Questions tagged [fundamental-group]
The fundamental-group tag has no usage guidance.
268 questions
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The fundamental group of a $3$-manifold with a boundary of genus $>0$
Let $M$ be an orientable $3$-manifold with connected boundary $\Sigma_g$, a surface of genus $g>0$.
I would like to find a reference to the following two statements.
1) $\pi_1(M)\ne 0$.
2) $\...
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Fundamental group of a compact manifold
Why is the fundamental group of a compact manifold finitely presented?
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Simply connected quasi-projective varieties in positive characteristic
I am looking for examples of non-projective (quasi-projective) varieties $X$ defined over a field of positive characteristic, which have trivial étale fundamental group.
It is well known that the ...
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Fundamental group of the space of smooth embeddings of $S^1$ into $\mathbb R^3$
Has the fundamental group of the space of smooth embeddings of $S^1$ into $\mathbb R^3$ been completely computed? Say the basepoint is an unknot. Maybe something is known for other components?
If yes,...
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étale fundamental group of projective space
What is the étale fundamental group of projective space over an algebraically closed field?
In char = 0 it is trivial (Lefschetz principle), as well as in dimension 1 (Riemann-Hurwitz).
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Does there exist an algebraic space with large fundamental group but no finite etale covers by schemes
Does there exits a smooth proper algebraic space $X$ over $\mathbb C$ with "large" fundamental group such that no finite etale cover of $X$ is a scheme?
By "large" fundamental group I mean that $X$ ...
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Why is the fundamental group of $\mathsf E_n$ cyclic of order $9 - n$?
Several years ago, I mentioned offhandedly to a colleague that I had noticed that, if you extend the $\mathsf E_n$ series downwards in the natural way, by removing nodes from the long arm of $\mathsf ...
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Boundary of a $4$-manifold and the fundamental group
I am trying to learn $4$-manifolds with boundaries and I don't know much about this topic so these questions may be silly. Given a $4$-manifold $M$ with a boundary say $N$,
Assume $\pi_1(N)$ is known,...
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Do surface groups embed into PSL_2 over a real quadratic integer ring?
$\DeclareMathOperator\PSL{PSL}$ Let $ \mathbb{Z} $ be the ring of integers and $ \mathbb{R} $ the field of real numbers. Let $ \Sigma_g $ be a surface of genus $ g \geq 2 $. Let $ \pi_1(\Sigma_g) $ be ...
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Representation of fundamental groupoid as $2$-sheaf
By https://arxiv.org/abs/1406.4419 (The fundamental groupoid as a terminal costack, Ilia Pirashvili), we know that for a topological space $X$, the $2$-functor
$$\text{Top}(X)\rightarrow \text{Gpd}, \...
- 4,418
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Algebraic numbers and the complex projective line minus three points
Deligne's monograph “Le Groupe Fondamental de la Droite Projective Moins Trois Points” begins by remarking that when X is the projective line over the complex numbers, minus three points: "every ...
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Categorical Significance of Fibrations
It is well known that the category $\text{Set}$ classifies covering spaces among $1$-categories. That is, for each topological space $X$, there is an equivalence of categories $[ \Pi (X) , \text{Set}]...
user30211
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Etale fundamental of a parahoric group scheme
Let $p:X\rightarrow Y$ be a double cover of curves, denote by $$SU_n:=(p_*SL_n(\mathcal O_X))^{\tilde{\sigma}}$$
i.e. the $\tilde{\sigma}-$invariant part, the action of $\tilde{\sigma}$ is given by $$\...
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Classifying nested 3-manifolds with fundamental group property
Let $M_1\subseteq M_2\subseteq\mathbb R^3$ be closed connected subsets with smooth boundary. Suppose that every closed loop in $M_1$ is freely homotopic inside $M_2$ to a closed loop inside $M_2\...
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Künneth formula for $\pi_1$-proper morphisms
Context:
Let $X$ and $Y$ be connected qcqs schemes over an algebraically closed field $k$. Denote by $\pi_1(X)$, $\pi_1(Y)$ their étale fundamental groups (base points omitted). Grothendieck proved ...
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Motivation of the fundamental theorem of covering spaces
The fundamental theorem of covering spaces states that for a nice topological space $X$, there is an equivalence of categories between covering spaces over $X$ and left $\pi_1(X)$-sets. "...
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Fundamental group of a manifold with an $S^1$-action
Let $M$ be a compact connected manifold with an $S^1$-action. Suppose that $S^1$ has a fixed point in $M$. Is it true that $\pi_1(M)=\pi_1(M/S^1)$?
I is there some reference or a short proof of this ...
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Fundamental groups of complements of divisors in $\mathbb P^2$
Let $D$ be a divisor in $\mathbb P^2_{\mathbb C}$ and let $X= \mathbb P^2_{\mathbb C} - D$.
Under what condition on $D$ is the fundamental group of $X$ infinite?
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Action of fundamental group on homotopy fiber
For a Serre fibration of pointed topological spaces $f:X \to B$, there is an action of $\pi_1\left(B,b_0\right)$ on the fiber $F$. The construction of this action I'm familiar with uses a lift $F\...
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Tutte polynomials of appropriate Cayley graphs
I was quite intrigued by Tutte polynomials in a recent talk I had been to. It was introduced as a polynomial associated to a undirected finite graph. For a graph $G=(V,E)$ we form the polynomial
$T_G(...
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Fundamental groups of hyperbolic $4$-manifolds and $\rm CAT(0)$ cube complexes
Suppose $M^4$ is a compact hyperbolic (i.e. curvature $-1$) $4$-manifold and $\Gamma\cong\pi_1(M^4)$.
Is there any expectation whether $\Gamma$ acts properly and co-compactly on a $\rm CAT(0)$ cube ...
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Étale fundamental group of multiplicative group over an algebraically/separably closed field
This is a repost of my question here.
Do we know the structure of the étale fundamental group $\pi^\text{et}_1(\mathbb{G}_{m,K^\text{sep}})$ of the multiplicative group, for a given field $K$? For ...
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Fundamental group of a topological group
It is well known that the fundamental group of a path-connected topological group is abelian. Suppose that $G$ is a connected topological group and let $Ab(G)$ the abelianization of the topological ...
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Geodesic representatives in the orbifold fundamental group
Does every element in the orbifold fundamental group $\pi_1^{orb}(X,x)$ of a closed hyperbolic 2-orbifold $X$ admit a unique geodesic arc representing it?
Does every free homotopy class in $X$ admit ...
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An extension of symplectomorphism group
$\DeclareMathOperator\GL{GL}\DeclareMathOperator\Sp{Sp}$Let $\omega=\sum dx_i\wedge dy_i$ be the standard symplectic structure of $\mathbb{R}^{2n}=\mathbb{R}^{n}\times \mathbb{R}^n$.
We consider the ...
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Finite étale covers of concentrated schemes and extension of base field
Let $k'/k$ be an extension of algebraically closed fields of characteristic $0$, and $X$ a concentrated (i.e. quasi-compact and quasi-separated) scheme over $k$.
Question: is the pullback functor ...
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$\pi_1$ Sequence of Topological Groups
Consider a connected topological group $G$ (not necessarily Lie). You have some maps $G\times G\to G$, such as projection to either summand, or multiplication $(g,h)\mapsto gh$. Now let's look at a ...
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Example similar to the Griffiths twin cone but with fundamental group that allows surjection onto $\mathbb Z$
The Griffiths twin cone is an example of a wedge sum of two contractible spaces being non-contractible. Namely, it is the wedge sum $\mathbb G=C\mathbb H\vee_p C\mathbb H$ of two coni over the ...
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Relationship between the holonomy pseudogroup and holonomy homomorphism (foliation)
This question is surely a duplication of https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/4343635/relationship-between-the-holonomy-pseudogroup-and-holonomy-homomorphism-foliati , however, I got no replies. ...
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finite quotients of fundamental groups in positive characteristic
For affine smooth curves over $k=\bar{k}$ of char. $p,$ Abhyankar's conjecture (proved by Raynaud and Harbater) tells us exactly which finite groups can be realized as quotients of their fundamental ...
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Fundamental group of a product in characteristic 0
It is proven in SGA1 that if $k$ is an algebraically closed field, if $X$ is a proper $k$-scheme and if $Y$ is a locally noetherian $k$-scheme (say, $X$ and $Y$ are non-empty and connected) then $\...
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generating the etale fundamental group by sections?
Let $X$ be a proper smooth scheme over a field $k$ of characteristic zero (well you can naturally weaken the assumption to normal integral scheme over some "nice" base like $\mathbb{Z}$, $\mathbb{F}_q$...
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3-manifold with fundamental group $\mathbb Z$
Let $M$ be a compact $3$-manifold with nonempty boundary. If $\pi_1(M)=\mathbb Z$, can we prove that $M$ is homeomorphic to $S^1 \times D^2$?
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What is the arithmetic fundamental group?
Let $X$ be an irreducible variety defined over $\mathbf{F}_p$. What's the "arithmetic fundamental group" of $X$? How does this relate to the algebraic fundamental group of a scheme? What's a good ...
user97187
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Finite etale covers of products of curves
Probably this question can be phrased in a much greater generality, but I will just state it in the generality I require. I work over $\mathbb{C}$.
Let $C_1, C_2 \subset \mathbb{P}^1$ be non-empty ...
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Can we define fundamental groups functorially for non-pointed path connected topological spaces?
Let $\text{ppTop}$ denote the category of pointed and path connected topological spaces with morphisms base-preserve continuous maps. The fundamental group gives a functor $FG: \text{ppTop}\to \text{...
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Generalize $H^1_{dR}(X)=\mathrm{Hom} (\pi_1(X),\mathbb R)$ to fundamental Groupoid
Let $X$ be a path-connected smooth manifold, it is known that: $$H^1(X):=H^1_{dR}(X)=\mathrm{Hom} (\pi_1(X),\mathbb R).$$ Explicitly, a closed one-form $\alpha$ gives a function on $\pi_1(X)$ by $[\...
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What is the algebraic fundamental groups of $SO(n)$ and $Sp(2n)$?
Let $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. and let $$\sigma: SL_n(k)\rightarrow SL_n(k)$$
be an involution.
My questions are:
How could one calculate the fundamental group of $...
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On the fundamental group of closed 3-manifolds
I know that every finitely presented group can be realized as the fundamental group of a compact, connected, smooth manifold of dimension 4 (or higher). In dimension 2 there are strong restriction on ...
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explicit linear representations of fundamental groups of surfaces
I am looking for an explicit representation of the fundamental group of a closed orientable surface of genus >1. I guess they should be abundant in degree 2. Did anyone see the explicit matrix ...
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triviality of homology with local coefficients
Let $X$ be a manifold or a CW-complex.
Let
$\pi: \tilde X\longrightarrow X$
be a covering map.
Let $\pi_1(X)$ be the fundamental group of $X$ and let $\rho: \pi_1(X)\longrightarrow O(n)$ be an ...
- 1,990
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Abelianized fundamental group of a curve over a finite field
Let $X$ be a smooth, projective, and geometrically connected curve over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ and fix a geometric point $\overline{x} : \text{Spec } \overline{\mathbb{F}_q} \to X$. Then there ...
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Conjugation of homogeneous spaces
Let $X$ be a smooth irreducible algebraic variety
over the field of complex numbers ${\mathbb{C}}$.
Let $x\in X({\mathbb{C}})$.
Let $\tau$ be an automorphism of ${\mathbb{C}}$ (not necessarily ...
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Reconstruction of hyperbolic curves using the fundamental group
In the paper Curves and their Fundamental Groups written by Gerd Faltings, Mochizuki's proof of Grothendick's conjecture on anabelian curves is explained.
In the proof, he shows that for two ...
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Fundamental groups of open sets in $R^n$ with $n=3,4$
It is well known that every finitely presented group may be realised as fundamental group of some closed $4$-manifold.
What groups can be obtained as fundamental groups of open subsets of $R^4$? I'...
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Fundamental groups and cellular walks
Suppose $M$ is a smooth manifold (compact if desired) with a cell structure or other nice stratification.
Call a path $\gamma : [0,1] \to M$ transverse to the stratification if there is a finite ...
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Complex conjugation inducing a trivial map on the fundamental group
Let $V$ be a smooth projective complex variety defined over the reals such that $G=\pi_1(V)$ is a non-abelian finite simple group. Assume that $V$ has a real point. Can the map $G\to G$ induced by ...
user145520
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Nonabelian Hodge structure for noncompact curves and Hodge structure on the fundamental group
Nonabelian Hodge theory, introduced by C. Simpson and others, may be interpreted as a description of the (real) Hodge structure on the fundamental group (say, of a compact curve) in terms of some ...
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Algebraic fundamental group without regularity at infinity
Suppose $X$ is a smooth (connected) variety over $\mathbb{C}$. Let $\mathscr{C}$ be the category of finite rank vector bundles on $X$ equipped with an integrable connection, and let $\mathscr{C}'$ be ...
- 9,061
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Nori fundamental group and etale fundamental group in positive characteristic
Let $X$ be a smooth projective surface over an algebraically closed field of char $p > 0$. Suppose that $\pi_{1}^{et}(X) = \{1\}$. Can Nori fundamental group scheme of $X$ be non-trivial?
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