All Questions
91 questions
1
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1
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160
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Given iid $w_1,\dotsc,w_N \sim N(0,1/d)$ iid, find a simple matrix $A$ s.t $\|aa^T-A\|_\text{op}\to0$, where $a_i := E_{G \sim N(0,1)}[f(\|w_i\| G)]$
Let $d$ and $N$ be two large comparable integers, for example assume
$$
N,d \to \infty, \quad d/N \to \gamma \in (0,\infty).
$$
Let $w_1,\dotsc,w_N$ be iid from $N(0,(1/d)I_d)$ and let $f:\mathbb R \...
- 12.9k
2
votes
1
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415
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High-probability lower bound for norm of least squares solution when both design matrix $X$ and response vector $y$ are random (and independent)
Let $n,d \to \infty$ with $n/d \to \gamma \in (0,\infty)$. Let $X$ be a random $n \times d$ matrix independent rows uniformly distributed on the the unit-sphere in $\mathbb R^d$ and let $y$ be a ...
CommunityBot
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3
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0
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92
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Tighter Freedman's inequality for a special martingale difference sequence
Let $X_{1}, \ldots, X_{T} \in \{0, 1\}$ be a sequence of Boolean random variables with
$$
\mathbb{E}[X_{t} | X_{1}, \dots, X_{t - 1}] = p_{t}.
$$
Consider the sequence $Y_{t} := X_{t} - p_{t}$ (which ...
- 63.9k
1
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1
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415
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Approximate the singular values of a certain random dot-product kernel matrix (in the sense of El Karoui, Cheng-Singer, etc.)
Let $g:\mathbb R \to \mathbb R $ be a continuous function which is
"sufficiently smooth" (e.g $\mathcal C^3$) around $0$, and
"sufficiently integrable" (e.g integrable w.r.t $N(0,...
CommunityBot
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0
votes
1
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108
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RMT for modified Wishard matrix $Y'Y$ (where $i$th row of $Y$ is zero if $|x_i^\top u| \le \theta$; else it equals $x_i$)
Let $n$ and $d$ be positive integers tending to infinity such that $d/n \to \phi \in (0,\infty)$. Let $X$ be an $n \times d$ random matrix with iid rows $x_1,\ldots,x_n$ from $N(0, \Sigma)$, where $\...
CommunityBot
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0
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0
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44
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Large Deviation Principle for an adaptive sampling rule for Multi Armed Bandits
Consider the following adaptive strategy for sampling from a Multi Armed Bandit with $K$ arms:
Split the $T$ rounds into $N (\in \mathbb{N})$ disjoint intervals. Each interval is indexed by $i=1,2,\...
- 9
3
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1
answer
379
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Concentration inequality for norm of solution to nonlinear least-squares problem
Define the piecewise-linear function $\psi(t):=\max(t,0)$ for all $t \in \mathbb R$.
Let $d,n,k \to \infty$ at the same rate (i.e $n \asymp k \asymp d$).
Let $y_1,\ldots,y_n \in \{-1,1\}$ uniformly ...
CommunityBot
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1
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1
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153
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Minimax estimation rate of sparse vector $w_\star$, w.r.t to mixed norm $\|\hat w_n-w_\star\| := \|\hat w_n - w_\star\|_2 + \|\hat w_n-w_\star\|_q$
Let $n,d,s$ be positive integers with $s \le d$, and let $B_0(d,s)$ be the set of all (real) $d$-dimensional vectors with at most $s$ nonzero components. Given an $n \times d$ matrix $X$ with rows $...
CommunityBot
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1
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1
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216
views
Rademacher complexity of function class $(x,y) \mapsto 1[|yf(x)-\alpha| \ge \beta]$ in terms of $\alpha$, $\beta$, and Rademacher complexity of $F$
Let $X$ be a measurable space and let $P$ be a probability distribution on $X \times \{\pm 1\}$. Let $F$ be a function class on $X$, i.e., a collection of (measurable) functions from $X$ to $\mathbb R$...
- 12.9k
2
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0
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84
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Concentration result for self-normalized empirical process
In Theorem 1.1 of this paper by Bercu, Gassiat and Rio, a concentration result is derived for the 'self-normalized' empirical process. Specifically, suppose that $(X,X_n)_{n \ge 1}$ is a sequence of i....
- 206
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1
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231
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Concentration inequalities for random sampling without replacement
Let a population $C$ consist of $N$ values $c_1, c_2, \cdots, c_N$, with $c_i\in \{0,1\}$. Let $X_1, X_2, \cdots, X_n$ denote a random sample without replacement from $C$ and let $Y_1, Y_2, \cdots, ...
1
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2
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221
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Beating the $1/\sqrt n$ rate of uniform-convergence over a linear function class
Let $P$ be a probability distribution on $\mathbb R^d \times \mathbb R$, and let $(x_1,y_1), \ldots, (x_n,y_n)$ be an iid sample of size $n$ from $P$. Fix $\epsilon,t\gt 0$. For any unit-vector $w \in ...
1
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0
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57
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Limiting value of expectation of trace of truncated Gram matrix
Let $n$ and $d$ be large positive integers such that $d/n = a \in (0,1)$, fixed. Let $x_1,\ldots,x_n$ be iid random vectors from $N(0,I_d)$. Fix $b \in (0,1]$ and a unit-vector $v \in \mathbb R^d$, ...
- 6,853
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1
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191
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Concentration inequality for square roots
Given a sequence of (not-necessarily-iid) real-valued random variables $X_n$ that converge to $a\in\mathbb{R}$ in probability, suppose we have an exponential concentration inequality of the form
$$
P(|...
- 128k
2
votes
1
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150
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Normalized concentration inequality for empirical CDF (iid sum)
Consider the empirical and population CDF,
$$
F_n(t) = \frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^n 1\{X_i \leq t\} \quad \mbox{and} \quad
F(t) = \mathbb{E} [F_n(t)],
$$
where above $X_1, \dots, X_n$ are iid, real-...
CommunityBot
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votes
1
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110
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Positivity of linear combination of gaussian variables
Consider a collection of independent standard Gaussian variables $w_i$ for $i = 1, 2, \ldots, N$. Define its linear combination $f:=\sum_{i=1}^Na_iw_i+b_i$, where $a_i=pb_i$ ($p$ is a fixed parameter),...
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2
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331
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Anti-concentration of gaussian variable
Let $X$ be $\mathcal{N}(\mu,\sigma^2)$ gaussian. Its expectation $\mu$ is positive. Can we derive a lower bound on
$$\mathbb{P}(X\geq\epsilon)\geq g(\epsilon,\mu,\sigma) \text{ where } \epsilon\leq\mu$...
- 128k
2
votes
1
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462
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Converse of the Herbst argument?
Background
For a real-valued random variable $X$, define its entropy by $H(X) = E[\phi(X)] - \phi(E[X])$, where $\phi(u) = u \log u$.
It can be shown that, if the entropy satisfies the bound
$$
H(e^{\...
- 163
2
votes
2
answers
228
views
Minimal conditions on random vector $X \in R^n$ to ensure that $\lim_{t\to 0^+}\sup_{\|w\|_p = 1}\sup_{u \in \mathbb R}\mathbb P(|X'w-u| \le t)=0$
Let $X$ be a random variable on $\mathbb R^n$ and let $S_p^n := \{w \in \mathbb R^n \mid \|w\|_p = 1\}$ be the unit-sphere w.r.t to the $\ell_p$-norm in $\mathbb R^n$. We will be particularly ...
- 5,474
2
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1
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304
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An approximation problem w.r.t marginal distribution of coordinates of uniform random vector on high-dimensional unit-sphere
Let $X=(X_1,\ldots,X_d)$ be uniformly distributed on the sphere of radius $\sqrt{d}$ in $\mathbb R^d$. Fix a "sufficiently integrable" function $h:\mathbb R \to \mathbb R$, and define ...
CommunityBot
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1
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229
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Gaussian width of intersection of cube and ball in high-dimensional euclidean space
Let $d$ be a large positive integer and fix $r \ge 0$. Set $S := B_2^n \cap [-r,r]^d$, where $B_2^d$ is the euclidean unit-ball in $\mathbb R^d$. Finally, let $\omega(S)$ be the Gaussian width of $S$, ...
- 6,853
0
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1
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108
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On the invertibility of $Z^\top Z$, where $Z$ is a Random matrix with concentrated weakly correlated entries
Let $d$, $n$, and $m$ be large positive integers. Let $X=(x_1,\ldots,x_n) \in \mathbb R^{n \times d}$ be a random matrix iid rows from some distribition $P$ on $\mathbb R^d$ which admits a density. ...
- 1,724
2
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1
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936
views
Upper-bound for spectral norm of the covariance matrix of a certain Gaussian vector with correlated entries
Let $n$ and $m$ be large positive integers. Let $x=(x_1,\ldots,x_n)$ be a vector of independent random variables from $N(0,1)$. It is clear that the covariance matrix of $x$ is $I_n$, the identity ...
- 6,853
1
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1
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223
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Bound error in approximating $E_x [H(f(x))]$ with random $(1/n) \sum_{i=1}^n \Phi(f(x_i)/h)$ where $H$ is Heaviside function and $\Phi$ is normal CDF
Let $f:\mathbb R^d \to \mathbb R$ be a "sufficiently smooth" function. For simplicity, we may consider $f$ to be an affine function, i.e $f(x) \equiv b-x^\top w$, for some $(w,b) \in \mathbb ...
- 6,853
0
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0
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195
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Upper-bound for bracketing number in terms of VC-dimension
Let $P$ be a probability distribution on a measurable space $\mathcal X$ (e.g;, some euclidean $\mathbb R^m$) and let $F$ be a class of funciton $f:\mathcal X \to \mathbb R$. Given, $f_1,f_2 \in F$, ...
- 6,853
2
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0
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386
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What is the concentration of measure for Gaussian random variables which are independent, but are transformed?
This might be a too easy question for Mathoverflow, but Googling led to similar questions and answers here (though not the one I was looking for).
The question is split into two:
I have a matrix $X \...
- 18.7k
4
votes
1
answer
239
views
Uniform inequality of the form $\text{Proba}(\sup_{v \in [-M,M]^k}|p^Tv-\hat{p}_n^Tv| \le \epsilon_n) \ge 1 - \delta$
Let $M > 0$, $k$ be a positive integer, and $\mathcal V:=[-M,M]^k$. Finally, let $p \in \Delta_k$, (where $\Delta_k$ is the $(k-1)$-dimensional probability simplex) and let $\hat{p}_n$ be an ...
- 1
3
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0
answers
93
views
Explaning why the spectrum of a setting simple structure random matrix is always spiked ($d-1$ eigenvalues close to zero, and $1$ away from zero)
For concreteness, let $m=500$, $d=600$, $N=1000$. Let $W$ be and $d \times m$ matrix with unit-norm rows and let $u$ be a uni-norm vector of length $m$. Given a binary vector $b$ of length $m$, length ...
- 6,853
3
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2
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319
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Concentration inequality of joint event over time of a submartingale
Consider a discrete time submartingale $X_n$ with bounded difference $|X_n-X_{n-1}|\leq c$. With Azuma inequality we have the concentration of a single time event as
$$
P(X_t-X_0 \leq -t) \leq exp\...
- 14.2k
1
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1
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104
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Limiting value of $\dfrac{1_n^\top B^{-1} A B^{-1} 1_n}{d}$, where $A=WW^\top + a I_n$, $B = WW^\top + b I_n$, and $W \sim N(0,\Sigma_d)$
Let $n$ and $d$ be positive integers with
$$
n,d \to \infty, \quad n/d \to \rho \in (0,\infty).
$$
Let $\Sigma_d$ be a psd matrix such that
$\mbox{trace}(\Sigma_d) = 1$.
$\|\Sigma_d\|_{op} = \mathcal ...
- 1,724
2
votes
0
answers
51
views
Spectral approximation of $(XX^\top/d)\circ(X\Sigma_dX^\top/d)$ where $X$ is an $n \times d$ random matrix with iid rows from $N(0,\Sigma_d)$
Let $X \in \mathbb R^{n \times d}$ be a random matrix with iid rows from $N(0,\Sigma_d)$ where $\Sigma_d$ is a $d \times d$ psd matrix verifying w.h.p,
$\mbox{trace}(\Sigma_d/d)= 1$.
$\|\Sigma_d\|_{...
- 6,853
1
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1
answer
365
views
Lower-bound probability of non-centered quadratic form
Let $X\sim N(\mu,\sigma^2I)\in \mathbb{R}^n$ be a non-centered ($\mu\neq 0$) Gaussian vector with independent coordinates. I'm wondering if there is any sharp lower bound of the following probability:
...
CommunityBot
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0
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349
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Tail bounds for random Gaussian chaos?
Let $g = (g_1, \dots, g_d)$ be a sequence of independent standard Normal random variables, and suppose $\Sigma$ is a $d \times d$ (deterministic), real, symmetric, positive definite matrix. The Hanson-...
- 420
2
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1
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90
views
Asymptotics of $w^\top G^2 w$, where $w$ is a unit-vector, $G:=X^T(XX^T+t I_n)^{-1}X$, $t > 0$, and $X$ is an $n\times d$ gaussian random matrix
Let $X$ be an random $n \times d$ matrix with entries drawn iid from $N(0,1/d)$ and let $w$ be a unit-vector in $\mathbb R^d$. With $\lambda>0$, and define $G:=X^\top(XX^\top + \lambda I_n)^{-1}X$. ...
- 6,853
2
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1
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116
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A question on the applicability Chebyshev inequality for sequence of random quantities
Let $(X_n)_n$ and $(Y_n)_n$ be two mutually independent sequences of random tensors (i.e scalars, vectors, matrices, etc.) defined on the same probability space, and let $f$ be a measurable function.
...
- 1,769
1
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1
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475
views
Convergence of quadratic form $y^T Q y$ where $y$ is a random iid sequence of length $n$ and $Q$ is an $n \times n$ random matrix independent of $y$
For each positive integer, let $Q_n=(q_{i,j})_{i,j \in [n]}$ be a random $n \times n$ psd matrix. In the limit $n \to \infty$, suppose the eigenvalues of this sequence of matrices are uniformly ...
- 6,853
2
votes
1
answer
187
views
Compute the limit of trace of inverse of square of rank-1 perturbation of Wishart matrix
Let $a \ge 0$, $b,c>0$ be fixed constants, and let $X$ be an $m \times d$ random matrix with entries drawn iid from $N(0,1/d)$. Consider the random psd matrix $S := a 1_m 1_m^\top + b XX^\top + c ...
- 188k
4
votes
2
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175
views
Almost independence of $x^\top a$ and $x^\top b$ for $x$ uniform on the sphere in $\mathbb R^d$ and $a,b \in \mathbb R^d$ with $a^\top b = 0$
Let $d$ be a large positive integer. Let $x$ be uniformly distributed on the unit-sphere in $\mathbb R^d$ and let $a$ and $b$ be perpendicular vectors in $\mathbb R^d$, i.e such that $a^\top b=0$. Let ...
- 6,853
2
votes
0
answers
172
views
Asymptotic lower and upper bounds for the eigenvalues of hadamard product $W \circ W$, where $W$ is a large Wishart matrix
Let $n$ and $d$ be large positive integers with $n,d \to \infty$ such that $n/d \to \gamma \in (0,\infty)$. Let $X$ be a random $n \times d$ random matrix with iid copies of log-concave isotropic ...
- 6,853
1
vote
1
answer
144
views
Bounds for the extreme singular-values of random matrix with thresholded entries
Let $n,d,k$ be large positive integers such that $\max(n/d,k/d) =: \lambda < 1$. Let $X$ be a random $n \times d$ matrix with entries drawn iid from $N(0,1/d)$ and let $W$ be a $k \times d$ random ...
- 6,853
2
votes
1
answer
668
views
Lower-bound for smallest eigenvalue of random $k \times $k matrix $C(W)$ defined by $C(W)_{i,j} := 2(w_i^\top w_j)^2 + \|w_i\|^2\|w_j\|^2$
Let $k$ and $d$ be positive integers such that $d/k:=\lambda > 1$. Let $W$ be $k \times d$ random matrix with rows $w_1,\ldots,w_k \in \mathbb R^d$ drawn iid from $N(0,(1/d)I_d)$, and define the $k ...
- 6,853
1
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0
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68
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(Anti-)concentration of gap between largest and second largest component of multivariate random gaussian vector
Let $n$ be a large positive integer and let $Y=(Y_1,\ldots,Y_n)$ be a zero-centered random $n$-dmensional real vector with covariance matrix $\Sigma$, an $n$-by-$n$ positive definite matrix with ...
- 6,853
2
votes
2
answers
690
views
Concentration and anti-concentration of gap between largest and second largest value in Gaussian iid sample
Let $n \ge 3$ be an integer and let $X=(X_1,\ldots,X_n)$ be random vector with iid coordinates from $N(0,1)$. For $1 \le k \le n$, let $X_{(k)}$ be the value of the $k$th largest coordinate of $X$.
...
- 128k
1
vote
1
answer
261
views
Concentration inequality for a function whose parameter depends on input samples
Concentration inequalities can be used to establish results such as sample mean cannot be too far from the actual population mean, and so on. For example, let $X_1 \ldots X_n$ be i.i.d instances of a ...
- 14.2k
1
vote
1
answer
141
views
Central limit theorem for chi-squared random field on $\mathbb R^p$
Let $X:x \mapsto X(x)$ be a centered stationary Gaussian process on the $\Omega:=\mathbb R^p$, such that $X(x) \overset{d}{=}X(x')$ for all $x,x' \in \Omega$. Set $\sigma^2 := \mbox{Var}(X(0)) = \...
- 128k
3
votes
1
answer
88
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If $X \sim N(0,I_m)$, what is a necessary and sufficient condition on $u_m > 0$ such that $\lim\sup_{m\to \infty} P(\|X\|^2 \ge u_m|X_1|) = 1$
Let $m$ be a large positive integer and $X=(X_1,\ldots,X_m) \sim N(0,I_m)$. I wish to show that the squared norm of $X$ is much much bigger than the absolute value of any of the $X_j$'s. For example, ...
- 128k
2
votes
0
answers
68
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Approximate any point of the interval $[-1/2,1/2]$ by the sum of $n$ iid uniform random variables from $[-1,1]$
Let $x \in [-1/2,1/2]$ and $X_1,\ldots,X_n$ be drawn iid from the uniform distribution on $[-1,1]$.
Question. Given $\varepsilon \ge 0$ an integer $k \in [1,n]$, what is a good lower-bound on the ...
- 6,853
0
votes
1
answer
58
views
Good upper-bound for $\mathbb E_A[e^{-t\|A\|_2}]$, for $t\ge0$ and random m by n matrix with iid entries with law $N(0,1)$
Let $A$ be a random $m$-by-$n$ matrix with iid $N(0,1)$ entries, $m$ and $n$ large with $n/m \longrightarrow \alpha \in (0, 1)$ . Let $\|A\|_2$ be the largest singular value of $A$ (i.e the spectral ...
- 188k
3
votes
0
answers
307
views
Upper-bound for eigenvalues of $E [UU^T]$, where $U$ is uniformly distributed on the unit $n$-sphere
Let $X$ be a $\sigma$-subGaussian random vector on $\mathbb R^n$ (for large $n \ge 3$), meaning that the random variable $X^Tv$ is $\sigma$-subGaussian for every unit vector $v \in \mathbb R^n$. ...
CommunityBot
- 1
4
votes
0
answers
638
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Comparison of concentrations of different $L^p$-norms of (sub) Gaussian distributions
It's well-known that the Euclidean $2$-norm of subgaussian random vectors concentrates in high dimensions, e.g. when $X \sim \mathcal{N}(0,I_n),$ (or in general $X$ is subgaussian with independent co-...
- 1,467