All Questions
Tagged with nt.number-theory ac.commutative-algebra
360 questions
6
votes
1
answer
328
views
Algebra with a certain abelian group as the multiplicative group
Let $A$ be an abelian group. Are there an algebra $\mathfrak{X}(A)$ s.t. the multiplication group is isomorphic to A ? i.e.
$$
\mathfrak{X}(A)^{\times} \simeq A.
$$
For example, for $A=\mathbb{Z}/4\...
- 479
2
votes
1
answer
216
views
A problem about an unramified prime in a Galois extension
I asked this question in MathStackExchange, but I didn't receive any answer.
Let $K/\mathbb{Q}$ be a Galois extension of degree $n$, and denote its ring of integers by $\mathcal{O}_K$. Let $\mathfrak{...
1
vote
0
answers
174
views
What are the irreps in this canonical action of $\operatorname{PGL}_2(F_q)$?
Consider the permutation action of $\operatorname{PGL}_2(\mathbb F_q)$ on $\mathbb P^1(\mathbb F_q)$ by fractional linear transformations. We can consider the associated (complex) representation of ...
- 7,746
3
votes
1
answer
195
views
Solutions to nonhomogeneous quadratic equation mod $N$
Is there any way to find non-trivial solutions to the equation $x^2 + y^2 - x \equiv 0 \mod{N}$? There are clearly several trivial solutions, for example $(x, y) = (0, 0), (1, 0), (2^{-1}, 2^{-1}), (2^...
- 1,703
7
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Expressing primes $p\equiv 1 \pmod 3$ in the form $p = x^2 + xy + y^2$
Fermat famously showed that the only primes $p$ of the form $x^2 + y^2$ are the primes such that $p \equiv 1 \mod{4}$. Furthermore, we now know “effective” versions of Fermat's theorem, i.e. given a ...
- 1,703
1
vote
0
answers
94
views
What would be the quotient groups $U_{\mathrm{gen}}/U_{\mathrm{gen}}^{(n)}$ and $U_{\mathrm{gen}}^{(n)}/U_{\mathrm{gen}}^{(n+1)}$?
Let $K \supseteq \mathbb{Q}_p$ be a $p$-adic field with ring of integer $O$ and maximal ideal $m$. Let $O^*$ be the group of units in $O$.
Consider the group of units $U^{(0)}=U=O^*$ and $U^{(n)}=1+m^...
- 930
9
votes
2
answers
815
views
Ideal norm in orders
Let $\overline{T}$ be a Dedekind ring such that $\overline{T}/\overline{I}$ is finite for every nonzero ideal $\overline{I}$ of $\overline{T}$. Let $T$ be a subring of $\overline{T}$ with the same ...
- 328
9
votes
1
answer
304
views
Formally etale algebras over fields of characteristic 0
I was wondering if anyone might have a non-trivial example of a formally etale algebra over a field of characteristic 0 which is not ind-etale (i.e. a union of etale extensions).
For some motivation, ...
- 113
1
vote
0
answers
90
views
Mod $N^2$ evaluation of a polynomial defined by first $N-1$ roots
Given a prime $N$ and integer $g$, where $g$ is able to generate the multiplicative subgroup $(\mathbb{Z}/N^2\mathbb{Z})^*$, I am interested in any results simplifying or evaluating $f\in (\mathbb{Z}/...
- 11
2
votes
0
answers
300
views
Elliptic curves: about a passage in J. Silverman's "Advanced topics of elliptic curves"
Reading the proof of the main theorem of complex multiplication for elliptic curves over number fields in J. Silverman's book "Advanced topics of elliptic curves" I got stuck at a passage ...
- 675
10
votes
0
answers
561
views
Toward a cyclotomic Riemann hypothesis
For an integer $n \ge 3$, consider the function $$u(n) = \frac{\sigma(n)}{n \log \log n}$$ with $\sigma$ the divisor function. Now consider the sequence (bounded below and decreasing) $$v_n = \sup_{m&...
5
votes
1
answer
223
views
Intrinsic characterisation of a class of rings
This may be well known, but I was unable to find an answer browsing literature. Let us temporarily call a commutative (unital) ring $R$ an O-ring if there exists an integer $n \ge 1$, a local field of ...
- 6,214
28
votes
1
answer
2k
views
SOS polynomials with integer coefficients
A well known theorem of Polya and Szego says that every non-negative univariate polynomial $p(x)$ can be expressed as the sum of exactly two squares: $p(x) = (f(x))^2 + (g(x))^2$ for some $f, g$. ...
- 1,703
1
vote
0
answers
53
views
On a structural decomposition of polynomials based on integral roots
Given an irreducible polynomial of structure $$f(x,y)=\sum_{\substack{i,j\in\{0,1,2\}\\i+j\leq3}}a_{i, j}x^iy^j\in\mathbb Z[x,y]$$ with $a_{2,1}a_{1,2}a_{1,1}a_{1,0}a_{0,1}a_{0,0}\neq0$ if $f(m,n)=0$ ...
- 1,826
6
votes
1
answer
262
views
Is there a finite extension with a non-trivial class group of any PID?
Let $R$ be a PID with infinitely many prime ideals. Does there always exist a finite extension $R\subset R'$ with $R'$ being a Dedekind domain with a non-trivial class group?
- 73
0
votes
1
answer
74
views
Small linear relations in unbalanced diophantine equations from primitive Pythagorean triples
$r$ is parameter. Pick coprime $m,n\in[r,2r]$ with $mn$ even. Consider the Linear Diophantine Equation $$a^4u+b^4v+c^2z=0$$ where $a=m^2-n^2$, $b=2mn$ and $c=m^2+n^2$.
Is it true that there are ...
- 1,826
2
votes
1
answer
381
views
Reduced complete Tate ring which is not uniform?
Recall that a topological ring $A$ is Tate if there is an open subring $A_0$ such that the induced topology on $A_0$ is t-adic for some $t \in A_0$ that becomes a unit in $A.$ One can, given a Tate ...
- 217
11
votes
1
answer
475
views
Greatest common divisor in $\mathbb{F}_p[T]$ with powers of linear polynomials
Let $n>1$ and $p$ be an odd prime with $p-1 \mid n-1$ such that $p^k - 1 \mid n-1$ does not hold for any $k>1$. Notice that, since $p-1 \mid n-1$, we have $T^p - T \mid T^n-T$ in $\mathbb{F}_p[T]...
- 63.1k
0
votes
0
answers
154
views
Determinant of a special matrix in characteristic $p$
Let $K$ be a field of characteristic $p > 0$. Choose $p^i$ numbers of elements $c_1,\ldots,c_{p^i} \in K$ and consider the determinant $D$ of the following matrix$\colon$
\begin{pmatrix}\label{...
- 563
3
votes
2
answers
338
views
Isomorphism between finite algebras over ${\Bbb Z}_p$
Let $\pi \colon R \twoheadrightarrow {\Bbb T}$ be a surjective ring homomorphism between finite algebras over ${\Bbb Z}_p$. Further, we suppose the following three conditions$\colon$
$R$ is a ...
- 563
3
votes
1
answer
136
views
Rank 1 valuations that are not discrete on finite transcendental extensions of the rationals
Suppose $K=\mathbb{Q}(X_1,\dots,X_n)$ is a purely transcendental extension of the rationals on finitely many indeterminates. Can anyone give an example of a rank $1$ valuation on $K$ that fails to be ...
- 19.6k
2
votes
0
answers
100
views
On a certain radical of the formal power series ring $K[[X_1,X_2,\ldots,X_{\infty}]]$
Let $K$ be a field of characteristic $p > 2$ and $A_{\infty} \colon= K[[X_1,X_2,\ldots,X_{\infty}]]$ be an infinitely-many-variable formal power series ring over $K$ (the symbol $X_{\infty}$ is to ...
- 563
7
votes
2
answers
505
views
A good reference to the Gauss result on the structure of the multiplicative group of a residue ring
I need a good reference (desirably some textbook in Number Theory) to the following known result, attributed to Gauss in Wikipedia.
Theorem (Gauss). Let $p$ be a prime number, $k\in\mathbb N$ and $\...
- 41.8k
2
votes
1
answer
161
views
How to classify solutions to the following equations?
I would like to classify the sets of integers $a_{1},...,a_{n}$ that satisfy the following two equations.
$$\sum_{k=1}^{n}a_{k}\equiv 0\mod 2$$
$$\sum_{i\neq j}a_{i}a_{j}=0$$
For example, if $n=3$, I ...
- 1,150
1
vote
1
answer
246
views
Positive integer solutions of linear equations under the constraint of Frobenius number
Let $a,b,c$ be three pairwise coprime positive integers, and $\Gamma=\langle a,b,c\rangle$ be the corresponding numerical semigroup. Consider the linear equations:
$n_1a=m_{12}b+m_{13}c$
$n_2b=m_{...
- 81
13
votes
0
answers
542
views
When does the product equal the sum?
Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity and $R^n$ be the direct sum of $R$. Find all $a_1, a_2, \cdots, a_n \in R$ such that $$a_1 + a_2 + \cdots + a_n = a_1a_2\cdots a_n,$$
or, in other words, if ...
- 1,549
4
votes
2
answers
367
views
Equality in $\mathbb F_q\left(\left(\frac1T\right)\right)$
Can one characterize the $a\in\mathbb F_q\left(\left(\frac1T\right)\right)$ such that $a(T+1)=a(T)$? Although this seems elementary, I did not manage to find a answer.
Thanks in advance for any help.
- 3,998
0
votes
1
answer
495
views
Roots of unity, in the completion of the ring of integers of a number field, at a prime ideal
Let $p \in \mathbb{Z}$ be a prime and consider the number field $k = \mathbb{Q}[x]/(x^{(p^2 -1)/2} - p)$. We shall denote by $O_k$ the ring of integers of $k$. Let $\beta \in O_k$ be such that $\beta^{...
- 727
0
votes
1
answer
296
views
Multiplicative monoid of ring modulo units
Let $M = \mathbb{Z}[\phi] \setminus \{0\}$ be the multiplicative monoid of the ring $\mathbb{Z}[\phi]$ with $\phi = \frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}$ the golden ratio.
We define the equivalence relationship $x\...
- 943
7
votes
2
answers
610
views
Zermelo's proof for unique factorisation
In Peter Bundschuh's "Einführung in die Zahlentheorie" I came across a possibly well-known but to me rather peculiar proof of unique factorisation, which is attributed to Ernst Zermelo. The proof ...
- 6,214
0
votes
0
answers
118
views
Multiplicity of a polynomial in positive characteristic
Let $\mathbb K$ be a field of characteristic $p>0$.
Let $f\in\mathbb K[x_1,\dots,x_n]$ be a multivariate polynomial and let $q\in\mathbb K^n$. Is there a computational method to determine the ...
- 351
1
vote
1
answer
224
views
Power series ring $\Theta[[X_1,\ldots,X_d]]$ and prime ideals
Let $\Theta$ be a domain. We shall choose $d$ elements $\theta_1,\ldots,\theta_d \in \Theta$ such that any chosen $j$ elements $\theta_{i_1},\ldots,\theta_{i_j}$ form a prime ideal $(\theta_{i_1},\...
- 563
2
votes
1
answer
745
views
Motivation to study the order theory (ring theory)
I'm currently reading a paper of Georges Gras on the Reflection Principle.
The paper uses some theorems about orders (ring theory) from the book "Maximal Orders" by Reiner. I find the book interesting,...
- 1,013
1
vote
1
answer
127
views
Monomials in products in power series ring on several variables
Let $A \colon= K[[X_1,\ldots,X_m,Y_1,\ldots,Y_n]]$ be a power series ring over a field $K$ in $m + n$ variables and ${\frak m}$ be the unique maximal ideal of $A$.
For arbitrary two elements $\alpha = ...
- 563
3
votes
0
answers
78
views
Polynomial equations parametrized by binary forms
Consider the equation
$$\displaystyle Ax^p + By^q = Cz^r, A,B,C \in \mathbb{Z}, \gcd(x,y,z) = 1, p,q,r \geq 2.$$
When $p^{-1} + q^{-1} + r^{-1} > 1$, the above equation is called spherical and ...
- 26.9k
0
votes
0
answers
287
views
On the product in the power series ring
Let $A_n \colon= K[[X_1,\ldots,X_n,Y_1,\ldots,Y_n]]$ be a power series ring over a field $K$ in $2n$ variables and ${\frak m}_{A_n}$ be the unique maximal ideal of $A_n$.
Suppose we have two ...
- 563
0
votes
1
answer
178
views
Ideal in ring of power series
Let $K$ be a field of characteristic $p$ and $A_n \colon= K[[X_1,\ldots,X_n]]$ be a $n$-variable formal power series ring over $K$ such that $n, p \geq 3$.
Consider the ideal $I$ defined by
\begin{...
- 563
1
vote
0
answers
295
views
Proper ideals are invertible
I am reading through Cox's book Primes of the form $x^2+ny^2$ and I am stuck with some proofs in Chapter 7 (I have the 2nd edition). There, the author presents the following Lemma:
Lemma 7.5: Let $...
- 545
2
votes
0
answers
93
views
The prime spectrume of integral-valued polynomial ring
Let $ D $ be an integral domain with quotiont field $K $ and let $Int (D) $be the set of all integral-valued polynomials on $D $, that is, $ Int (D):=\{f \in K[x]\mid f (D) \subseteq D\} $. The ...
- 21
3
votes
0
answers
222
views
Mod p reduction of geometrically irreducible polynomials
Let $f\in \mathbb Z[t,x]$ be a polynomial of positive degree that is irreducible over $\overline{\mathbb Q}[t,x]$. Is it true that for all but finitely many primes $p$ the reduced polynomial $f_p\in \...
- 101
0
votes
1
answer
149
views
Power series rings and the formal generic fibre
Let $S = K[[S_1,\ldots,S_n]]$ and consider $d$ elements
\begin{equation*}
f_1,\ldots,f_d \in S[[X_1,\ldots,X_d]]
\end{equation*}
and the prime ideal ${\frak P} \colon\!= (f_1,\ldots,f_d)$ generated ...
- 563
2
votes
1
answer
251
views
Étale fibration for $K[[X_1,...,X_n]]$
Let us consider a formal power series ring $A_n \colon= K[[X_1,\ldots,X_n]]$ with $0 \ll n < \infty$ and we shall consider a prime ideal ${\frak P}$ of $A_n$ such that $1 < {\mathrm{ht}}({\frak ...
- 563
1
vote
1
answer
934
views
Bound on number of proper ideals of norm equal to n
I have read in the paper by Einsiedler, Lindenstrauss, Michel and Venkatesh on Duke's Theorem the following bound that I don't understand:
Let $d$ be a positive non-square interger and set let $K = \...
- 429
1
vote
0
answers
310
views
Primes of the power series rings
Let $A_n \colon= K[[X_1,\ldots,X_n]]$ be a $n$-variable formal power series ring. By setting $X_n \mapsto 0$, we obtain a natural surjection
\begin{equation*}
\psi_{n,n-1} \colon A_n \...
- 563
4
votes
1
answer
798
views
Is the integral closure of a valuation ring in a finite separable extension of its fraction field étale?
Let $K$ be a field endowed with a rank (height) one valuation with completion $\hat{K}$, which is not discrete. Let $R$ be the valuation ring of $K$.
Let $L \subset \hat{K}$ be a separable finite ...
- 41
6
votes
1
answer
821
views
Does there exist a discrete valuation subring $R$ of $K((t))$ ($K$ a number field) of residue characteristic $p$ with $\mathrm{Frac}(R) = K((t))$?
Let $K$ be a number field, and let $K((t))$ be the field of formal Laurent series. Let $p > 0$ be a prime.
I have two questions:
Does there exist a discrete valuation subring $R$ of $K((t))$ of ...
- 10.7k
28
votes
2
answers
2k
views
A sum involving roots of unity
Let $n$ be a positive integer and $\zeta$ be a primitive $n$th root of unity. It is not hard to show that
\begin{align*}
\sum_{k=1}^{n-1}\frac{\zeta^k}{1-\zeta^k}=\frac{1-n}{2}.
\end{align*}
Since $\...
- 2,183
10
votes
1
answer
595
views
Perfectly balanced sets of complex numbers
Suppose that $X$ is an inclusion-minimal finite set of non-zero complex numbers
such that $\sum\limits_{x\in X}x^n=0\ $ for infinitely many integers $n$.
Can the cardinality of $X$ be a composite ...
- 3,932
4
votes
2
answers
490
views
Krull dimension of completions in non-noetherian setting (especially completed perfections)
What are some general results describing the Krull dimension of the completion of a non-Noetherian ring with a "nice" topology?
An example of the sort of "nice" topological ring I'm looking for is a ...
- 3,058
11
votes
1
answer
284
views
Does every section of the map Gal$(\overline{k(\!(t)\!)}/k(\!(t)\!))\rightarrow$ Gal$(\overline{k}/k)$ stabilize a compatible system of roots of $t$?
There may be some technical issues with the question, but hopefully what I mean is clear...
Let $k$ be a number field (or maybe any finitely generated field over $\mathbb{Q}$ of characteristic 0)
...
- 7,527