All Questions
Tagged with nt.number-theory ag.algebraic-geometry
1,746 questions
6
votes
1
answer
577
views
Is decomposability of integer polynomials over the rational numbers an undecidable problem?
By a decomposition of a polynomial $F(x)$ over a field $K$ we mean writing $F(x)$ as
$$
F(x)=G(H(x)) \quad(G(x), H(x) \in K[x]),
$$
which is nontrivial if $\operatorname{deg} G(x)>1$ and $\...
- 310
1
vote
0
answers
69
views
Hasse principle for Brauer groups of fields of transcendence degree 2
In his paper "A Hasse principle for function fields over PAC fields" (DOI link), Ido Efrat proves the following result: Let $F$ be an extension of a perfect PAC field $K$ of relative ...
- 41
3
votes
0
answers
132
views
Galois cohomology and Levi subgroups
Let $F$ a field and $G$ a smooth connected reductive group with a Levi subgroup $M$. Under what assumptions is $H^1(F, M) \to H^1(F, G)$ injective? In the case $F$ is nonarchimedean local I believe ...
- 605
2
votes
0
answers
121
views
Polynomial discriminant equation
This is a fairly straightforward question, and I am hoping a definitive answer exists.
Does there exist a quadratic form $A \in \mathbb{C}[x_1, x_2, x_3, x_4]$ and a cubic form $B \in \mathbb{C}[x_1, ...
- 26.9k
1
vote
0
answers
265
views
Are there connections between Calabi-Yau manifolds and number theory?
I am interested in understanding whether there are any significant connections between Calabi-Yau manifolds and number theory. Calabi-Yau manifolds are central objects in algebraic geometry and string ...
2
votes
0
answers
94
views
Galois representations attached to discrete automorphic representations
Let $F$ be a totally real field. Let $G$ be a (split) connected reductive group over $F$. Let $\pi$ be an irreducible automorphic representation of $G$.
Recall in the work of Buzzard and Gee "The ...
- 6,622
4
votes
0
answers
87
views
Levis, parabolics and Bruhat-Tits over Henselian local rings
Let $(R,m)$ be a Henselian local ring with algebraically closed or finite residue field $k$ and fraction field $F$. For example, we may work with $R=W(\mathbb F_p^{alg})$.
The paper "Reductive ...
- 6,622
5
votes
1
answer
261
views
Central isogeny, Shimura varieties and exceptional cases
For a simple complex Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$, its weight lattice is not equal to the root lattice (i.e. the center of its simply connected form is a non-trivial finite group) iff $\mathfrak g$ is of ...
- 6,622
2
votes
3
answers
181
views
Stabilizers of the action of Levi on abelianization of nilpotent radical
$\DeclareMathOperator\Lie{Lie}$Let $G$ be a simple connected reductive group over $\mathbb C$. Consider a parabolic subgroup $P=MU$ of $G$, where $M$ is a Levi of $P$ and $U$ is the unipotent radical ...
- 6,622
2
votes
1
answer
126
views
Changing the weight space for an eigenvariety
Let $G$ be an algebraic group (like $\operatorname{GL}_2$ or $\operatorname{GL}_2 \times\operatorname{GL}_2$ for example). Assume that there exists an eigenvariety $\mathcal{E}^G$ parameterizing ...
- 93
1
vote
0
answers
182
views
"Reflex field" for $\mathbb H/\Gamma$ for $\Gamma$ non-congruence
Suppose $\Gamma$ is a non-congruence arithmetic subgroup of $PGL_2(\mathbb Z)$, and $\mathbb H$ is the upper half plane of $\mathbb C$. Then by Belyi's theorem we know $\mathbb H/\Gamma$ is an ...
- 775
4
votes
0
answers
81
views
Classification of nilpotent orbits over local fields (for type ABCD via partitions )
Let $\mathfrak g$ be a simple Lie algebra over a char $0$ local field $F$ (e.g. $F=\mathbb R$ or $F=\mathbb Q_p$) with its adjoint group $G$. Let $\mathcal N \subseteq \mathfrak g$ be its nilpotent ...
- 6,622
3
votes
0
answers
147
views
Tate conjecture for singular varieties in terms of intersection homology
In his book “Mixed motives and algebraic K-theory”, Jannsen generalizes the Tate conjecture to a potentially singular projective variety $X$ over a finitely generated field. The statement is the same ...
- 658
3
votes
0
answers
165
views
Are motives of K3 surfaces of abelian type?
I refer to the article of van Geemen https://arxiv.org/pdf/math/9903146. What van Geemen calls the Kuga-Satake-Hodge conjecture suggests that for a K3 surface $X$ over $\mathbb{C}$, the summand $h^2(X)...
- 658
1
vote
0
answers
146
views
Can we find curves with many rational points using linear algebra?
Probably this is impossible, but let us try.
Working over $\mathbb{Q}[x_1,...,x_n]$.
Let $T_i$ be $n$ sets of rationals with cardinality $B$.
Assume we are given $n-2$ linear equations $f_i$ which are ...
- 25.4k
27
votes
8
answers
3k
views
Object of proven finiteness, yet with no algorithm discovered?
I explain my title by two examples in number theory:
The rational points on elliptic curve over number fields forms a finitely generated abelian group, so its rank is an integer, but so far we do not ...
- 1,053
6
votes
1
answer
407
views
Good reduction for the universal elliptic curve
Let $X$ be a modular curve, i.e. a quotient of the upper half plane $\mathbb{H}$ by a congruence subgroup $\Gamma$. When $\Gamma=\Gamma_0(N)$, it is known that $X$ has a smooth model denoted $\mathcal{...
- 2,907
1
vote
0
answers
78
views
Invariant theory (first fundamental theorem) for a direct sum of two fundamental representations
Let $G$ be a simple reductive group over $\mathbb C$, e.g. $G=\mathrm{SO}(V)$ is a special orthogonal group.
Let $W_1$ and $W_2$ be two irreducible representations of $G$. Assume both $W_i$ are ...
- 6,622
5
votes
0
answers
251
views
Does a simple formal group give rise to a simple Lie algebra?
A formal group $F$ is an intermediate object between Lie group $G$ and Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$.
A formal group is called simple if it has no nontrivial sub-formal group. On the other hand, a simple ...
- 195
3
votes
0
answers
150
views
$p$-adic points of open subschemes of complete intersections
I'm currently studying the $3\times 3$ magic square of squares problem for a research project. The variety is initially given by the intersection of $8$ quadrics in $\mathbb{P}^8$, but via Gröbner ...
- 31
5
votes
1
answer
236
views
Methods of finding integer solutions beyond the reach of direct search
Consider a classical problem: given a polynomial Diophantine equation $P(x_1,\dots,x_n)=0$, determine whether it has an integer solution. While this problem is undecidable in general, we may still ...
- 7,182
13
votes
3
answers
1k
views
$\ell$- vs. $p$-adic and de Rham vs. Betti in the geometric Langlands correspondence
In Emerton–Gee–Hellmann’s IHÉS notes on the categorical $p$-adic local Langlands programme, one finds the following remark:
The differences between the $\ell$-adic and $p$-adic settings are ...
- 607
1
vote
1
answer
140
views
Specialization of points on the generic fiber in a prestable model of $\mathbb{P}^1$
Let $R$ be a complete DVR with uniformizer $\pi$, fraction field $K$ and residue field $k$. We assume $k$ is algebraically closed.
Let $X$ be a prestable model of $\mathbb{P}^1_K$ over $R$, so $X$ is ...
- 7,527
8
votes
0
answers
401
views
Langlands program in higher dimensions
We can view the Langlands program in each of its versions (local/global, arithmetic/geometric) as giving a description of the finite-dimensional representations of the étale fundamental group of a ...
- 91
10
votes
2
answers
286
views
Finding a model for $X_G$ with $G\subseteq \mathrm{GL}_2(\mathbb{Z}/N\mathbb{Z})$
I'm studying modular curves as part of my doctorate work and would like to understand how one gets from a subgroup $G$ of $\operatorname{GL}_2(\mathbb{Z}/N\mathbb{Z})$ to an equation for $X_G$. By $...
- 195
5
votes
1
answer
363
views
Unramified fppf cohomology
Let $F$ be a number field, $\mathcal{O}_F$ its ring of integers and $G$ an fppf $\mathcal{O}_F$-group scheme.
See the question Unramified Galois cohomology of number fields for unramified cohomology ...
- 265
2
votes
0
answers
91
views
Adelic description of moduli of stable vector bundle of rank n (over finite fields)?
Let $Bun_G$ be the moduli stack of $G$-bundles on a (geometrically irreducible smooth projective) curve $C$ over a finite field $k$, where $G$ is a split reductive group over $k$. Since Weil, we know ...
- 6,622
3
votes
2
answers
284
views
Definition of $M_{1,0}$
Is there an explicit construction of the moduli space $M_{1,0}/\mathbb{Q}$ of genus $1$ curves whose set of $R$-points, for a $\mathbb{Q}$-algebra $R$, is the set of isomorphism classes of genus $1$-...
- 2,907
3
votes
1
answer
411
views
Twists of elliptic curves
I have a few questions regarding twists of elliptic curves.
In the context of the Shafarevich group, I see people refer to the group of twists of an elliptic curve $E/\mathbb{Q}$ by $H^1(\mathbb{Q}, ...
- 2,907
64
votes
6
answers
52k
views
Consequences of Kirti Joshi's new preprint about p-adic Teichmüller theory on the validity of IUT and on the ABC conjecture
Today, somebody posted on the nLab a link to Kirti Joshi's preprint on the arXiv from last month: https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.11635
In that preprint, Kirti Joshi claims that
he agrees with Scholze and ...
- 2,624
1
vote
0
answers
114
views
Simultaneous elimination of variables in multiple polynomials
I have a system of $n=O(1)$ non-homogeneous polynomials of total degree $d=O(1)$ $p_1,\dots,p_r\in \mathbb Z[x_1,\dots,x_n]$. I would like to eliminate $n-1$ variables simultaneously from the $n$ ...
- 13.9k
7
votes
2
answers
617
views
Genus 0 curves on surfaces and the abc conjecture
One of the most obvious methods to prove that a given Diophantine equation $P(x_1, \dots, x_n)=0$ has infinitely many integer solutions is to find polynomials $P_1, \dots, P_n$ in one variable $u$, ...
- 7,182
6
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Question about the sum of odd powers equation
Quite surprisingly the following question appears while studying the billiard dynamics.
Assume we have $2n$ real numbers: $ x_1, x_2,..., x_{2n}$.
Assume also that $S_k=0$ for any odd positive integer ...
- 728
1
vote
0
answers
64
views
Existence of a special uniformizer along a smooth section of a prestable curve
Let $R$ be a complete DVR with fraction field $K$, uniformizer $\pi$ and alg. closed residue field $k$.
Let $f : X\rightarrow \text{Spec }R$ be a prestable model of $\mathbb{P}^1_K$ with a $R$-section ...
- 7,527
7
votes
3
answers
348
views
The rank of elliptic curves and related quadratic twists
Let $E/\mathbb{Q}$ be an elliptic curve, and let $k_1, k_2$ be square-free integers. Can anything be said about the related elliptic curves
$$\displaystyle E/\mathbb{Q}, E^{(k_1)}/\mathbb{Q}, E^{(k_2)}...
- 26.9k
4
votes
1
answer
470
views
To what extent do value sets determine polynomials mod p?
Let $f$ denote a polynomial mod $p$ and associate to it its value set $S_{f} := \{f(x):x \in F_p\}$.
If $|S_{f}|=p$ then $f$ is called a permutation polynomial (because it permutes the elements of $...
- 13k
6
votes
0
answers
338
views
Deeper meaning behind the occurrence of the factor $\frac{\log q}{i}$ in Deninger's results
In two papers Deninger proved the following:
If $q=p^{n}$ and $p$ is a finite prime of $\mathbb{Z}$, $B=\mathbb{C}[\mathbb{C}]$ is generated by symbols of the form $e^{\alpha}$, $\alpha\in\mathbb{C}$,...
- 1,805
2
votes
0
answers
168
views
When do we have $\bigoplus_{i + j = n} R^i f_* \mathbb{Q}_\ell \otimes_{\mathbb{Q}_\ell} R^j g_* \mathbb{Q}_\ell \cong R^{i + j} h_* \mathbb{Q}_\ell$?
Milne, Étale Cohomology, theorem 8.5 states the following version of the Künneth formula (in slightly greater generality). Let $\Lambda$ be a finite commutative ring. Let $X, Y, S$ be schemes with $S$ ...
- 531
87
votes
12
answers
12k
views
Why do we make such big deal about the 'unsolvability' of the quintic?
The unsolvability of a general quintic equation in terms of the basic arithmetic operations and $n$th roots (i.e. the Abel–Ruffini theorem) is considered a major result in the mathematical canon. I ...
- 1,389
62
votes
9
answers
9k
views
There is a nice theory of quadratic forms. How about cubic forms, quartic forms, quintic forms, ...?
Quadratic forms play a huge role in math. This leads one to wonder: Is there a theory of cubic forms, quartic forms, quintic forms and so on? I have failed to discover any. Is there any such theory? ...
- 705
7
votes
0
answers
124
views
Projections of closed geodesics under the modular function
In the answers to this question it was shown that for closed geodesics on $\mathbb{H}^2/\Gamma(2)$, the projection under the modular function $\lambda$ is an immersed topological component of a real ...
- 68.9k
14
votes
1
answer
763
views
Is 36 a sum of 4 rational fourth powers?
Hasse principle is known to hold for homogeneous quadratic equations, but fail for some 3- and 4-variable cubics, such as $5x^3+4y^3+3z^3=0$ or $15x^3+10y^3+4z^3+3t^3=0$. These counterexamples are ...
- 7,182
3
votes
2
answers
342
views
Reference Request: Beilinson-Bloch conjecture in terms of Beilinson regulator isomorphism
I'm looking for a reference that provides a concise statement of the Beilinson-Bloch conjecture, specifically formulated in terms of an isomorphism under the Beilinson regulator map.
More precisely, I'...
- 2,907
2
votes
0
answers
120
views
Looking at versions of Implicit Function Theorem (IFT) on rings
$ \let \ovr \overline
\def \Z {\mathbb Z}
\def \C {\mathbb C}
\def \F {\mathbb F}
\def \P {\mathcal P}
\def \x {\boldsymbol x}
\def \a {\boldsymbol a} $
Let $ \P = \{ p _ i ( \x , y ) \} _ { i = 1 } ^ ...
- 346
3
votes
1
answer
263
views
Could efficient solutions of $x^2+n y^2=A$ be related to integer factorization?
Let $n$ be positive integer with unknown factorization and $A$ integer with known
factorization.
According to pari/gp developers pari can efficiently find all solutions of:
$$x^2+n y^2=A \qquad (1)$$
...
- 25.4k
2
votes
0
answers
171
views
A conjecture on the scheme-theoretic image of a moduli map
Let $K/\mathbb{Q}_p$ be a finite extension with residue field $k$, and let $K'/K$ be a finite tamely ramified Galois extension with residue field $k'$. Let $E/\mathbb{Q}_p$ be a sufficiently large ...
7
votes
1
answer
613
views
Are all representations of the geometric étale fundamental group subquotients of representations of the arithmetic étale fundamental group?
Let $X$ be a variety over a field $k$. The étale fundamental group of $X$ fits into the exact sequence:
$$1 \to \pi_1^{\text{geom}}(X) \to \pi_1^{\text{arith}}(X) \to \text{Gal}(\overline{k}/k) \to 1,$...
- 2,907
2
votes
1
answer
216
views
When does $x^2y^2 - x^2 - y^2 + t$ represent a square for $t\in\mathbb{F}_p$ and $x,y\in S\subset\mathbb{F}_p$?
Let $f_t(x,y) : x^2y^2 - x^2 - y^2 + t$.
For $t\in\mathbb{F}_p$, let $n_t(p)$ be the least integer such that for any subset $S\subset\mathbb{F}_p$ with $|S| \ge n_t(p)$, there exist $x,y\in S$ such ...
- 7,527
2
votes
0
answers
88
views
Conjecture on ordinary reductions of smooth complex projective varieties and Its context
I am interested in the conjecture suggesting that many reductions of a smooth complex projective variety are ordinary, as mentioned in Remark 5.1 of the paper by Mustaţă and Srinivas:
Ordinary ...
4
votes
0
answers
100
views
Structure of points of elliptic curves in field with restricted ramification
Let $k$ be a finite field of characteristic $p$ and let $C$ be a curve over $k$. Let $E$ be a non-constant elliptic curve over $k(C)$. Taking the Néron model of $E$ and removing the singular fibers ...
- 177