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124
votes
Accepted
Global character of ABC/Szpiro inequalities
For concreteness, consider the $abc$-inequality with $\epsilon=1$, i.e. that there is some integer $K$ such that for all coprime integers $a,b,c$ with $a+b=c$, one has
$$abc\leq K \prod_{p|abc} p^6.$$ …
127
votes
Accepted
Czelakowski's claimed proof of the Twin Prime Conjecture
The error in the paper is in the proof of Theorem 7.2. The proof of Theorem 7.2 is immediately suspicious because of how vague it is in places and because of how lofty the expository text before and a …
101
votes
A number theory problem where pi appears surprisingly
Note that $a_k$ is always a multiple of $k$ (in particular, this structure disrupts the random model proposed in comments). We can exploit this structure to simplify the recurrence and clarify the dy …
106
votes
Accepted
Conceptual reason why the sign of a permutation is well-defined?
(This is a variant of Cartier's argument mentioned by Dan Ramras.)
Let $X$ be a finite set of size at least $2$. Let $E$ be the set of edges of the complete graph on $X$. The set $D$ of ways of dire …
141
votes
Is St. Petersburg a good place for the 2022 Int. Congress of Mathematicians
To answer the question in the title: "No."
And I would imagine that Ukrainian mathematicians would boycott any ICM held in Russia, in these times. So the question of whether Russia would honor their p …
109
votes
Why do we make such big deal about the 'unsolvability' of the quintic?
I think that a large part of the difficulty we have in understanding why this result is considered important is that it is psychologically difficult to put oneself into the shoes of mathematicians of …
104
votes
Accepted
How do pure mathematicians assess whether their research ambitions can be realistically achi...
Over decades, and across multiple research fields, I've noticed a way to predict I'm on track to make progress. I discover something interesting, only to learn it is already known.
As a student, this …
136
votes
Accepted
Why do we have two theorems when one implies the other?
Some mathematicians seem to agree with you, and strive only to state and prove the most general versions of their theorems. I've had co-authors express that view. And I've sometimes had referee report …
233
votes
Accepted
What makes dependent type theory more suitable than set theory for proof assistants?
I apologize for writing a lengthy answer, but I get the feeling the discussions about foundations for formalized mathematics are often hindered by lack of information.
I have used proof assistants for …
107
votes
Small ideas that became big
In a letter to Frobenius, Dedekind made the following curious observation: if we see the multiplication table of a finite group $G$ as a matrix (considering each element of the group as an abstract va …
137
votes
Suggestions for special lectures at next ICM
How about a lecture on proof assistants/formal proofs?
Most mathematicians are still skeptical of the value of proof assistants, and it's certainly true that proof assistants are still very difficult …
104
votes
Accepted
Should water at the scale of a cell feel more like tar?
There is a beautiful article (a write-up of a talk, actually), by E.M. Purcell, Life at low Reynolds number, that explains how bacteria swim.
Low Reynolds number is the technical way to phrase the sta …
149
votes
Accepted
Issue UPDATE: in graph theory, different definitions of edge crossing numbers - impact on ap...
$\DeclareMathOperator\cr{cr}\DeclareMathOperator\pcr{pcr}$For the pair crossing number $\pcr(G)$, the short answer is yes the crossing lemma holds for drawings on the sphere, but it is not known wheth …
347
votes
Accepted
What are the benefits of writing vector inner products as $\langle u, v\rangle$ as opposed t...
Mathematical notation in a given mathematical field $X$ is basically a correspondence
$$ \mathrm{Notation}: \{ \hbox{well-formed expressions}\} \to \{ \hbox{abstract objects in } X \}$$
between mathem …
148
votes
Short exact sequences every mathematician should know
There is one obvious sequence that underlies all vector analysis and a lot that builds up on it, no matter if its applied analysis, PDE, physics or the original foundations of algebraic topology. Yet …