All Questions
Tagged with reference-request nt.number-theory
1,409 questions
10
votes
1
answer
555
views
Sidon sets of $\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$
A set $S \subseteq \mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$ is called a Sidon set if given $a, b, c, d \in S$ and $a+ b = c+ d$, then $\{a, b\} = \{c,d\}$. I was interested in knowing about the largest possible Sidon ...
- 3,625
5
votes
2
answers
366
views
Existence of algebraic integers with certain properties
Is the following statement true?
($\star$) Given integers $n > k > 0$, there exists a monic polynomial of degree $n$ with integer coefficients and constant term $\pm 1$, irreducible over $\...
- 2,479
2
votes
0
answers
80
views
Set of integer non-negative matrices with positive diagonals
This is essentially a reference request/name inquiry. Is there a name for the set $M_k$ formed by $k$ by by $k$ matrices with non-negative integer entries and positive values on the diagonal? Related, ...
- 6,969
3
votes
1
answer
207
views
Partity of partitions with distinct parts of parts $>1$
This question is motivated by my earlier (unanswered) MO post.
The number of partitions into distinct parts is generated by $\sum_{n\geq0}Q(n)x^n=\prod_{k\geq1}(1+x^k)$. Focusing on parity of ...
- 43.2k
4
votes
1
answer
507
views
A weaker version of the Brocard's Conjecture
Brocard's conjecture states that: If $p_{k}$ and $p_{k+1}$ are consecutive prime numbers greater than $2$, then between $p_{k}²$ and $p_{k+1}²$ there are at least four prime numbers.
I know that is ...
- 1,197
7
votes
3
answers
708
views
Integer positive definite quadratic form as a sum of squares
Let $A$ be a symmetric $d\times d$ matrix with integer entries such that the quadratic form $Q(x)=\langle Ax,x\rangle, x\in \mathbb{R}^d$, is non-negative definite. For which $d$ does it imply that $Q$...
- 109k
3
votes
0
answers
119
views
Furtwängler's family of irreducible polynomials
In the question Examples of nice families of irreducible polynomials over Z, user trew mentions a family of irreducible polynomials over the integers of the following form:
$$ p(x) = x^4 \prod_{i=1}^{...
- 125
6
votes
0
answers
149
views
Dickson's conjecture for Beatty sequences
A particular case of Dickson's Conjecture states that for $a_1,q_1,a_2,q_2$ with $(a_1,q_1)=(a_2,q_2)=1$, there are infinitely many $n$ for which $q_1 n + a_1$ and $q_2 n+a_2$ are both prime, provided ...
- 1,990
12
votes
3
answers
1k
views
Chow Groups of varieties over number fields
I believe that there is a conjecture that for any smooth projective variety $X$ over a number field $K$, its Chow groups $CH^i(X)$ (or at least $CH^i(X)\otimes_{\mathbf Z} \mathbf Q$) are finitely ...
- 2,923
7
votes
0
answers
427
views
Is there a name for these kinds of polynomials?
I've come across the following polynomials in my research and I am wondering if they have a name or if there is very much known about them:
\begin{equation}
F_{\chi}(T) = \sum_{a = 1}^{n-1} \chi(a)T^a
...
- 707
5
votes
1
answer
386
views
Arthur's Simple Trace Formula
In Deligne–Kazhdan–Vigneras's "Représentations des groupes réductifs sur un corps local," they use the Simple Trace Formula to prove cases of the local Jacquet–Langlands correspondence ...
- 181
5
votes
2
answers
589
views
On Exercise 2.5.10 in Ram. M. Murty's book, "Problems in Analytic Number Theory."
I have just been told about this result, available as Exercise 2.5.10 in Ram. M. Murty's book, "Problems in Analytic Number Theory (2nd edition)". It says:
Let $\alpha>0$. Suppose $a_n \ll n^{\...
- 1,019
16
votes
4
answers
1k
views
Reference for a linear algebra result
I asked the following question (https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1487961/reference-for-every-finite-subgroup-of-operatornamegl-n-mathbbq-is-con) on math.stackexchange.com and received no ...
- 26.9k
16
votes
1
answer
4k
views
Order of magnitude of $\sum \frac{1}{\log{p}}$
Question: What is the order of magnitude of the following sum?
$$ \sum_{\substack{p<n\\\text{$p$ prime}}} \frac{1}{\log{p}} $$
Additional information: Since
$$ \sum_{\substack{p<n\\\text{...
- 3,004
2
votes
1
answer
76
views
Reference request: Given a non-degenerate integral quadratic lattice $L,q$ over a PID, the quotient $L^*/L$ is given by SNF of $q$
Let $R$ be a PID with field of fraction $K$.
Let $L$ be a lattice with non-degenerate quadratic form $q:L\times L \to R$.
Let
$$
L^* = \{x \in L\otimes K \text{ s.t. } q(x,l) \in R \text{ for all } l \...
- 887
15
votes
5
answers
2k
views
Zeros of the derivative of Riemann's $\xi$-function
The Riemann xi function $\xi(s)$ is defined as
$$
\xi(s)=\frac12 s(s-1)\pi^{-s/2}\Gamma(s/2)\zeta(s).
$$
It is an entire function whose zeros are precisely those of $\zeta(s)$.
Since $\xi$ is real ...
- 11.1k
13
votes
1
answer
3k
views
A good reference to the general Chinese Remainder Theorem
I am writing a paper on the topology of the Golomb space and need a good (standard) reference to the following
General Chinese Remainder Theorem. For integer numbers $a_1,\dots,a_n$ and positive ...
- 42k
3
votes
0
answers
219
views
On partial sums of the Ramanujan sums
Let $n$ be a positive integer and $c_{m}(n)$ denote the $m^{th}$ Ramanujan sum at $n$. What is the best known estimate for $\sum_{m=1}^{N} c_{m}(n)$?
- 31
4
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Reference request for Kato's paper: A generalization of local class field theory by using K -groups
I would like to ask for the paper of Kato: A generalization of local class field theory by using K -groups I, J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo Sec. IA 26 No.2, 1979, 303–376. I could not find it. Could anyone ...
- 91
4
votes
1
answer
127
views
Question about the notation $N_{\chi}(\alpha, T)$, the number of zeroes of the $L(s, \chi)$ in a rectangle
I am confused with what seems to be a standard notation in analytic number theory and I'd appreciate any clarification. I am interested in the zero density estimates, for example link.springer.com/...
- 3,625
8
votes
1
answer
408
views
Max order of an isogeny class of rational elliptic curves is 8?
I am looking for a reference for the proof of the following question following Theorem 5 in Mazur's Rational Isogenies of Prime Degree.
Theorem 5 There is a constant $C$ such that every elliptic ...
- 163
2
votes
0
answers
157
views
On hypergeometric functions over finite fields
Let $\mathbb{F}_q$ be a finite field of $q$ elements. Let $A,B,C,\cdots$ denote the multiplicative characters over $\mathbb{F}_q$, and let $\overline{A}$ denote the inverse of $A$, i.e., $A(x)\...
- 93
4
votes
0
answers
294
views
Modular forms on $\Gamma(N)$
I'm wondering where I can find a good reference about what is known about modular forms (especially cuspidal eigenforms) of full principal level $\Gamma(N)$, in terms of their Hecke theory, old/...
- 2,044
4
votes
1
answer
218
views
Diophantine equation for generating computably enumerable set
By Matiyasevich's theorem, each member of computably enumerable set can be obtain from a diophantine equation system. For prime numbers, this system of diophantine equation is found. My question is:
...
- 4,784
19
votes
0
answers
523
views
univariate integer version of Hilbert's 17th problem
Let $f(x)$ be a polynomial of degree $d$ with integer coefficients such that $f(x)\geqslant 0$ for all real $x$. Is it necessarily true that there exists an integer $N(d)$ such that $N(d)\cdot f$ is a ...
- 109k
7
votes
2
answers
330
views
When is Chevalley Warning's bound best possible?
Chevalley Warning's theorem (a form of) states that any homogeneous form over a finite field of degree $d$ in more than $d$ variables has a nontrivial zero in the field. However, for diagonal forms, ...
- 203
2
votes
0
answers
492
views
Examples of almost Dedekind domains that are not Dedekind
All I know about almost Dedekind domains (which I have come to learn about only recently) is that they are integral domains whose localization at every prime is a discrete valuation ring. In other ...
- 739
24
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Elementary congruences and L-functions
In a recent article, Emmanuel Lecouturier proves a generalization of the following surprising result: for a Mersenne prime $N = 2^p - 1 \ge 31$, the element
$$ S = \prod_{k=1}^{\frac{N-1}2} k^k $$
...
- 32.6k
0
votes
0
answers
171
views
Total sum of characters over partitions with distinct parts
In my earlier quest, we looked at $\chi_{\mu}^{\lambda}=$value of an irreducible character of the symmetric group $\frak{S}_n$, where $\mu$ and $\lambda$ are (unrestricted) partitions of $n$. Then, ...
- 43.2k
1
vote
0
answers
140
views
Alternative Mersenne numbers
Let $\ b\in\mathbb Z,\ $ and $\ |b|>1.\ $ Call
$$ M_b(n)\ :=\ \frac{b^n-1}{b-1} $$
to be $n$-th Mersenne number mod $b$. The necessary condition for $\ M_b(n)\ $ to be a prime is that $\ n\ $ is a ...
- 4,786
5
votes
2
answers
941
views
$B(\chi), L'(1,\chi)/L(1,\chi),\dotsc$
Let $\chi$ be a primitive Dirichlet character of modulus $q>1$. Write, as is customary, $B(\chi)$ for the constant in the expression
$$\frac{\Lambda'(s,\chi)}{\Lambda(s,\chi)} = B(\chi) + \sum_\rho ...
- 20.2k
5
votes
1
answer
355
views
Research work on $ax^n-by^m=1$
I am looking for results on the equation $$ax^n-by^m=1 \tag 1 $$ where $\gcd(m,n)=1$ and $a,b,n,m$ are constants.
I found literature for $ax^n-by^n=1$ (R. A. Mollin, D. T. Walker) but couldn't ...
7
votes
1
answer
465
views
A theorem by Harald Cramér?
In the paper “On the order of magnitude of the difference between consecutive prime numbers” by Harald Cramér there is the following statement:
Suppose $\{X_n\}_{n=2}^\infty$ is a sequence of ...
- 2,618
3
votes
3
answers
330
views
Reference request: probability that d numbers are coprime
The following theorem can be found in Hardy-Wright (Theorem 459), except that they state it only for $d=2$. Do you know of a reference where the proof of this general statement is written?
Theorem: ...
- 402
5
votes
1
answer
223
views
Intrinsic characterisation of a class of rings
This may be well known, but I was unable to find an answer browsing literature. Let us temporarily call a commutative (unital) ring $R$ an O-ring if there exists an integer $n \ge 1$, a local field of ...
- 6,224
8
votes
2
answers
354
views
Let $f \in \mathbb{Z}[x]$. Does $\bar{f}$ have as many roots in $\mathbb{F}_p$ as $f$ has in $\mathbb{C}$ for infinitely many primes $p$?
Let $f \in \mathbb{Z}[x]$ be a nonconstant polynomial. Consider $\bar{f} \in \mathbb{F}_p[x].$ Let $\rho_p$ be the number of distinct roots of $\bar{f}$ in $\mathbb{F}_p$, and let $\rho$ be the number ...
8
votes
0
answers
481
views
Formal degree of discrete series representations
Let $G$ be a locally compact unimodular group. A continuous irreducible unitary representation $\pi$ of $G$ is said to be a discrete series if its matrix coefficients (defined by $\xi^\pi_{v,w} : g \...
- 5,424
13
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Has it been proved that odd perfect numbers cannot be triangular?
(Note: This question has been cross-posted from MSE.)
Euclid and Euler proved that every even perfect number is of the form $m = \frac{{M_p}\left(M_p + 1\right)}{2}$ where $M_p = 2^p - 1$ is a prime ...
41
votes
2
answers
17k
views
Introductory text on Galois representations
Could someone please recommend a good introductory text on Galois representations? In particular, something that might help with reading Serre's "Abelian l-Adic Representations and Elliptic Curves" ...
4
votes
2
answers
840
views
Upper bound for the first Hardy-Littlewood conjecture
About the Hardy-Littlewood conjecture by Terence Tao:
Conjecture 2 (Prime tuples conjecture, quantitative form) Let ${k_0 \geq 1}$ be a fixed natural number, and let ${{\mathcal H}}$ be a fixed ...
- 2,576
4
votes
2
answers
707
views
Wanted: multiple primes in $(\frac{5n}6,n)$
With regards to my research (connecting character degrees' arithmetic structure with the corresponding group's structure), I find myself in the situation (when studying the symmetric group $S_n$) of ...
- 1,068
4
votes
1
answer
205
views
Multiplicative set of positive algebraic integers
Let $S$ be a set of algebraic integers such that:
$\mathbb{N}_{\ge 1} \subseteq S \subset \mathbb{R}_{\ge 1}$,
$\alpha, \beta \in S \Rightarrow \alpha \beta \in S$,
$\alpha, \beta \in S \Rightarrow ...
10
votes
3
answers
638
views
Last term of repeating continued fraction expansion
Once again, working with stable vector bundles on $\mathbb{P}^2$ I have run into a question that is really out of my area. (Thanks to everybody who helped out with my last question!)
Let $D>9$ be ...
- 5,857
4
votes
1
answer
291
views
Reference / Survey for finite field analog number theory
It is folklore that many number theoretic results on prime numbers have a simpler-to-prove finite field analog. For example, on the one hand, the proof of the Prime Number Theorem
$$\#\{\text{prime ...
- 43
2
votes
3
answers
281
views
Diophantine equation of a factorial type
I'm interested in nontrivial solutions of Diophantine equations of the type
$$a^2b^3 = \frac{c!}{(c-k)!} $$
For various values of k fixed, and of course $a,b,c \in \mathbb{Z^+}$
Does anyone have any ...
- 41
7
votes
3
answers
530
views
Lower bound for the fractional part of $(4/3)^n$
My son, who is 16, is doing some independent research. A lower bound depending on $n$ for $\left\{ \left( \frac{4}{3} \right)^n \right\}=\left( \frac{4}{3} \right)^n-\left\lfloor \left(\frac{4}{3} \...
- 5,450
0
votes
0
answers
96
views
A way to bound $\sum_{1 \leq n \leq X} \min ( \| \alpha n \|^{-1} , X/n)$?
Let $\alpha$ be a real number and $|| \cdot ||$ be the distance to
the nearest integer.
I want to find a non-trivial upper bound for
$$
\sum_{1 \leq n \leq X} \min ( || \alpha n ||^{-1} , X/n),
$$
...
- 3,625
5
votes
1
answer
351
views
Divisibility of certain polynomials
Consider the finite sums
$$F_n(q)=\sum_{k=1}^nq^{\binom{k}2}$$
with exponents the triangular numbers $\binom{k}2$. When $n$ is odd, it appears that $F_n(q)$ does not factorize over $\mathbb{Z}[q]$. On ...
- 43.2k
14
votes
0
answers
358
views
How do we deduce the Jacquet-Langlands correspondence from Fargues' two towers?
In trying to understand the geometric proof of the local-Langlands and Jacquet-Langlands correspondence which uses Fargues's two tower theorem, I am having trouble finding a nice source on this, and I ...
- 3,539
9
votes
0
answers
251
views
Exponential sums over integers with a fixed number of prime divisors
Are there bounds in the literature on sums of the form
$$\sum_{\omega(n)= k} e(\alpha n) \;\;\;\;\;\text{or}\;\;\;\;\; \sum_{\Omega(n)=k} e(\alpha n)$$
for $\alpha$ on minor arcs (i.e., not very close ...
- 20.2k