All Questions
Tagged with fundamental-group gr.group-theory
21 questions
62
votes
9
answers
9k
views
Fundamental groups of noncompact surfaces
I got fantastic answers to my previous question (about modern references for the fact that surfaces can be triangulated), so I thought I'd ask a related question. A basic fact about surface topology ...
- 44.8k
29
votes
4
answers
3k
views
Geometric interpretation of the lower central series for the fundamental group?
For any group $G$ we can form the lower central series of normal subgroups by taking $G_0 = G$, $G_1 = [G,G]$, $G_{i+1} = [G,G_i]$. We can check this gives a normal chain
$$G_0 \ge G_1 \ge ... \ge G_i ...
- 573
28
votes
2
answers
6k
views
What group is $\langle a,b \,| \, a^2=b^2 \rangle$?
In teaching my algebraic topology class, this group showed up as part of an easy fundamental group computation: $\langle a,b\mid a^2=b^2\rangle$. My first instinct was that this must be $\mathbb{Z}*\...
- 5,544
27
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Nonabelian topological fundamental group of a conjugate variety
Let $X$ be a pointed algebraic variety over the field of complex numbers $\mathbb{C}$.
Let $\pi_1^{\rm top}(X)$ and $\pi_1^{\mathrm{\acute{e}t}}(X)$ denote the topological and the étale fundamental ...
- 14.2k
18
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Fundamental group of punctured simply connected subset of $\mathbb{R}^2$
(This question is originally from Math.SE where it was suggested that I ask the question here)
Let $S$ be a simply connected subset of $\mathbb{R}^2$ and let $x$ be an interior point of $S$, meaning ...
- 2,889
14
votes
2
answers
1k
views
Are acyclic subcomplexes of finite contractible 2-complexes contractible?
Let $Y$ be a contractible finite simplicial 2-complex.
Let $X$ be an acyclic subcomplex of $Y$ (i.e. $X$ connected, $H_1(X)=0$, $H_2(X)=0$).
Is $X$ contractible? (Equivalently, is $\pi_1(X)$ trivial?)...
- 1,481
11
votes
1
answer
270
views
Example of three dimensional atoroidal Poincaré duality group with some pathology
I am looking for a 3-manifold which is closed, aspherical, orientable, and atoroidal. And additionally I want to see an example that does not admit a fixed-point-free action on a simplicial tree. As a ...
- 1,638
9
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Fundamental group of an hyperbolic $4$-manifold
Good afternoon everyone,
I have a very general question about hyperbolic manifolds and their fundamental groups in high dimension (at least $4$). If the theory of surfaces and $3$-manifolds provide ...
- 2,696
8
votes
2
answers
615
views
Are profinite groups of cardinality $|\mathbb{R}|$ determined by their finite quotients?
Question: Let $G,H$ be profinite groups of cardinality $|\mathbb{R}|$, with the same finite quotients (here I only consider quotients by normal, open subgroups). Then are $G$ and $H$ isomorphic?
...
- 2,834
7
votes
2
answers
430
views
Do surface groups embed into PSL_2 over a real quadratic integer ring?
$\DeclareMathOperator\PSL{PSL}$ Let $ \mathbb{Z} $ be the ring of integers and $ \mathbb{R} $ the field of real numbers. Let $ \Sigma_g $ be a surface of genus $ g \geq 2 $. Let $ \pi_1(\Sigma_g) $ be ...
- 4,081
6
votes
3
answers
494
views
Tutte polynomials of appropriate Cayley graphs
I was quite intrigued by Tutte polynomials in a recent talk I had been to. It was introduced as a polynomial associated to a undirected finite graph. For a graph $G=(V,E)$ we form the polynomial
$T_G(...
- 3,423
6
votes
3
answers
1k
views
$\pi_1$ Sequence of Topological Groups
Consider a connected topological group $G$ (not necessarily Lie). You have some maps $G\times G\to G$, such as projection to either summand, or multiplication $(g,h)\mapsto gh$. Now let's look at a ...
- 17.5k
6
votes
1
answer
237
views
Example similar to the Griffiths twin cone but with fundamental group that allows surjection onto $\mathbb Z$
The Griffiths twin cone is an example of a wedge sum of two contractible spaces being non-contractible. Namely, it is the wedge sum $\mathbb G=C\mathbb H\vee_p C\mathbb H$ of two coni over the ...
5
votes
2
answers
756
views
explicit linear representations of fundamental groups of surfaces
I am looking for an explicit representation of the fundamental group of a closed orientable surface of genus >1. I guess they should be abundant in degree 2. Did anyone see the explicit matrix ...
- 1,050
4
votes
2
answers
583
views
a question on rank of fundamental group
Assume $G$ be the fundamental group of a closed orientable hyperbolic 3-manifold. Let
$G_{1} = \langle a_{1},...,a_{k} \rangle$ be a free subgroup of $G$, and let $G_{2}=\langle a_{k+1} \rangle$ be a ...
- 841
3
votes
1
answer
346
views
Fundamental group of the grid on $\mathbb{R}^\mathbb{N}$
The grid on $\mathbb{R}^2$ is defined by the set of points such that at most one coordinate is not an integer. With this in mind, e endow $\mathbb{R}^\mathbb{N}$ with the product topology, where $\...
- 48.9k
3
votes
1
answer
206
views
Does the Hawaiian Earring Group embed into the permutation group of $\mathbb N$?
Recall that the Hawaiian earring group, $\mathbb G$, is the fundamental group of the Hawaiian Earing using the point at the origin. It can be understood more combinatorially as a subgroup of the ...
- 1,882
1
vote
1
answer
436
views
Find a simple closed curve in $S$ which represents a commutator in $\pi_1 S$
I am interested in the following problem : decide if a certain element of the fundamental group can be represented by a simple closed curve. The general case has already been asked and answered on MO (...
- 2,696
1
vote
1
answer
279
views
Ways to prove that $n$-component Brunnian link is nontrivial
The attached image shows a way to construct an $n$-component Brunnian link for any $n\geq 3$. That is, this link is not trivial, but deleting any of its components makes the new link trivial. The ...
- 214
1
vote
0
answers
60
views
Restricted wreath product as fundamental group of a space with coinciding Reidemeister and Nielsen numbers
I am studying a group $\mathbb{Z}_n \wr \mathbb{Z}^k$, where $\wr$ denotes the restricted wreath product:
$$
\mathbb{Z}_n \wr \mathbb{Z}^k = \bigoplus_{x\in\mathbb{Z}^k}(\mathbb{Z_n})_x\rtimes\mathbb{...
- 137
1
vote
1
answer
151
views
A formula for isotropy group $\pi_1(G_a)$
Let $G$ be a compact Lie group and $T$ be its maximal tours, and $a\in \mathfrak{g}^*$. and $G_a$ be the isotropy group of $G$ then $T\subset G_a$ and we know that $\pi_1(T)=\mathbb{Z}^n$. My ...
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