All Questions
Tagged with ca.classical-analysis-and-odes harmonic-analysis
157 questions
59
votes
7
answers
29k
views
Learning roadmap for harmonic analysis
In short, I am interested to know of the various approaches one could take to learn modern harmonic analysis in depth. However, the question deserves additional details. Currently, I am reading Loukas ...
24
votes
6
answers
7k
views
Applications of Hardy's inequality
Every so often I would encounter Hardy's inequality:
Theorem 1 (Hardy's inequality). If $p>1$, $a_n \geq 0$, and $A_n=a_1+a_2+\cdots+a_n$, then
$$\sum_{n=1}^\infty \left(\frac{A_n}{n}\right)^p ...
19
votes
1
answer
5k
views
Intuition for the Hardy space $H^1$ on $R^n$
the standard intuition for Lebesgue spaces $L^p(\mathbb R^n)$ for $p \in [1,\infty]$ are measurable functions with certain decay properties at infinity or at the singularities.
In particular, a ...
- 5,327
14
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Uncertainty principle
A version of the uncertainty principle says that a function and its Fourier transform cannot be both with compact support: it is not difficult to prove since a compactly supported distribution has an ...
- 16.2k
14
votes
2
answers
996
views
Does there exist some $C$ independent of $n$ and $f$ such that $ \|f''\|_p \geq Cn^2 \| f \|_p$, where $1 \leq p\leq \infty$?
Let $f$ be a trigonometric polynomial on the circle $\mathbb{T}$ with $\hat{f}(j) = 0$ for all $j \in \mathbb{Z}$ with $\lvert j \rvert < n$. Does there exist some $C$ independent of $n$ and $f$ ...
- 141
13
votes
2
answers
862
views
Motivation for BMO
At the moment, I don't have access to the early 1960's paper of John and Nirenberg that (from what I understand) introduced the space BMO (bounded mean oscillation). Why were John and Nirenberg ...
- 261
12
votes
1
answer
727
views
A generalization of Rubio de Francia's inequality
Suppose that $\{I_m\}$ is a sequence of pairwise disjoint intervals in $\mathbb{Z}$. The well known Rubio de Francia's inequality says that for any function $f\in L^p(\mathbb{T})$, $2\le p<\infty$, ...
11
votes
0
answers
3k
views
Eric T. Sawyer's proof of Fourier restriction conjecture
Some days ago Eric T. Sawyer uploaded a paper to arxiv claiming a proof of the Fourier restriction conjecture https://arxiv.org/pdf/2311.03145.pdf. If complete and correct this work will be a landmark ...
- 111
10
votes
5
answers
2k
views
Background for Hejhal's "The Selberg Trace Formula for $PSL(2, \mathbb{R})$
Reposted from math.stackexchange where my question received only five views and no answers...
I'm trying to learn the Selberg trace formula, but have very little background in harmonic analysis. I ...
- 7,062
9
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Rate of convergence of smooth mollifiers
How does one figure out/prove the rate of convergence (in some norm) of mollifiers given a function bounded in some other norm (say Sobolev space, Besov space)? Also, is there a dimensional analysis ...
- 2,243
9
votes
1
answer
210
views
Nonconventional ergodic averages for commuting transformations
Let $S$ and $T$ be commuting measure-preserving transformations of a standard probability space $(X,\mu)$, so $S$ and $T$ define an action of $\mathbb{Z}^2$ on $(X,\mu)$. I am wondering about ...
- 1,769
9
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Endpoint Strichartz Estimates for the Schrödinger Equation
The non-endpoint Strichartz estimates for the (linear) Schrödinger equation:
$$
\|e^{i t \Delta/2} u_0 \|_{L^q_t L^r_x(\mathbb{R}\times \mathbb{R}^d)} \lesssim \|u_0\|_{L^2_x(\mathbb{R}^d)}
$$
$$
2 \...
- 217
9
votes
1
answer
410
views
The discrete Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality
Let $p>1$, $q>1$, $0<\lambda<1$ be such that
$\frac{1}{p}+\frac{1}{q}+\lambda=2$. Suppose that
$(a_{k})\in \ell^{p}(\mathbb{Z})$ and $(b_{k})\in \ell^{q}(\mathbb{Z})$.
It is known ([1,2,3]...
- 143
9
votes
0
answers
347
views
Can one prove Rademacher’s theorem via the rising sun lemma?
The classical Rademacher’s theorem states that Lipschitz continuous functions on $\mathbb R^n$ are differentiable almost everywhere.
In dimension one, a stronger result holds - it can be shown that ...
- 6,215
8
votes
2
answers
3k
views
$L^p$-norm of Fourier series in terms of coefficients, $p \neq 2$
It is known that the $L^2$-norm of a Fourier series equals the $l^2$-norm of the coefficients. Are there similar results in the case of $L^p$-norm for $p\neq 2$? Can it be expressed explicitly in ...
- 176
8
votes
2
answers
2k
views
The dual group of $\mathbb Q$
What is the dual group of the additive group of rational numbers equipped with the standard topology inherited from $\mathbb R$? As a group, this dual group is isomorphic to $\mathbb R$ (see the ...
- 162
8
votes
2
answers
1k
views
What is the simplest oscillatory integral for which sharp bounds are unknown?
I have either heard or read that sharp asymptotics and bounds for oscillatory integrals of the form
$ \int e^{i \lambda \Phi(x)} \psi(x) dx \quad \lambda \to \infty $
are unknown when the critical ...
- 2,243
8
votes
0
answers
277
views
a question on the paper of Łaba and Wolff
I'm reading the paper A local smoothing estimate in higher dimensions by Izabella Łaba and Thomas Wolff. The paper can be found at J. Anal. Math. 88 (2002), 149–171, doi: 10.1007/BF02786576, arxiv: ...
- 463
8
votes
0
answers
349
views
Finding a dimension-free bound for a certain multiplier on Euclidean space
The following question is indirectly motivated by strong type maximal function estimates. Let $f\in L_{p}(\mathbb{R}^{n})$. For $\xi=(\xi_{1},\ldots,\xi_{n})\in\mathbb{R}^{n}$ define $m(\xi)$ so ...
- 141
7
votes
2
answers
437
views
Radial limit does not exist almost everywhere
Problem 4 in Chapter 4 of Stein's book "Real Analysis" says
$\sum_{n\geqslant 0}z^{2^n}$
doesn't have radial limit as $z$ approaches the unit circle from inside almost everywhere. It's fairly easy ...
- 171
7
votes
1
answer
941
views
Kakeya and Nikodym maximal functions
I've been working through part of Terry Tao's 1999 article "The Bochner-Riesz Conjecture Implies the Restriction Conjecture." (It appeared in the Duke Mathematical Journal.) A little more specifically,...
- 213
7
votes
3
answers
1k
views
A Question concerning the Fourier Transform of $\mathbb{R}$
Consider the classical Schwartz space $\mathcal{S}(\mathbb{R})$ together with the Fourier transform $\mathcal{F} : \mathcal{S}(\mathbb{R}) \rightarrow \mathcal{S}( \mathbb{R})$.
Consider the subspace ...
- 11.2k
7
votes
2
answers
340
views
Sum of $\sin$ when angles shrink by $1/n$
There are many identities known like
$$\sum_{k=0}^{n-1} \sin (k \cdot \theta + \varphi) = \frac{\sin\left(n \cdot \frac{\theta}{2}\right)}{\sin\left(\frac{\theta}{2}\right)} \cdot \sin \left(\frac{2 \...
- 749
7
votes
2
answers
1k
views
For what spaces is the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator of strong type $(p,p)$ if and only if $p > p_0 > 1$?
(This is essentially a continuation of my previous question, here.)
Let $(X,d,\mu)$ be a metric measure space, i.e. $\mu$ is a Borel measure on the metric space $(X,d)$. Further assume (though you ...
user14166
7
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Regularity of Fourier transforms of $L^p$ functions for $2<p\le\infty$
I was recently reading about the Mikhlin and Hörmander Multiplier Theorems, which give conditions for a measurable function $m:\mathbb R^d\to\mathbb C$ to be an $L^p$ multiplier, i.e. for there to ...
- 1,247
7
votes
1
answer
665
views
Dominated convergence to characteristic function
Let $\phi_m(x):=\chi_{[0,1]} * \chi_{[0,1]} *...* \chi_{[0,1]}$ be the m -times convolution (so $m+1$ characteristic functions are involved).
Then the Fourier transform of this function is given by
$...
- 81
7
votes
1
answer
355
views
Compactly supported probability measure in high dimensions with fast Fourier decay?
For any sufficiently large $d\in\mathbb{N}$, does there exist a probability measure $\Psi$ supported on the Euclidean ball in $\mathbb{R}^d$ for which $|\widehat{\Psi}[\omega]|\le C\cdot \exp(-\|\...
- 91
7
votes
2
answers
824
views
Fourier series of smooth functions in infinitely many variables
Let $J$ be a set (usually countable). Let $t_j$, $j\in J$, be variables in ${\mathbb R}/2\pi i{\mathbb Z}.$ Put $u_j=\exp(it_j),$ $j\in J.$ Introduce the following semi-norms on the space of Fourier ...
- 401
6
votes
4
answers
8k
views
Characterization of the non-negative definite functions $f(x,y)$
The common definition of the non-negative definite functions is as follows:
Definition 1: A continuous complex-valued function $f(x)$ is called non-negative definite, if for any real numbers $x_1,\...
- 1,649
6
votes
2
answers
929
views
Regularity of random Fourier series
The following two statements appear to be true (but do correct me if I am wrong):
The coefficients of a $C^k$ function on the torus $T^n$ decay at least as fast as $x^{-k}$ (where $x$ is some norm on ...
- 96.4k
6
votes
1
answer
741
views
Is the following integral nonzero?
Recently I met an integral as follow:
$$\int_0^{2\pi}\cdots\int_0^{2\pi}\left(\prod\limits_{1\leq i<j\leq9}\sin\frac{\theta_i-\theta_j}{2}\right)\left(\prod\limits_{i=1}^9(1+\cos(\theta_i-\theta_{i+...
- 1,997
6
votes
1
answer
366
views
Is the Besov space $B_{\infty,1}^0(\mathbb{R}^d)$ a multiplication algebra?
Let $s\in\mathbb{R}$ and $1\leq p,q\leq\infty$. Consider the Besov scale of spaces $B_{p,q}^s(\mathbb{R}^d)$ defined by the norm
$$\|f\|_{B_{p,q}^s} := (\sum_{j=0}^\infty \|P_{j} f\|_{L^p}^q)^{1/q},$$
...
- 873
6
votes
1
answer
193
views
Oscillatory integrals with a decaying factor in the integrand
Lemma 4.5 of Titchmarsh's book The Theory of the Riemann Zeta function says (slightly rephrased):
Let $F$ be a twice differentiable real function such that $ F''(x) \geq r > 0$ for all $x$ in $[a,b]...
- 63
6
votes
1
answer
196
views
Circular sequences continuous?
I noticed something interesting when playing around with Mathematica.
Consider the sum
$$x(N)= \frac{1}{N^2} \sum_{i=1}^{N-1} \frac{1}{1-\cos(2\pi i/N)}$$
this sequence will converge to $1/6$ as $N$...
user121558
6
votes
1
answer
212
views
Oscillatory integrals of algebraic functions
Consider an algebraic function $\phi$ on $R^{d}$.
By this I mean that there exists a polynomial $P$
with coefficients in $R[x_1,...,x_d]$ (coefficients are polynomials!)
such that $P(\phi) = 0$
Let $...
- 547
6
votes
1
answer
591
views
For which metric measure spaces is the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator not of weak type (1,1)?
Let $(X,d,\mu)$ be a metric measure space, i.e. $\mu$ is a Borel measure on the metric space $(X,d)$. I'll denote the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator - either centred or uncentred, I don't mind ...
user14166
6
votes
1
answer
258
views
Littlewood-Paley theory and dense property of Sobolev spaces [duplicate]
I'm learning the Littlewood-Paley theory by myself and I encounter the following claim:
Pick a smooth function $\chi$ such that:
$$\chi(\xi) = \begin{cases}
1 &|\xi| \leq \frac{1}{2}\\
0 &|\...
- 61
6
votes
1
answer
134
views
Multi-parameter stationary phase asymptotic expansion
I am looking for an asymptotic expansion of the oscillatory integral of the form
$$\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}f(x)\exp(i(\lambda_1\phi_1(x)+\dots+\lambda_k\phi_k(x))dx,$$
as $\lambda_i\to \infty$ ...
- 1,692
6
votes
0
answers
213
views
Equivalent forms of Fourier restriction conjecture
this question is posted in mathstackexchange, but it seems that no one answers it. Sorry to the administrator if this question is not appropriate on Mathoverflow.
I'm reading Pertti Maattila's book ...
- 196
6
votes
0
answers
211
views
Regularity of $|u|^{\alpha}$ when $u$ is Schwartz
Let $0<\alpha<1$. Let $D_x^{\alpha}$ denote the Fourier multiplier given by $\xi\to |\xi|^{\alpha}$. Suppose $u:\mathbb{R}^d\to\mathbb{C}$ is Schwartz (or even just smooth with compact support). ...
6
votes
0
answers
120
views
Condition on the support of $f$ which ensure that $\widehat{f}$ has a zero-measure nodal region
Suppose that $f\in L^2(\mathbb{R})$ is non-zero and compactly supported. Then its Fourier transform $\widehat{f}\neq 0$ is analytic, and in particular the nodal set $\{\xi\in\mathbb{R}\,s.t.\,\widehat{...
- 282
5
votes
1
answer
314
views
A simple oscillatory integral with a non-smooth phase
Let $\phi\in C_c^\infty(\mathbb{R})$ be an even function such that $\chi_{(-1/2,1/2)}\le\phi\le \chi_{(-1,1)}$, where $\chi_{(a,b)}$ stands for the indicator function of the interval $(a,b)$. For $\...
- 421
5
votes
1
answer
566
views
Could we interpolate the compactness of compact operators?
Classical theorems of Marcinkiewicz and Riesz and their extensions to general Banach spaces by Calderón, Lions, Peetre, et al. allow us to interpolate the continuity of two operators, viz., the ...
- 1,202
5
votes
1
answer
227
views
Existence of $L^\infty$ function on $\mathbb{T}$ whose Fourier series is $\ell^2$ but no better?
I'm sure that this is classical--but can anyone provide a reasonable example of an $L^\infty(\mathbb{T})$ function whose Fourier series is $\ell^2$ but no better? Not even $L^2\log L$? Presumably one ...
- 193
5
votes
1
answer
156
views
Extremal functions for the 'packing density in dimension one'
The $n = 1$ case of Theorem 3.1 of Cohn and Elkies's paper New upper bounds on sphere packings I amounts to the inequality $f(0) \geq 1$ for all ('admissible') functions $f$ on $\mathbb{R}$ satisfying
...
- 13.8k
5
votes
2
answers
476
views
Fourier support condition in the paper 'A study guide for the $l^2$ decoupling theorem'
I'm currently reading Bourgain and Demeter's study guide for the $l^2$ decoupling theorem (https://arxiv.org/pdf/1604.06032.pdf). I have some trouble with understanding the proof of Proposition 8.4.
...
- 61
5
votes
0
answers
243
views
Is there a way to solve this integral on the sphere explicitly?
Let $k_{j}\in {\mathbb{Z}}^{+}$ and $\,a_{j}\in \,]0,1[$, be such that
$k_{j}\,a_{j}<1$, $j=1,\cdots,n$. Let $f:\mathbb{R}^{n}\rightarrow [0,\infty[$ be defined by the integral
$$f(y):=\int_{\...
- 852
4
votes
3
answers
509
views
Fourier transform in $L^1$?
Let $f \in L^1 \cap L^2$. Are there any natural conditions on $f$ that ensure that the Fourier transform $\hat f$ is in $L^1?$
I don't want to have anything as restrictive as Schwartz. I am rather ...
4
votes
1
answer
461
views
Estimate on $C^1$-norm of solution of the Dirichlet problem for the Laplace equation
Let $\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ be a bounded domain with $C^\infty$-smooth boundary. Let $\phi\in C^\infty(\partial \Omega)$. Let $u$ be the solution of the Dirichlet problem of the Laplace equation
\...
- 21.8k
4
votes
1
answer
225
views
Approximate constant function
Let $f:[0,1]^2 \rightarrow \mathbb C$ be an $H^1$ function with the property that $f(x,x)=0$ and $\Vert f \Vert_{L^2[0,1]}=1.$
Does there exist a constant $c>0$ such that any such function ...
- 192