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124 votes
Accepted

Global character of ABC/Szpiro inequalities

For concreteness, consider the $abc$-inequality with $\epsilon=1$, i.e. that there is some integer $K$ such that for all coprime integers $a,b,c$ with $a+b=c$, one has $$abc\leq K \prod_{p|abc} p^6.$$ …
Peter Scholze's user avatar
127 votes
Accepted

Czelakowski's claimed proof of the Twin Prime Conjecture

The error in the paper is in the proof of Theorem 7.2. The proof of Theorem 7.2 is immediately suspicious because of how vague it is in places and because of how lofty the expository text before and a …
James E Hanson's user avatar
101 votes

A number theory problem where pi appears surprisingly

Note that $a_k$ is always a multiple of $k$ (in particular, this structure disrupts the random model proposed in comments). We can exploit this structure to simplify the recurrence and clarify the dy …
Terry Tao's user avatar
  • 114k
106 votes
Accepted

Conceptual reason why the sign of a permutation is well-defined?

(This is a variant of Cartier's argument mentioned by Dan Ramras.) Let $X$ be a finite set of size at least $2$. Let $E$ be the set of edges of the complete graph on $X$. The set $D$ of ways of dire …
Bjorn Poonen's user avatar
  • 23.8k
141 votes

Is St. Petersburg a good place for the 2022 Int. Congress of Mathematicians

To answer the question in the title: "No." And I would imagine that Ukrainian mathematicians would boycott any ICM held in Russia, in these times. So the question of whether Russia would honor their p …
109 votes

Why do we make such big deal about the 'unsolvability' of the quintic?

I think that a large part of the difficulty we have in understanding why this result is considered important is that it is psychologically difficult to put oneself into the shoes of mathematicians of …
Timothy Chow's user avatar
  • 82.6k
104 votes
Accepted

How do pure mathematicians assess whether their research ambitions can be realistically achi...

Over decades, and across multiple research fields, I've noticed a way to predict I'm on track to make progress. I discover something interesting, only to learn it is already known. As a student, this …
136 votes
Accepted

Why do we have two theorems when one implies the other?

Some mathematicians seem to agree with you, and strive only to state and prove the most general versions of their theorems. I've had co-authors express that view. And I've sometimes had referee report …
233 votes
Accepted

What makes dependent type theory more suitable than set theory for proof assistants?

I apologize for writing a lengthy answer, but I get the feeling the discussions about foundations for formalized mathematics are often hindered by lack of information. I have used proof assistants for …
Andrej Bauer's user avatar
  • 48.8k
107 votes

Small ideas that became big

In a letter to Frobenius, Dedekind made the following curious observation: if we see the multiplication table of a finite group $G$ as a matrix (considering each element of the group as an abstract va …
137 votes

Suggestions for special lectures at next ICM

How about a lecture on proof assistants/formal proofs? Most mathematicians are still skeptical of the value of proof assistants, and it's certainly true that proof assistants are still very difficult …
104 votes
Accepted

Should water at the scale of a cell feel more like tar?

There is a beautiful article (a write-up of a talk, actually), by E.M. Purcell, Life at low Reynolds number, that explains how bacteria swim. Low Reynolds number is the technical way to phrase the sta …
Carlo Beenakker's user avatar
149 votes
Accepted

Issue UPDATE: in graph theory, different definitions of edge crossing numbers - impact on ap...

$\DeclareMathOperator\cr{cr}\DeclareMathOperator\pcr{pcr}$For the pair crossing number $\pcr(G)$, the short answer is yes the crossing lemma holds for drawings on the sphere, but it is not known wheth …
Claus's user avatar
  • 6,917
347 votes
Accepted

What are the benefits of writing vector inner products as $\langle u, v\rangle$ as opposed t...

Mathematical notation in a given mathematical field $X$ is basically a correspondence $$ \mathrm{Notation}: \{ \hbox{well-formed expressions}\} \to \{ \hbox{abstract objects in } X \}$$ between mathem …
148 votes

Short exact sequences every mathematician should know

There is one obvious sequence that underlies all vector analysis and a lot that builds up on it, no matter if its applied analysis, PDE, physics or the original foundations of algebraic topology. Yet …

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