All Questions
49 questions
6
votes
1
answer
796
views
A Poincaré-like inequality
Is it true that for some real $K>0$ and all real $u\in C_0^\infty((0,1))$ we have
$$\int_0^1 (u'(x)^2+u(x)^2)\,dx\,\int_0^1 u(x)^2\,dx
\le K\Big(\int_0^1 x\,u'(x)^2\,dx\Big)^2\text{ ?}$$
- 128k
2
votes
1
answer
107
views
If $b\in C^1(E, \mathbb{R})$ and $b'$ is compact, then $b$ is weakly continuous — a reference request
While reading the well known book Minimax Methods in Critical Point Theory with Applications to Differential Equations by Paul Rabinowitz, in the proof of a generalisation of the Mountain Pass Theorem ...
2
votes
2
answers
451
views
The compact embedding of $H^{1/2}_{2\pi}$ in $L^s(0, 2\pi)$
Consider the fractional Sobolev space $H^{1/2}_{2\pi}$. This space consists of the functions $u$ in the space $L^2(0, 2\pi)$ whose coefficients of their Fourier expansion $$u(t)=a_0+\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}...
1
vote
0
answers
100
views
N-wave solution of conservation law $u_t + (u - u^2)_x = 0$
How can we compute the "N-wave" source-solution of the conservation law
$$u_t + (u - u^2)_x = 0, $$
that is, the entropy solution of this conservation law with the initial data $u(0,\cdot) = ...
- 839
4
votes
2
answers
610
views
Unit ball of the sum space
Let $V$ be a vector space and $\|\cdot \|_1$ and $\|\cdot\|_2$ two norms on $V$.
Let $\|\cdot\|_+$ be given by
$$ \|v\|_+ := \inf_{v = v_1 + v_2} \|v_1\|_1 + \|v_2\|_2 $$
It is well-known that $\|\...
- 39k
1
vote
0
answers
47
views
Scaling limit of transport equation with double-well potential
Let us consider the transport PDE
$$
u^\epsilon_t + u^\epsilon_x= -\frac{1}{\epsilon} W'(u^\epsilon)
$$
where $W$ is a double-well potential -- for example, $W(x)=\frac{1}{4}(x^2-1)^2$ so that the PDE ...
- 839
2
votes
0
answers
64
views
Scaling limit of ODE with double-well potential
Let us consider the ODE
$$
\frac{d}{dt}x_\epsilon(t) = -\frac{1}{\epsilon} W'(x_\epsilon(t))
$$
where $W$ is a double-well potential -- for example, $W(x)=\frac{1}{4}(x^2-1)^2$ so that the ODE reads
$$...
- 839
3
votes
2
answers
809
views
Growth of $L^p$ norms as $p \to \infty$
Let $f$ be a non-negative function defined on the unit interval. It is well known that $N(p) := \left(\int_0^1 f^p(t) dt\right)^{\frac{1}{p}} $ converges to $\operatorname{esssup}_{[0,1]} f$ when $p \...
- 1,211
1
vote
1
answer
182
views
Proving an estimate for the Neumann problem on $\mathbb{R}^3 \setminus B_1$ in Weighted Sobolev spaces
Let $M := \mathbb{R}^3 \setminus B_1$ where $B_1$ is the unit ball.
It is known that for every $g \in H^{\frac{1}{2}} (\partial M)$, and for an appropriate $\delta$, there exists a unique solution $u$ ...
- 969
1
vote
2
answers
106
views
Green function of symmetric stable process in dimension 1 and 2
Are the results in this paper on the Green function of a symmetric stable process available also in space dimension $d =1$ and $d=2$? The main theorems here are stated only for $d \ge 3$.
- 99
1
vote
1
answer
122
views
Existence and uniqueness for the equation $u_t + \nabla |u| = 0$
How does one prove the existence, uniqueness, and regularity for the equation
$$u_t + \nabla_x |u| = 0 $$
with initial data $u(0,x) = u_0(x)$ and where the unknown function is $u:\mathbb (0,\infty)\...
- 41
1
vote
1
answer
195
views
Existence and regularity for fractional elliptic problem with gradient term: $ (-\Delta)^s u + v\cdot \nabla u = 0$ with $v \in \dot H^s$
Let us consider the problem
$$ (-\Delta)^s u + v\cdot \nabla u = 0 \quad \text{ in } \mathbb R^n, $$
where $s \in (0,1)$, $(-\Delta)^s$ is the fractional Laplace operator and
$v:\mathbb R^n \to \...
- 99
2
votes
0
answers
169
views
Functions whose Fourier coefficients satisfy $ \sum_{k=1}^\infty |c_k| < 1 $?
Let $f:(0,1) \to \mathbb R$ be a function that can be written as $$f(x) = \sum_{k=1}^\infty c_k \phi_k(x),$$ where $\phi_k(x) = \cos(\pi k x)$. What is the minimal assumption required on $f$ to ...
- 839
5
votes
1
answer
297
views
A scaled fractional ''Sobolev inequality''
Does a fractional interpolation inequality similar to $$
\int_{B_R(0)} |u| dx \le C R^{2} \sqrt{\log(2R)} \Big( \int_{\mathbb R^2}\int_{\mathbb R^2} \frac{|u(x)-u(y)|^2}{|x-y|^{2+2s}} dxdy + \int_{B_1(...
- 109
2
votes
0
answers
86
views
Eigenvalues of the operator $A = -v'' + B(x) v$
How can I prove that for the eigenvalues of the operator $$A := -v'' + B(x) v$$ on $(0,L)$ with zero Dirichlet boundary condition it holds that
$$
\left| \lambda_n - \frac{\pi^2n^2}{L^2}\right| \le ||...
- 217
0
votes
1
answer
86
views
Kolmogorov entropy of a subset of $L^1$
How can we estimate the Kolmogorov $\epsilon$-entropy
$$H_\epsilon (A,L^1(\mathbb R))$$
where
$
A = \{f:\mathbb R \to [0,K] \text{ s.t. $f \in L^1$ and has total variation $TV(f) \le M$}\}
$?
- 839
1
vote
1
answer
387
views
$L^p$ compactness for a sequence of functions from compactness of product with cut-off
Fix $p \in [1,\infty)$. Let $f_n:[a,b] \to \mathbb R$, $n \in \mathbb N$, be a sequence of $C^1$ functions. For every fixed $m\in \mathbb N^*$, suppose that the sequence of functions $$\{f_{n}\psi_m(...
- 161
1
vote
1
answer
426
views
$L^p$ compactness for a sequence of functions from compactness of cut-off
Fix $p \in [1,\infty)$. Let $f_n:[a,b] \to \mathbb R$, $n \in \mathbb N$, be a sequence of $C^1$ functions. For every fixed $m\in \mathbb N^*$, suppose that the sequence of functions $$\{f_{n}\psi_m(...
- 161
5
votes
0
answers
91
views
Reference request: sufficiently smooth functions on the plane belong to the projective tensor square of $L^2$ of the line
Let $\newcommand{\ptp}{\widehat{\otimes}}\ptp$ denote the projective tensor product of Banach spaces. Some back of the envelope calcuations, using the Fourier transform and Plancherel/Parseval, ...
- 25.8k
4
votes
0
answers
126
views
Relationship between three different definitions of solutions for ODE with irregular coefficient
What is the difference between the notions of
Regular Lagrangian flow
Filippov solution
Caratheodory solution
of an ODE $\dot \Phi(t,x) = b(t,\Phi(t,x))$, with initial condition $\Phi(0,x) = x$, ...
- 839
1
vote
2
answers
424
views
Regular Lagrangian flow for the problem $\frac{d}{dt} X(t,x) = \chi_{\{x>0\}}(X(t,x))$
Consider the problem
$$(\star) \quad \begin{cases} \frac{d}{dt} X(t,x) = \chi_{\{x>0\}}(X(t,x)), &t \in [0,T],\\
X(0,x) = x, &x \in \mathbb R
\end{cases}
$$
where $\chi$ denotes the ...
- 839
3
votes
2
answers
322
views
Hausdorff dimension of the graph of the sum of two continuous functions
How can one prove the following result on the Hausdorff dimension of the graph of the sum of two continuous functions:
Let $f,g:[0,1] \to \mathbb R$ be two continuous functions. Suppose that $$\...
user139844
2
votes
2
answers
317
views
Concrete example of BV function $u:\mathbb{R}^2 \to \mathbb{R}$ with singular derivative
What are examples of two BV functions $u:\mathbb{R}^2 \to \mathbb{R}$ with singular derivative?
More precisely, I'd like to see an example (and a plot using Mathematica or Matlab) of
a function
$$...
- 839
2
votes
1
answer
391
views
Entropy solution for linear transport equation
Consider the transport equations
$$ (1) \qquad \partial_t u + \operatorname{div}(bu) = 0$$
and
$$ (2) \qquad \partial_t u + b \cdot \nabla u= 0$$
Can we define a notion of entropy solutions for (1) ...
- 839
1
vote
1
answer
178
views
Growth assumption and example of finite (arbitrarily small) time blow up for ODE
Consider the following ODE initial value problem
\begin{align*}
&\frac{d}{dt}\Phi(t,x) = \boldsymbol{F}(t,\Phi(t,x)), & t \in [0,T], \ \ x \in \mathbb{R}^N,\\
&\Phi(0,x) = x, & x \in \...
- 839
2
votes
0
answers
199
views
Convergence of the difference quotient of a BV function
Consider a BV function $u \in BV(\mathbb{R}^N; \mathbb{R}^N)$.
What can be said about the difference quotient
$$
\frac{u(x+\epsilon y)-u(x)}{\epsilon}
$$
regarding its convergence as $\epsilon \to 0$...
- 839
2
votes
0
answers
165
views
Jacobian and Jacobian matrix of solutions of ODE with Sobolev vector field
Let $\Phi$ be the Lagrangian flow (defined as in page 6 of this paper) of the ODE
$$\begin{cases}
\frac{d}{dt}\Phi(x,t) = f(\Phi(x,t),t) \quad t >0 \\
\Phi(x,0) = x \quad x \in \mathbb{R}^N
\end{...
user124345
1
vote
0
answers
107
views
Level sets of a BV function and its derivative
Given $u \in BV(\Omega; \mathbb{R}^M)$, where $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^N$, what is the relationship between its level sets and its distributional derivative $Db$?
More specifically, does Alberti ...
- 839
0
votes
0
answers
63
views
Feller semigroups and fractional operators
Have Feller semigroups been used to investigate the properties of the Cauchy problem associated with the fractional Laplacian (just like they have been used to study local degenerate second order ...
user60665
1
vote
1
answer
247
views
Elliptic interface problem without conditions on the interface
Consider an open domain $U$ split in two non-overlapping subdomains: $U = U_1 \cup U_2$.
For a model case, consider a ball split in a smaller ball and an anulus.
Consider the following elliptic ...
user60665
6
votes
1
answer
134
views
Multi-parameter stationary phase asymptotic expansion
I am looking for an asymptotic expansion of the oscillatory integral of the form
$$\int_{\mathbb{R}^n}f(x)\exp(i(\lambda_1\phi_1(x)+\dots+\lambda_k\phi_k(x))dx,$$
as $\lambda_i\to \infty$ ...
- 1,692
0
votes
1
answer
242
views
Harnack inequality for fractional laplacian
Let u be a positive solution of $s\in (0, 1) $
\begin{equation}
\left\{\begin{aligned}
(-\Delta )^{s} u &= 0 \text{ in } (-2T, 2T)\\
u &=g\quad\text{in}\quad \mathbb R\setminus(-2T, 2T).
\...
- 402
1
vote
0
answers
324
views
Conditions for Poisson summation (for discontinuous functions)
Let $G$ be an locally compact abelian group with $\Gamma$ a discrete cocompact subgroup. I'm looking for precise conditions by which Poisson summation formula holds. That is, for some function $f$ on $...
- 3,799
7
votes
3
answers
2k
views
Collections of examples and counterexamples in (real, complex, functional) analysis, ODEs and PDEs
What books collect examples and counterexamples (or also "solved exercises", for some suitable definition of "exercise") in
real analysis,
complex analysis,
functional analysis,
ODEs,
PDEs?
The ...
user60665
1
vote
1
answer
262
views
Relationship between $f(t,x)$ as $t \to \infty$ and $f(t/\epsilon, x/\epsilon^2)$ as $\epsilon \to 0$ (periodic functions)
Let $f: (0,\infty)\times \mathbb {R} \to \mathbb{R}$ be $1$-periodic in the second variable and in $L^\infty((0,\infty)\times \mathbb{R}).$ If it is necessary, we can also assume $f$ to be continuous. ...
user89890
2
votes
2
answers
406
views
Solution to semilinear heat equation at $t=0$: $u_t(0,x) - \Delta u(0,x) + f(x,u,u_x)= 0 \ ?$
Consider the following Cauchy problem
$$u_t - \Delta u + f(x,u,u_x) = 0, \quad (t,x) \in (0,T) \times \mathbb{R}^n,$$
with initial condition $u(0,x) = g(x), \ x \in \mathbb{R}^n.$
Suppose that $u \...
- 303
5
votes
2
answers
840
views
Decompostition of a Lipschitz domain
We say that $\Omega$ is a strongly star shaped domain (with respect to $0$ for example) in $\mathbb R ^n$ if:
$$\Omega = \{x\in \mathbb R ^n : \left \| x \right \| < g(\frac{x}{\left \| x\right \...
- 291
2
votes
2
answers
261
views
Viscosity solutions for $u'(x) + \alpha u(x) - f(x) = 0$: supersolutions dominate subsolutions
Let $$u'(x) + \alpha u(x) - f(x) = 0,$$ with $x \in [0,\infty)$ and $\alpha \in \mathbb{R}$. Suppose $f \in C(\mathbb{R})$.
If
$u_1$ is a viscosity supersolution (or a viscosity solution, or a $C^...
user102027
2
votes
0
answers
79
views
Point Spectrum of a Second Order System of Differential Equations
Consider the following operator acting on $H^1(\mathbb{R})$
$$
\mathcal{L} \left(\begin{array}{c} \phi \\ \psi \end{array}\right) = -\left(\begin{array}{c} \phi \\ \psi \end{array}\right)'' + V(x) \...
- 516
12
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Sard's Theorem For Banach Spaces
Given a smooth map from $\phi: B \rightarrow M$ where $B$ is a Banach Space and $M$ is a finite dimensional smooth manifold (for example, the end point map for a control system), what is the strongest ...
- 2,099
1
vote
1
answer
403
views
Derivative of a time evolution operator w.r.t. a parameter
Let $N\geq1$ be an integer and let $H:[0,1]^2\to\mathbb C^{N\times N}$ be a pointwise hermitean matrix valued function.
For $y\in[0,1]$ and $0\leq a\leq b\leq 1$, let $U_y(b,a)$ be the time evolution ...
- 8,086
6
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Existence of a measure-preserving bijection
Let $f, g \, \colon \mathbb{R}^n \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ be two Borel-measurable functions such that $f$ is non negative and
g is radially symmetric,
the function $ (0, \infty )\ni t \mapsto g (tx)$ ...
- 161
5
votes
1
answer
136
views
Reference for higher order Campanato Lemmas, e.g. `Sufficiently fast L^2 decay on balls to affine functions implies C^{1,\alpha}'
Whence can I reference the following fact (I have seen it quoted as `standard' in respectable places, so I hope it is so)?:
Let $f : B_2(0) \to \mathbb{R}$, say $f \in L^2(B_2(0))$ . Suppose that ...
- 1,771
3
votes
0
answers
146
views
Variational Principle for a System of Differential Equations
I am studying a differential operator of the form $$ L\left(\begin{array}{c} u \\ v \end{array}\right) = -\Delta \left(\begin{array}{c} u \\ v \end{array}\right) + V(x)\left(\begin{array}{c} u \\ v \...
- 516
7
votes
2
answers
1k
views
For what spaces is the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator of strong type $(p,p)$ if and only if $p > p_0 > 1$?
(This is essentially a continuation of my previous question, here.)
Let $(X,d,\mu)$ be a metric measure space, i.e. $\mu$ is a Borel measure on the metric space $(X,d)$. Further assume (though you ...
user14166
5
votes
2
answers
774
views
Can we calculate the inner product of a semicontinous function with the Dirac delta function?
Dear all,
It is clear that if $f:R\mapsto R$ is a continuous function, than $< f, \delta_x >=f(x)$. Now, if $f$ is only semicontinous, can we say that $< f, \delta_x >=f(x)$? I think this ...
- 1,649
2
votes
1
answer
547
views
Equivalent references for Schwartz's book of the distribution theory
Hello,
It seems that there is no English translation of the Schwartz's book 1966. I may need to use the spaces like
$$
\dot{\mathcal{B}}(R),\quad \dot{\mathcal{B}}'(R),\quad \mathcal{B}(R),\quad \...
- 1,649
59
votes
7
answers
29k
views
Learning roadmap for harmonic analysis
In short, I am interested to know of the various approaches one could take to learn modern harmonic analysis in depth. However, the question deserves additional details. Currently, I am reading Loukas ...
9
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Hilbert transforms of measures
Given a finite measure $\mu$ on the real line $\mathbb R$, one definition of its Hilbert transform is $(H\mu)(y) =\frac{1}{\pi}(PV)\int \frac{d\mu(x)}{x-y}$ which is known to exist almost everywhere ...
- 91