Questions tagged [lebesgue-measure]
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208 questions
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Measurability of a parametrized conditional expectation
Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\mathbb{P})$ be a probability space and $\mathcal{G}\subset\mathcal{F}$ a Sub-$\sigma$-Algebra. Moreover, let $X:\Omega\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ be a random variable and $F:\...
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Extending the Lebesgue measure
The Lebesgue measure $\lambda$ is a function on a subset of the power set of real numbers $\mathbb{R}$ that satisfies the following properties (among others):
(i) $\lambda$ is finitely additive: If $...
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Whether $\varphi(E)$ is a Jordan measurable set?
Definition: A set $S \subset \mathbb {R^{n}}$ is Jordan measurable if it is bounded in $\mathbb {R^{n}}$ and its boundary is a set of Lebesgue measure zero.
The following conclusion has been ...
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Radon-Nikodym theorem for non-sigma finite measures
Let $(X,\mathcal M, \mu)$ be a measured space where $\mu$ is a positive measure.
Let $\lambda$ be a complex measure on $(X,\mathcal M)$. When $\mu$ is sigma-finite, the Radon-Nikodym theorem provides ...
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Infering shapes from overlap with a shifting circle
A recent episode of Star Talk Radio discussed among other things the unknown object(s) orbiting Tabby's star (aka "Alien mega structure discovered!" in non-scientific media) and an astronomer said ...
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Lebesgue-Besicovitch theorem for partition elements rather than balls
I'll state the classic result in its density (rather than the more general differentiation) version. Let $\mu$ be a measure on the Borel $\sigma$-algebra of $\mathbb{R}^n$ and $A\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ ...
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Partition into sets of positive outer measure
Let $\mu^{\star}$ denote Lebesgue outer measure. Suppose $X \subseteq [0, 1]$ and $\mu^{\star}(X) > 0$. Can we divide $X$ into uncountably many sets $\{X_i : i \in I\}$ such that for every $i \in I$...
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Does the existence of a non-principal measure on ω imply that of a non Lebesgue measurable set?
A non-principal [probability] measure on a set X is a function $\mu$ defined on all subsets of $X$, with values in $[0,1]$, which is finitely additive, satisfies $\mu(X)=1$, and vanishes on singletons....
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Integral form of maximal function estimate on variable exponent spaces
I am trying to show an estimate of the following form: Given any $p(x)$ such that $1<p^-\leq p(x) \leq p^+ <\infty$ and $p(\cdot)$ is log-Holder continuous, does there exists an $R_0$ (depending ...
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Product of two non-measurable sets
Let $A\subset\mathbb{R}^p$ and $B\subset\mathbb{R}^q$, it’s not difficult to show that $$m^*(A\times B)\leq m^*(A)\cdot m^*(B)$$, where $m^*()$stands for the outter measure in Lebesgue meaning.
If A ...
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Differentiate a growing volume
Let me motivate my question with this example.
The volume integral of a ball $\int_{B(0,R)} dx$ can be written as an integral over the surface of balls, i.e.
$$\int_{B(0,R)} dx = \int_0^R \int_{\...
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Measure induced on [0, 1] by infinite tosses of biased coin
It is well-known that one can get the Lebesgue measure on [0, 1] by tossing a fair coin infinitely (countably) many times and mapping each sequence to a real number written out in binary.
I was ...
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Differentiate an integral (Lebesgue integral)
Let $f:[0,1]\to\mathbb{R}$ be a bounded (Lebesgue) measurable function.
Consider the function $$w(p)=\int_0^1|f|^p\,d\mu$$.
Is $w(p)$ differentiable at any $0<p<\infty$? I.e. does $w'(p)$ ...
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Is the domain of symmetric derivative borel set?
Let $\mu$ be the $n$-dimensional Lebesgue measure and $\lambda$ be a complex Borel measure on $\mathbb{R}^n$.
Let $S$ be the set of points $x\in \mathbb{R}^n$ where $\lim_{r\to 0} \frac{\lambda (B(x,...
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Can a nowhere differentiable function preserve measurability?
I want to know whether a continuous nowhere differentiable function $f: \mathbf{R} \to \mathbf{R}$ can map Lebesgue measurable sets to Lebesgue measurable sets. More generally I'm interested to know ...
user92157
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Physical meaning of the Lebesgue measure
Question (informal)
Is there an empirically verifiable scientific experiment that can empirically confirm that the Lebesgue measure has physical meaning beyond what can be obtained using just the ...
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Set of General Linear Position with Nonzero Measure
I came to the following question, but I don't have quite a good idea how to approach.
Can a set $A\subset \mathbb{R}^n , n\ge 2$ with nonzero measure be in a general linear position?
I believe that,...
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$\forall g\in L^2(\Omega)$ exists $g_n\in H_0^1(\Omega)$ and $\epsilon>0$ s.t $g_n(x)\to g(x),\,a.e$ and $|g_n(x)|\leq |g(x)|+\epsilon$
I asked this question on MSE here some time ago, but I couldn't get an answer. There was a suggestion in the comments for a counterexample using a fat Cantor set, but I couldn't show a contradiction ...
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Lebesgue measurability of singular set
Let $\Omega$ be a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^{d}$ and $f:Q\to\mathbb{R}$ be continuous function.
Define a superdifferential of $f$ at $x\in Q$ by
$$
D^{+}f(x)=\{p\in\mathbb{R}^{d} \mid \text{$f(y)\...
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Nonlinear elliptic problem involving the p-laplacian, Hölder inequality
I am studying the paper On some nonlinear elliptic problems for $p$-Laplacian in $\mathbb{R}^n$ by Abdelouahed El Khalil and Said El Manouni Mohammed Ouanan.
I have a problem understanding one step ...
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Approximating characteristic functions by cutting the real axis into smaller and smaller pieces
Let $\Lambda_r^*=\frac{1}{2\pi r} \mathbb{Z} \subset\mathbb{R} (r>0)$, let $E\subset\mathbb{R}$ be a Lebesgue measurable set with finite measure $|E|$, define $J_r=(-\frac{1}{4\pi r}, \frac{1}{4\pi ...
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orthogonal projector onto the set of convex functions
Let $\Omega\subset \mathbb R^d$ be an open, convex domain, and consider the Hilbert space $L^2(\Omega)$. Each sum of convex functions is convex, hence the subset $Conv(\Omega)$ of all convex functions ...
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Is $f(x,y)=\sum_{n\in\mathbb{Z}\backslash\{0\}}\frac{1}{n}e^{2\pi i(xn+yn^2)}$ essentially bounded?
Let $$f(x,y)=\sum_{n\in\mathbb{Z}\backslash\{0\}}\frac{1}{n}e^{2\pi i(xn+yn^2)}
$$
Is it true that $\|f\|_{L^{\infty}(\mathbb{R}^2)}<\infty$? i.e. is $f$ essentially bounded?
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Is the implication ($f$ is Riemann integrable over $D_1$ and $D_2$) $\Rightarrow $ ($f$ is Riemann integrable over $D=D_1\cup D_2$) true?
Let $D_1,D_2$ be a bounded subset of $\mathbb{R}^n$ and $\partial D_1,\partial D_2$ are both of Lebesgue measure zero (that is to say: $D_1,D_2$ are Jordan measurable).
Also, let $f:D_1\cup D_2=D\...
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Can ITTM recognize a non-measurable set?
Throughout the question ITTM refers to Hamkins' infinite Turing machines, though I will be interested in results related to stronger models.
Recently I was wondering, is it consistent that there is ...
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Which domain maximizes the energy of the Lebesgue measure?
This could be asked in more generality, but let me stick to a concrete case.
Usually one considers a fixed domain $E \subset \mathbb{C}$ and attaches to it the equilibrium probability measure $\nu_E$...
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Specifying $L^p$ norms of derivatives
Given a sequence of positive numbers $\{a_n\}$ and $1 < p < \infty$, $p\neq 2$, is it possible to build a function $f\in C^\infty(\mathbb R)$ so that $\|f^{(n)}\|_{L^p(\mathbb R)} = a_n$?
For ...
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Lebesgue measure of set of $y\in\mathbb{R}^n$ such that $x,y,Ay$ are linearly dependent
I've asked this question here on math.stackexchange, but I have been unable to solve this yet, so I'm hoping I can get some advice here.
Consider a vector $x\in \mathbb{R}^n$ and a real $n\times n$ ...
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How many subsets of $[0,1)$ are there modulo null sets?
For subsets $A$ and $B$ of $[0,1)$, say $A\sim B$ iff $\lambda(A\Delta B)=0$ where $\lambda$ is Lebesgue measure.
Question: How many equivalence classes of subsets of $[0,1)$ are there given AC?
I ...
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Can a continuous surjection from a Hilbert cube to a segment behave bad wrt Lebesgue measures?
Suppose $\hat{I}=[0,1]^\mathbb{N}$ is a Hilbert cube and $I=[0,1]$.
Consider Lebesgue measures $m_1$ and $m_2$ on $\hat{I}$ and $I$ correspondingly. By Lebesgue measure on the Hilbert cube I mean the ...
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A question on the Lebesgue differentiation theorem
In the paper [Jessen, B., Marcinkiewicz, J., and Zygmund, A. Note on the differentiability of multiple integrals. Fundamenta Mathematicae 25.1 (1935): 217-234] it is considered the limit
$$
\lim_{\...
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Convergence of solutions of the volterra integral equation with convergent kernels
Consider the following Volterra integral equation
$$
g(t) = \int_0^t K_n(t,s)w_n(s) ds
$$
where g(t) and K_n(t,s) are continuous and $K_n(t,s)\geq K_{n+1}(t,s)$ for all $t,s$. Moreover, $K_n(t,s)$ ...
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Exotic Lebesgue Measurable Function
Measurable functions whose graphs are dense in the plane are well known. Examples include, the Conway 13 function, as given in the answer in this link: When is the graph of a function a dense set?
...
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Measure of the same set in different models of ZF
Let $A$ be a definable subset of $\mathbb{R}$ in $\mathsf{ZF}$, and let $\mathcal{M},\mathcal{N}\models\mathsf{ZF}$ such that $A$ is lebesgue measurable in both models.
Is $\mu^\mathcal{M}(A^\mathcal{...
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Product of Lebesgue and counting measures
Let $\mathbb R$ be endowed with the standard Euclidean topology and let $\widetilde {\mathbb R}$ denote the line endowed with the discrete topology. Let $\mu$ and $\nu$ denote the Lebesgue and ...
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Almost everywhere in a rectangle [duplicate]
I would like to ask a question about the product (Lebesgue) measure on rectangle. I tried to solve the problem but I couldn't.
Let $S$ be a subset of a region, say $R$ which is enclosed by a ...
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Question on separability of a measure
Following this question here this question come to mind.
Consider a measured σ-algebra $(S,\mu)$ . Assume that μ is normalized to have total weight 1, and that S is complete (contains all subsets of ...
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Natural extensions in ergodic theory / Measurability question
A useful "abstract nonsense" construction in ergodic theory takes a measure-preserving transformation
$T$ of a probability space $(X,\mathcal B,\mu)$ and extends it to an invertible measure-preserving ...
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On the proof of a $W^{2,p}$ estimate - regularity on eliptic PDE
I see this proof on http://www.math.uiowa.edu/~lwang/cccalderon.pdf and I couldn't understand what he did. If $||f||_{L^p(B_{4})} = \delta$ is small and the measure $|\{ x \in B_1; M(|D^2u|^2)>N_1^...
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Multivariable monotonic function
Let $f(x_1, \dots, x_n)$ be a real function on the $n$-dimensional unit cube (that is, mapping $[0,1]^n \mapsto \mathbb{R}$). Assume furthermore that $f$ is monotonic in every coordinate, and that $f$ ...
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Lebesgue measure of some set of irrational numbers
Let $(i_{n})$ be a strictly increasing sequence of natural numbers,
$(v_{n})$ be an unbounded sequences of natural numbers
and $M\geq 2$. Denote by $\mathcal{I}(i_{n}, v_{n}, M)$ the set of all ...
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Measure of a set of irrational numbers
Let $A$ be a set of all irrational numbers $\rho \in (0, 1)$ represented as a continued fraction $\rho=[a_{1}, a_{2},...,a_{n},...],$ such that $a_{n}\leq \text{const}\cdot n^{\epsilon}$ for some $\...
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Relationship between weak Lp and strong Lq topologies for q<p
Specificaly:
Does convergence in $L^{\frac{1}{2}}$ imply weak $L^2$ convergence?
Having a limit in $L^{\frac{1}{2}}$ topology and a limit in weak $L^2$ topology whether these are always equal? If not,...
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Can there be a measurable set that integrals have the same given value if their integral on $\mathbb{R}$ are the same?
We know for an integrable function $f$, if $\int_\mathbb{R} f=1$, then $\forall \lambda\in [0,1] $, there exists a measurable set $E$ that $\int_E f=\lambda$.
Now consider integrable functions $f$ ...
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Uncountable atomless subalgebras of the Boolean algebra of all Jordan measurable sets in [0,1]
Definition: Suppose $\mathcal A$ is
the Boolean algebra of all Jordan measurable sets in $I=[0,1]$ (i.e $\mathcal A=\{A\subseteq I: \mu(\partial(A))=0\}$, where $\mu$ is the Lebesgue measure and $\...
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additive measure on countable algebras
I was wondering, can the following theorem be true for finitely additive measures defined on algebras not $\sigma$-algebras. (Theorem is in Bogachev's Measure Theory Vol I).
I was not sure about it,...
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Volume-preserving mappings in the torus $T^n$
Let $T^n$ be the $n$-dimensional torus and let $F$ be the set of all volume preserving continuous mappings $f:T^n\to T^n$. I would like to know if $F$ is connected in the sense that for any $f\in F$ ...
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Stone space of measure algebra [closed]
let $\lambda$ be the Lebesgue measure on the unit interval $I=[0,1]$, and $Leb(I)$ be the Boolean algebra of Lebesgue measurable in $I$ and $\mathcal{N}$ the family of Null sets. The measure algebra $\...
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Reference request: harnack inequality for distributional solutions of the heat equation
Dear Math Overflowers,
I'm looking for references on the parabolic Harnack inequality for distributional solutions of the heat equation on the whole space
$$
\partial_t u=\Delta u\quad\text{and}\quad ...
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Which values can attain the minimum solid angle in a simplex
Given a simplex $S$ with a vertex $v$ by the solid angle at this vertex I mean the value $\hbox{vol}(B \cap S)/\hbox{vol}(B)$ where $B$ is a small enough ball centered at $v$ (for example, in the ...
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