{k\alpha \pi i})$ converge to zero when $\alpha$ is irrational?
I came across a problem concerning about the convergence of products. I wonder if the complex series $a_n=\prod^n_{k=1}(1-e^{k\alpha \pi i})$ converges to zero when $\alpha$ is irrational. Of course, ...
- 1,565
0
votes
1
answer
125
views
Discussion for the sign of a specific sum
Given a modular form $f$ of an even weight $k$ for the full modular group. Let $\lambda_f(n)$ the $n$-th normalized Fourier coefficient of $f.$ For a fixed positive integers $a$ and $b,$
I want to ...
- 1,257
54
votes
4
answers
3k
views
When has the Borel-Cantelli heuristic been wrong?
The Borel-Cantelli lemma is very frequently used to give a heuristic for whether or not certain statements in number theory are true.
For example, it gives some evidence that there are finitely many ...
- 11.4k
2
votes
1
answer
247
views
is $x_{n}\ll \overline{x}_{n}^{2}$?
This question is a cross-post from MSE, cause I didn't get any answer there. I hope it is well suited for MO:
Let $(x_{n})_{n\ge 1}$ be an increasing sequence of positive integers and $\displaystyle{\...
- 6,974
8
votes
1
answer
838
views
Density of prime pairs whose gap is less than the average gap
By the prime number theorem we know that the "average gap" between the first $n$ primes is $\ln p_n$. I would like to know the density of consecutive prime pairs whose gap is less than the average gap ...
- 5,470
13
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Asymptotics of the n-th prime using the gamma function
In the paper http://rgmia.org/papers/v8n2/eepnt.pdf, the author proves that proves an explicit inequality on prime numbers using the gamma function and as a corollary, he showed that.
$$
p_n = n \...
- 5,470
46
votes
4
answers
8k
views
Why could Mertens not prove the prime number theorem?
We know that
$$
\sum_{n \le x}\frac{1}{n\ln n} = \ln\ln x + c_1 + O(1/x)
$$
where $c_1$ is a constant. Again Mertens' theorem says that the primes $p$ satisfy
$$
\sum_{p \le x}\frac{1}{p} = \ln\ln ...
- 5,470
49
votes
3
answers
6k
views
The Hardy Z-function and failure of the Riemann hypothesis
David Feldman asked whether it would be reasonable for the Riemann hypothesis to be false, but for the Riemann zeta function to only have finitely many zeros off the critical line. I very rashly ...
- 13.1k
10
votes
0
answers
439
views
Evaluating Shintani cone zeta functions
Hi everyone
I am trying the evaluate sums of the form
$$ \sum_{n_1>0,n_2>0,\ldots,n_m>0} \frac{1}{\big((a_{1,1}n_1 +\ldots +a_{1,m}n_m)^k \ldots (a_{m,1}n_1+ \ldots +a_{m,m}n_m)^k\big)}$$
...
- 265