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40 votes
5 answers
10k views

Is there a natural measures on the space of measurable functions?

Given a set Ω and a σ-algebra F of subsets, is there some natural way to assign something like a "uniform" measure on the space of all measurable functions on this space? (I suppose first ...
Kenny Easwaran's user avatar
26 votes
3 answers
7k views

Dual of bounded uniformly continuous functions

Let $(X,d)$ be a metric space, and let $C_u(X)$ be the Banach space of bounded uniformly continuous functions on $X$ (with the uniform norm). How can I characterize its dual space $C_u(X)^*$? I ...
Nate Eldredge's user avatar
18 votes
1 answer
3k views

How bad can the second derivative of a convex function be?

One can easily construct an example of a measurable function $f:(a,b)\to \mathbb{R}$ which satisfies the following property: $$\label{p}\tag{P} f\notin L^1(I),\ \mbox{for each interval}\ I\subset (a,...
Tomás's user avatar
  • 409
16 votes
3 answers
1k views

A natural center of a convex weakly compact set in Banach space

Question: Let $S$ be a convex weakly compact set in Banach space $H$. Propose a natural way to define the unique center $O \in S$. Motivation: A lot! For example, in game theory $S$ can be a set of ...
Bogdan's user avatar
  • 161
14 votes
2 answers
2k views

Is this property equivalent to Lusin's property (N) for continuous functions?

A function $F:[0,1]\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ satisfies Lusin's (N) property if for every measure zero set $A\subseteq [0,1]$, $F(A)$ has measure zero. (This includes the assertion that $F(A)$ is ...
Linda Brown Westrick's user avatar
12 votes
1 answer
1k views

Riesz–Markov–Kakutani representation theorem for compact non-Hausdorff spaces

Let $X$ be a compact Hausdorff topological space, and $\mathcal C^0 (X) = \{f:X\to\mathbb{R}; \ f \text{ is continuous }\}$. It is well known that for any bounded linear functional $\phi: \mathcal C^...
Matheus Manzatto's user avatar
12 votes
0 answers
435 views

Uniform closure of subspaces of Baire class 1

Describe a uniformly closed linear subspace $A \subset C([0,1])$ such that the space $B_1(A)$ is not uniformly complete. Here $B_1(A)$ is the set of all bounded functions $f$ which are pointwise ...
Fred Dashiell's user avatar
11 votes
3 answers
3k views

Dual space of $L^2(\mathbb{R},L^1(0,1))$?

I was wondering what the dual space of $L^2(\mathbb{R},L^1(0,1))$ is? (equipped with Lebesgue measures) Formally, one would suspect that it is just $L^2(\mathbb{R},L^{\infty}(0,1))$. But this may be a ...
Jacob Augstine's user avatar
10 votes
2 answers
3k views

Absolute continuity on $R^{n}$

I know the definition of absolute continuity if there is a function $f:(a,b)\rightarrow R$. I wonder what is an analogy of this concept if we have a function $f:A\rightarrow R$, where $A\subset R^{n}$ ...
Nikita Evseev's user avatar
9 votes
1 answer
636 views

Is there a characterization of the Hausdorff measures?

It is known that there is a unique measure on the Borel $\sigma$-algebra of $\mathbb{R}^n$ such that the measure of the rectangle $\prod_i [a_i,b_i[$ is $\prod_i (b_i-a_i)$. This is the Lebesgue ...
Phil-W's user avatar
  • 1,035
9 votes
1 answer
2k views

Alternative proof of a theorem of Riesz

My question is not research level, but I have not received any feedback on Mathstack; so I am posting it here. I am aware of the traditional proof of the Riesz Theorem that relates linear functionals ...
Matematleta's user avatar
9 votes
1 answer
3k views

Is every finite Borel measure on a locally compact Hausdorff, $\sigma$-compact and separable space automatically regular?

The conditions stated in the question seem mouthful and a bit arbitrary, so let me provide some backgrounds. Definition Let $\mu$ be a Borel measure on a topological space. We say: $\...
Stanley Chan's user avatar
9 votes
1 answer
831 views

Baire category theorem for uncountable unions

Any compact Hausdorff space $X$ is a Baire space: if the set $X$ is a meager set (meaning a countable union of nowhere dense subsets, also known as a set of first category), then $X$ is empty. I am ...
Dmitri Pavlov's user avatar
9 votes
1 answer
570 views

Elements of $L^p$ and nice representatives of equivalence classes

Considering $L^p$ $( 1 \leq p < \infty)$ as a normed vector space, each element of $L^p$ is actually an Equivalent class. Take $[f] \in L^p $ as an Equivalent class, What is the Nicest possible ...
Red shoes's user avatar
  • 369
8 votes
2 answers
644 views

Given any sequence of interpolating nodes, can we find a continuous function $f$ whose interpolating polynomials doesn't converge to $f$ point-wise

Let $[a,b]$ be an interval in real line . Given any function $f:[a,b]\to \mathbb R$ and set $A \subseteq [a,b]$ of size $n+1$, there exists a unique polynomial $p_{f,A,n}(x)$ of degree $n$ such that $...
user521337's user avatar
  • 1,209
8 votes
2 answers
784 views

Is taking the product of signed measures weakly continuous?

For a Polish space $X$, let $C_b(X)$ denote the real Banach space of bounded continuous real-valued functions on $X$. Let $M(X)$ denote the space of all finite signed Borel measures on $X$, equipped ...
Nate Eldredge's user avatar
7 votes
1 answer
856 views

Compactness of set of indicator functions

Let $\chi_A(x)$ denote an indicator function on $A\subset [0,1]$. Consider the set $$K=\{\chi_A(x): \text{ A is Lebesgue measurable in }[0,1]\}.$$ Is this set compact in $L^\infty(0,1)$ with respect ...
Saj_Eda's user avatar
  • 395
7 votes
2 answers
664 views

Non-separable metric probability space

Let us say a metric probability space $(X,\rho,\mu)$ has property (*) if: the support of $\mu$ is contained in a separable subspace of $X$. Questions: 1. Is there a standard name for this property? ...
Aryeh Kontorovich's user avatar
7 votes
1 answer
1k views

Properties of convolutions

Consider the function $$f_{n}(x)=e^{-x^2}x^n.$$ and the function $$h_p(x):=e^{-\vert x \vert^p}.$$ My goal is to analyze $$ F_p(y):=\frac{(f_2*h_p)(y)}{(f_0*h_p)(y)}- \left(\frac{(f_1*h_p)(y) }{(f_0*...
Landauer's user avatar
  • 173
7 votes
1 answer
306 views

An indicator of a planar subset as an element of a tensor product

Denote $I=(0, 1)$, and let $\mu$ be the Lebesgue measure on $I$. Does there exist a function $f$ on $I\times I$ viewed as an element of the space $L^\infty(\mu\times\mu)$ such that $$ f^2=f $$ (that ...
limanac's user avatar
  • 452
7 votes
0 answers
549 views

Counter-example to the completeness of the Wasserstein metric

$\newcommand{\P}{\mathcal{P}}$ Let $(E,d)$ be a complete metric space, let $\P(E)$ be the set of all probability measures on $(E,\mathcal{B}(E))$. Let $W_d$ be the $1$-Wasserstein (Kantorovich) ...
Oleg's user avatar
  • 931
6 votes
1 answer
2k views

Sobolev functions on $\mathbb{R}^N$ cannot be discontinuous on a $(N-1)$-dimensional submanifold

How can one prove (or where can I find a proof) that if $u \in W^{1,p}(\Omega)$, where $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^N$, then $u$ cannot have a $(N-1)$-manifold of discontinuity points?
Riku's user avatar
  • 839
6 votes
1 answer
2k views

About weak convergence of probability measure

Suppose $\mu_j$ is a sequence of measures on $\mathbb{R}$. By the definition of weak convergence of measures, $\mu_j$ weak converges to $\mu$ means that for any bounded continuous function $f$, there ...
Xiao Cao's user avatar
6 votes
1 answer
575 views

Sub-Gaussian decay of convolution of $L^1$ function with Gaussian kernel

I think it might be helpful to put the new statement at the beginning and put the original post at the end. This new statement is more mathematically elegant. Let $f\geq0$ be in $L^1(\mathbb{R}^d)$ ...
neverevernever's user avatar
6 votes
1 answer
228 views

Set where the speed of convergence is uniform in Lebesgue's density theorem

Let $B \subset \mathbb R^n$ be the unit ball. Consider a Borel measurable set $E \subset B$ with positive Lebesgue measure $|E|>0$ (say $|E| = |B|/2$). Then, Lebesgue's density theorem, says that ...
HHN's user avatar
  • 393
6 votes
1 answer
268 views

Decomposition of non negative Radon measure into $L^1$ and $H^{-1}$ functions

What is a reference for the following result (which appears to be well-known in measure theory)? Any non negative Radon measure can be decomposed uniquely into the sum of an absolutely continuous ...
user175203's user avatar
6 votes
0 answers
8k views

Dual space of continuous functions

Let $C_b(\Omega,V )=$ { $ f:\Omega\rightarrow V $ } is the Banach space of all bounded continuous functions in Banach space $V$ with a norm $\|\cdot\|$ defined as $\|f\|_\infty=\sup _{x\in\Omega}\|f(x)...
Mariarty's user avatar
  • 385
5 votes
2 answers
321 views

If the Hausforff dimension of the graph of a function $u$ is $N$ and $\tilde u = u$ a.e. then $\dim_H \mathrm{graph} \, \tilde u = N$ too

Let $\Omega$ be an open (non empty) set and $u:\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^N \to \mathbb{R}^M$ be a function such that the Hausdorff dimension of its graph is $N$. Let $\tilde u = u$ a.e. Is it true ...
Riku's user avatar
  • 839
5 votes
1 answer
499 views

Hausdorff dimension of the graph of a BV function

Let $u: \Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^N \to \mathbb{R}^M$ be a $BV$ function. Is the Hausdorff dimension of the graph of $u$ equal to $N$? How can we prove it? Update. In an answer to this post, it ...
Riku's user avatar
  • 839
4 votes
2 answers
957 views

Do semi-continuous functions generate bounded Borel measurable functions as a $C^*$-algebra?

This question is related to Question 2 of my previous posting. Question. Let $\mu$ be a Radon measure on a compact Hausdorff space $\Omega$ and $L^{\infty}(\Omega,\mu)$ the set of essentially bounded ...
Masayoshi Kaneda's user avatar
4 votes
2 answers
391 views

Lebesgue differentiation theorem at boundary points for Sobolev traces

$\newcommand{\R}{\mathbb R}$ Let $\Omega\subset \R^d$ be a smooth, bounded open set and fix $p\geq 1$. Fact 1: the usual Lebesgue differentiation theorem says that, if $u\in L^p(\Omega)$, then $$ u(x)...
leo monsaingeon's user avatar
4 votes
1 answer
548 views

Two definitions of $L^p$ spaces that are not always equivalent

There are two definitions of $L^p(S, \Sigma,\mu)$ in the literature. (Here $S$ is a set, $\Sigma$ is a $\sigma$-algebra of subsets of $S$ and $\mu$ is a positive measure.) The two definitions are ...
Denis White's user avatar
4 votes
1 answer
260 views

Weak continuity of Lebesgue decomposition

Let $X$ be a space with its $\sigma$-algebra $\mathcal{B}$; we are given a finite measure $\mu$ and a sequence of finite measures $\nu_n$ such that, for every bounded continuous function $f:X\to\...
Samuele's user avatar
  • 1,205
4 votes
1 answer
165 views

Dual spaces of Banach-valued $L^{p}$-spaces

Let $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\mu)$ be a measure space (say complete and $\sigma$-finite, for simplicity). Furthermore, let $(X,\Vert\cdot\Vert_{X})$ be an arbitrary Banach space. I denote by $(L^{p}(\...
G. Blaickner's user avatar
  • 1,429
4 votes
1 answer
228 views

Haar-null union of dense subsets

Let $\{X_i\}_{i \in \mathbb{R}-\{0\}}$ be a set of subsets of a separable infinite-dimensional Fréchet space $X$ and $I$ be uncountable. Moreover, suppose that (Dense $G_{\delta}$) $X_i$ is a dense ...
MrsHaar's user avatar
  • 63
4 votes
1 answer
393 views

How can I show that "almost all function" have property P?

The following is cross-posted from https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1391293/is-almost-all-function-a-well-defined-concept since I didn't (yet) get an answer there. (I hope that's okay?) ...
mimuller's user avatar
  • 151
4 votes
1 answer
860 views

Lebesgue's integrability condition in several variables

The well known Lebesgue's condition of Riemann integrability says that a bounded function in one variable $f\colon [a,b] \to \mathbb{R}$ is Riemann integrable if and only if it is continuous almost ...
asv's user avatar
  • 21.8k
4 votes
1 answer
597 views

Meaning of Alberti rank-one theorem

Heuristically what does Alberti's rank-one theorem imply about the structure of a $\mathrm{BV}$ vector field $\boldsymbol{b}$? Is it rigorously fair to say that the level lines of $\boldsymbol{b}$ ...
user avatar
4 votes
1 answer
151 views

Find $p$ s.t. there is a sequence of nodes in $[0,1]$ s.t. sequence of interpolating polynomials of every continuous function converges in $p$-norm

Let $[a,b]$ be an interval in real line . Given any function $f:[a,b]\to \mathbb R$ and set $A \subseteq [a,b]$ of size $n+1$, there exists a unique polynomial $p_{f,A,n}(x)$ of degree $n$ such that $...
user521337's user avatar
  • 1,209
4 votes
1 answer
184 views

Non-linear translation invariant functionals on $L^1$

I have recently come across a class of (possibly non-linear) operators $F$ defined on $L^1$ such that $F \colon L^1(\mathbb R^d) \to \mathbb [0,+\infty]$; $F(u(\cdot - z)) = F(u(\cdot))$ for every $...
Y.B.'s user avatar
  • 391
4 votes
1 answer
283 views

Absolutely continuity in variation of constant formula

We are talking here about the initial value problem on some Hilbert space $H$ $$y'(t)=Ay(t)+f(t), \\ y(0)=y_0 \in D(A).$$(Problem 1.13 in the reference) Then $y(t)=e^{At}y_0 + \int_0^t e^{A(t-s)}f(s) ...
Torpedo's user avatar
  • 43
4 votes
1 answer
209 views

Simultaneous approximation of arbitrary functions in Hölder space and in $L^2(\mu)$ by a smooth function and its derivative

Let $\mu$ be a probability measure on the circle $S^1=\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}$ which is singular with respect to the Lebesgue measure $\lambda$. Consider the functions spaces $L^2(\mu)$ on the one hand, ...
Benoît Kloeckner's user avatar
4 votes
1 answer
1k views

For what nonnegative measures $\mu$ does $\mu*e^{-|\cdot|}\in L^{\infty}$?

I am trying to characterize all measures on $\mathbb{R}$ such that $$ \sup_{x\in\mathbb{R}} \: (\mu*f)(x)<+\infty, $$ where $f(x)$ is some specific integrable functions, such as $f(x)=e^{-|x|}$, ...
Anand's user avatar
  • 1,649
4 votes
1 answer
370 views

Norms for complex measures

I'm searching for a state of the art introduction to norms on the space of complex measures (on $\mathbb R^n $, for example, or some compact subset thereof). I'd be interested in inequalities of the ...
martin's user avatar
  • 123
4 votes
0 answers
158 views

Measurability of $L^{p}(L^{q})$ integrable functions

Let $ F: \mathbb{R}^n \times (0,\infty) \to \mathbb{R}$ be a function with the property that $ \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} \big[ \int_0^\infty |F(x,r) |^q \, dr \big]^{p/q} \, dx < \infty $ In addition we ...
User091819's user avatar
4 votes
0 answers
481 views

Generalized Jensen's inequality for positively homogeneous functions

The function $f:V \to \hat{\mathbb{R}}$ is said to be positively homogeneous iff $f(\alpha v) = \alpha f(v)$ for every $\alpha \in \mathbb{R}_{++}$. Here $V$ is a real vector space and $\hat{\mathbb{R}...
Nik Bren's user avatar
  • 519
4 votes
0 answers
451 views

Why does it seem that $rca=rba$? [closed]

The following paradox has got me stumped. I'm hoping someone can point out the error. Take a locally compact metric space $X$ and define the $C_b(X)$ and $C_0(X)$ as the spaces of continuous real-...
Mark Peletier's user avatar
3 votes
2 answers
410 views

Is a bounded sequence of $H^1(\Omega)$ tight?

Assume $\Omega$ is a bounded subset of $\Bbb R^d$ and $ (u_n)_n$ is a bounded sequence of the Sobolev space $H^1(\Omega)$. Question: Can we say that $ (u_n)_n$ is tight in $L^2(\Omega)$ namely: ...
Guy Fsone's user avatar
  • 1,101
3 votes
1 answer
233 views

A special approximation of the Heaviside function

Is there a $C^m$ approximation $f_\epsilon$ of the Heaviside function such that $$f_\epsilon(x) = f_1(x/\epsilon) = \begin{cases} 0 & \text{ if } x < 0 \\ 1 & \text{ if } x/\epsilon \ge 1 \...
Hiro's user avatar
  • 131
3 votes
1 answer
176 views

Question about Lebesgue Bochner spaces

Let $T>0$ and $\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^N$ be a bounded domain. Also $p\in (1,\infty)$ is any number. I know that $u\in L^{p}((0,T);L^p(\Omega))$ and $\nabla u\in L^{p}((0,T);L^p(\Omega))^N$. How ...
Bogdan's user avatar
  • 1,759