All Questions
175 questions
23
votes
1
answer
1k
views
Does a theory of stochastic differential algebras exist?
My question is motivated primarily by finance, where a non-technical student will learn how to approach SDEs using the symbolic manipulation of Itô calculus and the few basic rules of Brownian motion, ...
- 231
11
votes
1
answer
498
views
Does Brownian motion immediately visit both sides of a Jordan curve?
Let $C$ be a Jordan curve in $\mathbb{R}^2$. By the Jordan curve theorem, $\mathbb{R}^2 \smallsetminus C$ is uniquely partitioned into two connected regions $A$ and $B$ (the interior and exterior).
...
- 113
8
votes
2
answers
3k
views
Intuition/elegant reason for why Langevin diffusion converges to $\exp(-U)$?
Given a potential function $U: \mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}$, Langevin diffusion is gradient descent plus a Brownian motion term: $X' = -\nabla U(X) + \sqrt{2} \text{ }dW$.
It happens that the ...
- 1,927
8
votes
1
answer
2k
views
total variation distance between two solutions of SDE
Suppose we have two stochastic differential equations with the same initial conditions:
$$d X_t^1= b_1(t,X_t^1)dt + dW_t$$
$$d X_t^2= b_2(t,X_t^2)dt + dW_t,$$
$X_0^1=X_0^2=x_0$; $W_\cdot$ is a ...
- 931
7
votes
1
answer
4k
views
Change of time variable in Wiener process
I'm following a solution of an SDE from here
http://www.math.ethz.ch/~delbaen/ftp/preprints/CEV.pdf
Start with the SDE
$$
dX_t = \delta dt + 2\sqrt{X_t} dW_t
$$
consider a deterministic time change
$...
- 173
7
votes
2
answers
613
views
Fractional Brownian motion of Riemann-Liouville type is not a semimartingale
Given a filtered probability space $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},\mathbb{F},\mathbb{P})$ satisfying the usual conditions, $B$ a standard one-dimensional Brownian motion and $H\in(0,1/2)$. Consider the process $...
- 199
7
votes
1
answer
249
views
Onsager-Machlup functional when drift is time-dependent
Let $X(t)$ be a diffusion process on $\mathbb{R}^d$ generated by
\begin{align}
\mathcal{D} = \nabla^2 + \sum_{i=1}^d b_i(x) \frac{\partial}{\partial x_i},
\end{align}
where $b_i(x) \in \mathcal{C}_b^2(...
- 203
6
votes
2
answers
747
views
Does there exist a stochastic time derivative?
The Setup
Suppose I have a stochastic process $f(Z_t)$ where $Z_t$ solve the $d$-dimensional SDE
$$
dZ_t = \mu(t,Z_t)dt + \sigma(t,Z_t)dW_t
$$
and $f$ is a smooth function.
My Question
Is there a ...
- 5,405
6
votes
1
answer
392
views
Does $E^{x,t}(f(X_T))$ solve a PDE if $f$ is not continuous?
Many books [see below for references] explore the connections between partial differential equations and expectation values.
Assume $X$ is a diffusion with generator $A$, then they conclude, that ...
- 237
6
votes
1
answer
547
views
Diffusion processes with different diffusion coefficients and absolute continuity
I would first of all like to say that I am an analyst, and so I am familiar with probabilistic methods only on a basic level.
My initial situation is the following. Consider two stochastic ...
- 61
6
votes
1
answer
684
views
Differentiable dependence on the initial condition of the solution of a SDE
Let
$b,\sigma:\mathbb R\to\mathbb R$ be differentiable and Lipschitz continuous
$(\Omega,\mathcal A,\operatorname P)$ be a probability space
$(\mathcal F_t)_{t\ge0}$ be a complete and right-...
- 167
6
votes
0
answers
88
views
Error estimates for projection onto the Wiener chaos expansion for stochastic Sobolev spaces (stochastic Rellich–Kondrachov theorem)
Let $n$ be a positive integer, $s\in \mathbb{R}$, $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},(\mathcal{F}_t)_{t\ge 0},\mathbb{P})$ be a filtered probability space whose filtration supports and is generated by an $n$-...
- 5,405
5
votes
2
answers
919
views
Analytic Solution to SDEs
Are there any example of SDEs with constant diffusion terms, other than the Ornstein Uhlenbeck process, which have exact solutions? I'm thinking of something of the form:
\begin{equation}
dX_t = f(...
- 379
5
votes
2
answers
311
views
A comparison of diffusions
Consider two diffusions given by
$$X_j(t)=\int_0^t a_j(s,X_j(s))\,dW_s$$
for $j=1,2$ and $t\ge 0$, where $W_\cdot$ is a standard Wiener process/Brownian motion and the $a_j$'s are smooth enough ...
- 128k
5
votes
2
answers
369
views
Markov process on a torus with prescribed invariant distribution
In Euclidean space, $\mathbb R^d$, the Langevin diffusion $${\rm d}X_t=b(X_t){\rm d}t+\sigma(X_t){\rm d}W_t\tag1,$$ where $\sigma:\mathbb R^d\to\mathbb R^{d\times k}$, $$b:=\frac{\Sigma+U}2\nabla\ln p+...
- 167
5
votes
1
answer
392
views
Uniqueness of the solution to some SDE
Consider the stochastic differential equation as follows:
$$X_t=X_0+t+\int_0^t\frac{dW_s}{1+m(s)},\quad \forall t\ge 0,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(\ast)$$
where $X_0>0$ is square integrable and $m(t)=\mathbb P[...
- 1,334
5
votes
1
answer
828
views
Transition semigroup of Ito diffusion on $L^2(\mathbb{R})$
I am considering the transition semigroup $P_t$ associated with the Ito diffusion process
$$dX_t=b(X_t)dt+\sigma(X_t)dB_t,$$
where the coefficients are assumed to be Lipschitz continuous.
I hope to ...
- 503
5
votes
1
answer
336
views
Joint distribution of drawdown time and value of geometric Brownian motion
Let $X$ be a geometric Brownian motion, satisfying the SDE
$$dX_t = \sigma X_t \, dW_t, X_0 = 1.$$
for $W$ a standard one dimensional Brownian motion, and $\sigma > 0$ a constant.
Define the ...
- 6,205
5
votes
1
answer
820
views
Onsager-Machlup function and most probable path of a diffusion process
Let $X_{t}$ be a real, one-dimensional diffusion process satisfying the stochastic differential equation
\begin{equation}
dX_{t} = f(X_{t})dt + dW_{t},
\end{equation}
where $f \in C_{b}^{2}(R)$ is a ...
- 83
5
votes
1
answer
531
views
Riemannian metric induced by a stochastic differential equation
Following this paper, a diffusion process in $\mathcal{R}^d$
$$dX_t = f(X_t) \, dt + \sigma(X_t) \, dW_t ,$$
with $\sigma(x) \in \mathbb{R}^{d \times m}$ and $m$ dimensional Brownian motion can be ...
4
votes
1
answer
509
views
Conditional stochastic integration
Let's say we have two functions $h(s)$ and $g(s)$. We can easily simulate a stochastic integral, e.g.
$$t \mapsto \int_0^t h(s) dB(s) \sim \mathcal{N}\bigg(0, \int_0^t h(s)^2 ds \bigg). $$
What is the ...
4
votes
1
answer
302
views
Almost sure stability of a scalar, nonautonomous, nonlinear SDE
I asked this problem on MSE some while ago, but it has stubbornly resisted any attempts at solving it.
Maybe there is someone here who can either close the gap in one of the existing answers or has ...
- 1,675
4
votes
1
answer
181
views
Conditions for the SDE be transitive
This question was previously posted on MSE.
Let $f:\mathbb R^3 \to \mathbb R^3$ be a smooth Lipschitz function (bounded if needed), and $W_t$ a $3$-dimentional Brownian motion. Consider the SDE on $\...
- 333
4
votes
1
answer
322
views
Asymptotic form of pdf of Escape Time of arithmetic fBm
I am trying to apply the Girsanov formula and Doobs optional sampling theorem to obtain an asymptotic form of first passage density of an fbm process with drift, but the answer i am getting seems ...
- 281
4
votes
1
answer
463
views
Variance and expectation of timed-change squared Bessel process
Let $X_t$ be a squared Bessel process satisfying the SDE:
$$
dX_t=\left(1-\frac{\beta}{(1-\beta)(1-\rho^2)} \right) dt +2\sqrt{X_t}dW^{(1)}_t
$$
and $v_t=v_0e^{-\alpha^2 t/2+\alpha W^{(2)}_t}$ be a ...
- 323
4
votes
1
answer
388
views
Hitting time of an Ornstein-Ulhenbeck process
If we consider a nice Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process
$d x (t) = - \gamma x(t) \,dt + \sigma \,d w (t)$
with $x(0) = x_0 \in (-L,L)$.
Here $\gamma, \sigma$ are positive constants and $w(t)$ is a Wiener ...
- 375
4
votes
1
answer
218
views
Schauder basis of the Hardy space of semi-martingales
Fix $p\in [1,2]$, a filtered probability space $(\Omega,\mathcal{F},(\mathcal{F}_t)_t,\mathbb{P})$, and let $\mathcal{H}_{\mathscr{S}}^p$ denote the space of semimartingales $X$ such that the norm
$$
\...
- 195
4
votes
1
answer
190
views
Probability that a drifted Gaussian process does not hit zero
Let $m: \mathbb R_+\to [0,1]$ be continuous and decreasing. Consider
$$X_t=1+bt+\int_0^t\frac{\sigma}{1+m(s)}dW_s,\quad \forall t\ge 0,$$
where $b, \sigma>0$ are given and $(W_t)_{t\ge 0}$ is a ...
user128095
4
votes
1
answer
262
views
Bounded density for diffusions with diffusion coefficients bounded away from $0$
Consider a diffusion given by
$$X_t=\int_0^t a(s,X_s)\,dW_s$$
for $t\ge 0$, where $W_\cdot$ is a standard Wiener process/Brownian motion and $a$ is a smooth enough positive function bounded away from $...
- 128k
4
votes
1
answer
405
views
Limit of first passage time
I have a conjecture that seems rather obvious but the proof seems elusive.
Consider a diffusion given by,
$dX_t = \mu(X_t) dt + \sigma(X_t) db_t$
where $b_t$ is a standard Brownian motion.
$\mu,\...
- 553
4
votes
0
answers
167
views
Occupation time of SDE
Let $b:\mathbb{R}^d\to\mathbb{R}^d$ be locally Lipschitz and assume that, for any $x\in\mathbb{R}^d$ and any $f\in C^{\infty}([0,1],\mathbb{R}^d)$, the equation
$$
X_t^{x,f}=x+\int_0^t b(X_s^{x,f})\,...
- 93
4
votes
0
answers
414
views
Definition of the Stratonovich integral in Hilbert spaces
Let
$T>0$
$(\Omega,\mathcal A,\operatorname P)$ be a probability space
$\mathcal F=(\mathcal F_t)_{t\in[0,\:T]}$ be a filtration on $(\Omega,\mathcal A,\operatorname P)$
$B$ be a (standard, real-...
- 167
3
votes
2
answers
490
views
SDE driven by fractional Brownian motion
Let $B^H$ be a fraction Brownian motion of Hurst parameter $H$. Consider the SDE driven by $B^H$ as below:
$$dX_t = b(t,X_t)dt + a(t,X_t)dB^H_t,\quad \forall t\ge 0.$$
I am looking for references that ...
- 1,334
3
votes
2
answers
380
views
Large deviation bound for O-U process
Assume $X_t$ is an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process in the form of
$$
d X_t = -\alpha X_t dt + \sigma dB_t
$$
Is there an exponential bound (large-deviation bound) for
$$
P\left(
\max_{t\le T} |X_t| \ge z
\...
- 719
3
votes
1
answer
105
views
Density for Translated Process
Let $M$ be a (compact) Riemannian manifold. Let $v$ be a smooth vector field on $M$ with flow $\Theta_t$. Let $L$ be an elliptic second order differential operator on $M$ that generates the Ito ...
- 9,853
3
votes
1
answer
83
views
Filtering Mixed Discrete and Continous
Suppose I have signal process $\lambda_t$ following the dynamics
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
\zeta_t&=\mu^{\zeta}(t,{\zeta}_t)dt+\sigma^{\zeta}(t,{\zeta}_t)dW^{\zeta}_t\\
\xi_t&=\mu^{\xi}(...
- 5,405
3
votes
2
answers
339
views
Stability results for general linear stochastic ODE
I am interested in the following time-invariant multivariate SDE:
\begin{equation}
dx_i = \sum_{j} a_{ij} x_j\,dt + \sum_{j,k} b_{ijk} x_k \, dW_j
\end{equation}
Despite its simplicity the general ...
- 194
3
votes
1
answer
234
views
Kac-Rice formula and Borell-TIS inequalities for gradient-flow of centered gaussian random field
Let $x\mapsto g(x)$ be a centered gaussian random field on $\mathbb R^m$. Let $x_0 \in \mathbb R^n$, and (assuming regularity conditions) consider the gradient-flow
$$
\dot{x}(t) = -\nabla g(x(t)), \;...
- 6,853
3
votes
2
answers
922
views
On representing a continuous time Markov chain by a stochastic integral of a Poisson random measure
Let $Q=(q_{ij})$ be the transition rate matrix of a continuous time Markov chain $\{ X_t \}$ with countable state space $M$. Let $q_i = -q_{ii}=\sum_{j \neq i}q_{ij}$, and let $\Gamma_{ij}$ be defined ...
- 31
3
votes
1
answer
2k
views
On a reflecting Brownian motion and its boundary local time
I have a question about a reflecting Brownian motion and its boundary local time.
Bass and Hsu studied the existence of Reflecting Brownian motion and boundary local time on a bounded Lipschitz ...
- 721
3
votes
1
answer
159
views
Differentiability of a simple value function driven by a diffusion
Consider a diffusion given by,
$d X_t = \mu(X_t) dt + \sigma(X_t) dB_t$
$X_0 = x$.
Suppose the functions $\mu$ and $\sigma$ are as follows -
$f(x) = \mu(x) = \sigma(x) = \begin{cases} 2 & \...
- 553
3
votes
1
answer
211
views
Statistically stationary properties of expectations conditioned on the value of an Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process
Consider the modified Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process
$$\mathop{dx_t}=\theta(y_t-x_t)\, dt+{}\sigma\,dW_t$$
for a standard Brownian motion $W_t$ and $\theta,\sigma\in\mathbb{R}_{>0}$. Let's define the ...
- 41
3
votes
1
answer
202
views
Onsager--Machlup functional as the density across a mesh of discrete points
It is known that the ratio of the probability of infinitesimal tubes around paths of Itō diffusion processes converges to the Onsager--Machlup (OM) functional. I wonder whether the ratio of the joint ...
3
votes
1
answer
107
views
Two approaches two SPDEs not equivalent?
I have arrived at needing SPDEs and encountered a strange thing. In the literature, two approaches are mentioned: One where the equation is thought of as an SDE in an infinite dimensional space; an ...
- 183
3
votes
1
answer
121
views
Hölder continuity for discrete time process
Let $(X_n)_{n\in\mathbb N}$ be a discrete time stochastic process taking values in a Banach space $E.$ Suppose there exist constants $C,\alpha,\beta>0$ such that $\mathbb E\|X_n-X_m\|^\alpha\leq C|...
- 1,879
3
votes
1
answer
289
views
Smoothness of expectation
Suppose that $X_t$ is a strong solution to the SDE,
$$dX_t = C_t \,dB_t$$ where $B_t$ is a standard Brownian motion and $C_t \ge 0$ is measurable with respect to the natural filtration generated by ...
- 553
3
votes
1
answer
345
views
Why control a continuous approximation of stochastic gradient descent instead of just the SGD?
In "Stochastic modified equations and adaptive stochastic gradient algorithms" (Li et. al 2015) the authors approximate stochastic gradient descent, as in
$$x_{k+1} = x_k - \eta u_k \nabla f_{\...
- 677
3
votes
1
answer
177
views
Convergence of SDEs
Suppose that $\{a_n(x)\}_{n \in \mathbb{N}}$ is a sequence of real-valued Lipschitz functions with domain $\mathbb{R}^d$, which converges $m$-a.e. to a Lipschitz function $a$. Suppose that $b$ is a ...
- 5,405
3
votes
1
answer
191
views
Stopping time property
Hi, I am reading a textbook about SDE, and am very confused about the transition
$$X_T 1_{T\lt t} + E\{X_T 1_{T\geq t} | F_{t\wedge T}\}$$
$$= X_T 1_{T\lt t} + E\{X_T | F_t\} 1_{T\geq t}$$
I ...
- 39
3
votes
1
answer
750
views
Equivalence of Itō and Stratonovich equations and how we ensure that the latter are well-defined
Remark: I've asked this question on MSE as well.
Let
$T>0$
$I:=[0,T]$
$(\Omega,\mathcal A,\operatorname P)$ be a probability space
$(\mathcal F_t)_{t\in I}$ be a complete and right-continuous ...
- 167