All Questions
46 questions
37
votes
3
answers
2k
views
How to prove the identity $L(2,(\frac{\cdot}3))=\frac2{15}\sum\limits_{k=1}^\infty\frac{48^k}{k(2k-1)\binom{4k}{2k}\binom{2k}k}$?
For the Dirichlet character $\chi(a)=(\frac a3)$ (which is the Legendre symbol), we have
$$L(2,\chi)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{(\frac n3)}{n^2}=0.781302412896486296867187429624\ldots.$$
Note that this ...
- 215
0
votes
1
answer
129
views
Closed form for $\sum\limits_{k=0}^{n} [\operatorname{wt}(k) = m]$ where $\operatorname{wt}(n)$ is the binary weight of $n$
Let $\operatorname{wt}(n)$ be A000120 (i.e., number of $1$'s in binary expansion of $n$).
Let $a(n,m)$ be the family of integer sequences such that
$$
a(n,m) = \sum\limits_{k=0}^{n} [\operatorname{wt}(...
- 7,226
0
votes
0
answers
86
views
How to prove the following equation (involving multiple binomial coefficients sum)?
I encountered the equation below, encountered a problem that has been bothering me for a long time
Does anyone have an idea how to prove it? I would be extremely grateful to you if you come up with an ...
- 41
0
votes
1
answer
169
views
Partial sums of binomial coefficients and related family of polynomials
Let $a(n)$ be A302117. Here
$$
a(n) = 4(n-1)a(n-1) - \frac{1}{3}\prod\limits_{k=0}^{n-1}(2k-3), \\
a(0) = 0.
$$
Let
$$
T(n,k) = \sum\limits_{i=0}^{k} \binom{n}{i}.
$$
Let $P_n(z)$ be the family of ...
- 34.3k
6
votes
0
answers
752
views
For all $n\in \mathbb{N}$, How to find $\min\{ m+k\}$ such that $ \binom{m}{k}=n$?
I asked this question on MSE here.
Most numbers in pascal triangle appear only once (excluding the duplicates in the same row of the Pascal's triangle) but certain numbers appear multiple times. ...
- 541
1
vote
0
answers
73
views
Alternating sum of integer coefficients of the triangles related to Eulerian numbers and binomial transforms
Let $W(n, k, m)$ be an integer coefficients defined for $n > 0, 1 \leqslant k \leqslant n, m > 0$ with $W(n,k,m)=0$ for $n \leqslant 0$ or $k \leqslant 0$ such that
$$
W(n, k, m) = (k+m-1)W(n-1,...
- 4,928
7
votes
1
answer
527
views
Suitable closed form for the A079501
Let $a(n)$ be A079501 (i.e., number of compositions of the integer $n$ with strictly smallest part in the first position).
The sequence begins with
$$
1, 1, 2, 2, 4, 5, 8, 12, 19, 28, 45, 70, 110, ...
- 981
10
votes
4
answers
1k
views
Binomial coefficient in Andrews' partition book
First of all, I think MathOverflow is a very great community to discuss math, either basic or advanced, and I'm glad to participate here. It's my first post, so I'm sorry if i did anything wrong, and ...
- 4,713
13
votes
1
answer
468
views
Four new series for $\pi$ and related identities involving harmonic numbers
Recently, I discovered the following four new (conjectural) series for $\pi$:
\begin{align}\sum_{k=1}^\infty\frac{(5k^2-4k+1)8^k\binom{3k}k}{k(3k-1)(3k-2)\binom{2k}k\binom{4k}{2k}}&=\frac{3\pi}2,\...
- 188k
3
votes
1
answer
829
views
binomial coefficients are integers because numerator and denominator form pairs?
I've heard of a claim that when calculating the binomial formula with integer input:
$\mathrm{Bin}(n,k):=\prod^k_{i=1}\frac{n+1-i}{i}\in \mathbb{N}\ (\forall n,k\in\mathbb N)$
each denominator divides ...
- 105k
21
votes
7
answers
6k
views
Upper limit on the central binomial coefficient
What is the tightest upper bound we can establish on the central binomial coefficients $ 2n \choose n$ ?
I just tried to proceed a bit, like this:
$$ n! > n^{\frac{n}{2}} $$
for all $ n>2 $. ...
- 4,713
11
votes
1
answer
681
views
Solve $\binom{n}{k}=m$ for $(n,k)$
For an integer $m>0$, put $X(m)=\{(n,k):4\leq 2k\leq n \text{ and } \binom{n}{k}=m\}$. Is there an efficient method to calculate $X(m)$? Is there a uniform upper bound for $|X(m)|$?
By ...
- 3,319
1
vote
1
answer
3k
views
Coefficients in the sum $\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\sum_{j=0}^{m}A_{j,m}(n-k)^jk^j=n^{2m+1}, \ m=1,2,....$
Consider a sum $$\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\sum_{j=0}^{m}A_{j,m}(n-k)^jk^j$$
which returns an odd power $n^{2m+1}$ of $n$, for $\ m=0,1,2,...$ given fixed $A_{0,m}, \ A_{1,m}, \ ..., \ A_{m,m}$. The ...
- 167
2
votes
0
answers
70
views
Integer coefficients such that $T(n,k)=R(n,k)-R(n,k-1)$
Let $a(n)$ be A000085, i.e., the number of self-inverse permutations on $n$ letters, also known as involutions; number of standard Young tableaux with $n$ cells. Here
$$a(n) = a(n-1) + (n-1)a(n-2), a(...
- 4,928
20
votes
1
answer
2k
views
How to prove that the following double sum is always an integer？
I have verified the following double sum is always an integer for $s$ up to $1000$ via Maple.
But I can not prove it. Proofs, hints, or references are all welcome.
Thanks!
$$\sum_{m=s}^{2s}\sum_{k=0}^{...
- 105k
3
votes
0
answers
144
views
Flat polynomials with factors of big height
Let $p(x)$ be a polynomial of degree $n$ with all coefficients in $\{-1,0,1\}$ (such polynomials are sometimes called flat). I am wondering how big the coefficients of a factor of $p$ can be. Call ...
- 13.4k
2
votes
3
answers
742
views
Asking for a proof for a sum of products of binomials: an "interesting" identity?
The following identity must have received alternative proofs, including a combinatorial argument by David Callan as found at Bijections for the Identity $4^n = \sum_{k = 0}^n \binom{2k}k\binom{2(n - k)...
- 3,255
0
votes
1
answer
149
views
Modulo $2$ binomial transform of A124758
Let $f(n)$ be A153733, remove all trailing ones in binary representation of $n$. Here
\begin{align}
f(2n)& = 2n\\
f(2n+1)& = f(n)\\
\end{align}
Then we have an integer sequence given by
\begin{...
- 843
46
votes
5
answers
6k
views
Integer-valued factorial ratios
This historical question recalls
Pafnuty Chebyshev's estimates for the prime distribution function. In his derivation
Chebyshev used the factorial ratio sequence
$$
u_n=\frac{(30n)!n!}{(15n)!(10n)!(6n)...
- 82.6k
2
votes
0
answers
215
views
Two conjectures about generalised A329369
Let $m \geqslant 2$ be a fixed integer.
Let
$$\operatorname{wt}(n,m)=\operatorname{wt}\left(\left\lfloor\frac{n}{m}\right\rfloor,m\right)+n\bmod m, \operatorname{wt}(0,m)=0$$
Then we have an integer ...
- 4,928
2
votes
1
answer
113
views
Modulo $2$ binomial transform of A243499 applied $k$ times
Let $m \geqslant 1$ be a fixed integer.
Let $f(n)$ be A007814, exponent of highest power of $2$ dividing $n$, a.k.a. the binary carry sequence, the ruler sequence, or the $2$-adic valuation of $n$.
...
- 2,306
1
vote
0
answers
57
views
Inverse modulo $2$ binomial transform of generalised A284005
Let $m \geqslant 1$ be a fixed integer.
Let $\operatorname{wt}(n)$ be A000120, $1$'s-counting sequence: number of $1$'s in binary expansion of $n$ (or the binary weight of $n$).
Let $f(n)$ be A007814, ...
- 4,928
1
vote
0
answers
156
views
Open tours by a biased rook (proof verification)
Related questions:
Number of open tours by a biased rook on a specific $f(n)\times 1$ board which end on a $k$-th cell from the right
Sum with products turned into subsequences
Combinatorial ...
- 4,928
2
votes
2
answers
180
views
Modulo $2$ binomial transform of $m^n$
Let $m \in \mathbb{R}$.
Let $f(n)$ be A007814, exponent of highest power of $2$ dividing $n$, a.k.a. the binary carry sequence, the ruler sequence, or the $2$-adic valuation of $n$.
Let $g(n)$ be ...
- 60.5k
3
votes
0
answers
151
views
Combinatorial interpretation of inverse modulo $2$ binomial transform of A284005
My question is related to the following:
Sum with products turned into subsequences
We have an identity
$$a(n, -1) = \sum\limits_{j=0}^{2^{\operatorname{wt}(n)}-1}(-1)^{\operatorname{wt}(n)-\...
- 4,928
0
votes
1
answer
427
views
Prove for all $k \in \mathbb{N}$, that $\sum_{j=0}^{2k+1} {n+j-1\choose j} + \sum_{j=0}^{2k+1}(-1)^j{n+2k+2\choose j} = 0$
Prove that this sum holds for all positive integers $k$. I'm quite sure this is right but I can't see immediately how to go about proving it. This will help resolve a problem regarding sums of ...
- 4,713
1
vote
2
answers
287
views
In search of a combinatorial proof for a multinomial sum
There is this sequence listed on OEIS - named Domb numbers. I'm curious about
QUESTION. Is there a direct combinatorial proof for the identity
$$\sum_{k=0}^n\binom{n}k^2\binom{2k}k\binom{2n-2k}{n-k}
=...
- 1,755
27
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Solutions to $\binom{n}{5} = 2 \binom{m}{5}$
In Finite Mathematics by Lial et al. (10th ed.), problem 8.3.34 says:
On National Public Radio, the Weekend Edition program posed the
following probability problem: Given a certain number of ...
- 47.1k
7
votes
0
answers
183
views
Some conjectural congruences involving Domb numbers
The Domb numbers are given by
$$D_n=\sum_{k=0}^n\binom{n}{k}^2\binom{2k}k\binom{2(n-k)}{n-k}\ \ \ (n=0,1,2,\ldots).$$
Such numbers have combinatorial interpretation, see, e.g., http://oeis.org/A002895....
- 15.6k
4
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Estimate on sum of squares of multinomial coefficients
I am interested in approximating the sum of the squares of the multinomial coefficients, i.e.
$a_\ell^p := \sum_{k_0+\ldots+k_p = \ell} (\frac{\ell!}{k_0! \ldots k_p!})^2$
or more general,
$a_\...
- 1
1
vote
0
answers
100
views
Divisibility properties of linear combinations of binomial coefficients [closed]
Let $p$ be a prime and $a_0,\ldots,a_n\geq 0$ be integers. Define
$$
S(a_0,\ldots,a_n)=\sum_{k=0}^n a_k\binom{n}{k}.
$$
I am trying to find out how much we know about
$$
v_p(S(a_0,\ldots,a_n)),
$$
...
- 81
7
votes
1
answer
439
views
Two conjectural series for $\pi$ involving the central trinomial coefficients
For each $n=0,1,2,\ldots$, the central trinomial coefficient $T_n$ is defined as the coefficient of $x^n$ in the expansion of $(x^2+x+1)^n$. It is easy to see that $T_n=\sum_{k=0}^{\lfloor n/2\rfloor}\...
- 34.3k
6
votes
0
answers
217
views
Two conjectural congruences for Franel numbers
Recall that the Franel numbers are given by
$$f_n:=\sum_{k=0}^n \binom{n}{k}^3\ \ \ (n=0,1,\ldots).$$
Question. How to prove my following conjecture?
Conjecture. For each odd prime $p$, we have
$$\...
- 15.6k
6
votes
1
answer
290
views
What is the growth rate of the products of binomial coefficients?
Question 1: Are the following empirically observed relationships true
$$
{n \choose 1^a}{n \choose 2^a}{n \choose 3^a}\cdots {n \choose m^a}
\sim \exp\bigg(\frac{2n^{1 + \frac{1}{a}}}{a+3}\bigg)
$$
...
- 5,470
0
votes
0
answers
128
views
Number of primes skipped by binomial coefficients?
Take $$B(l,n)=\binom{n+l}{n}$$ and $\mathcal P(t)=\{p\mbox{ prime}:p|t\}$.
What is the cardinality of $\mathcal P(B(l,n))$?
What is minimum cardinality of $L\subseteq\{1,\dots,n\}$ such that $$\...
- 13.9k
13
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Positive integers written as $\binom{w}2+\binom{x}4+\binom{y}6+\binom{z}8$ with $w,x,y,z\in\{2,3,\ldots\}$
Let $\mathbb N=\{0,1,2,\ldots\}$. Recall that the triangular numbers are those natural numbers
$$T_x=\frac {x(x+1)}2\quad \text{with}\ x\in\mathbb N.$$
As $T_x=\binom{x+1}2$, Gauss' triangular number ...
- 15.6k
0
votes
0
answers
369
views
A question on the Faulhaber's formula
Proposition 1.1
For every integers $m,n\geq 0$ the following identity holds
\begin{equation}
n^{2m+1}=\sum_{k=1}^{n}\sum_{j=0}^m A_{m,j}k\strut^j(n-k)\strut^j=\sum_{k=0}^{m}(-1)^{m-k}U_m(n, k)\cdot n\...
- 167
7
votes
0
answers
264
views
Is every integer $n>1$ the sum of two squares and two central binomial coefficients?
Those integers $\binom{2n}n\ (n=0,1,2,\ldots)$ are called central binomial coefficients. By Stirling's formula,
$$\binom{2n}n\sim \frac{4^n}{\sqrt{n\pi}}\ \ \ \ (n\to+\infty).$$
Of course, the ...
- 15.6k
0
votes
1
answer
132
views
Divisibility criterion of binomial coefficients
If $r\in\Bbb Z_{\geq0}$ and $m$ is odd then let $2^\ell\mid\binom{m}{2^r}$ and $2^{\ell+1}\nmid\binom{m}{2^r}$.
Is there a way to find if $\ell$ is even or odd without computing $\binom{m}{2^r}$ (...
- 4,713
16
votes
2
answers
618
views
3-adic valuation of a sum involving binomial coefficients
Let $$a(n) = \sum_{0 \leq k \leq n} {n \choose k}{{n+k} \choose k},$$ and define
$b(n) = \nu_3 \bigl(a(n)\bigr)$, where $\nu_3$ is the $3$-adic valuation. About twenty years ago or so, I discovered (...
- 43.2k
21
votes
1
answer
876
views
A combinatorial identity involving generalized harmonic numbers
The $n$-th harmonic number is defined as
$$
H_n=\sum_{k=1}^{n}\frac{1}{k},
$$
and the generalized harmonic numbers are defined by
$$
H_{n}^{(r)}=\sum_{k=1}^{n}\frac{1}{k^r}.
$$
Recently, I have found ...
CommunityBot
- 1
3
votes
1
answer
222
views
Asymptotic for binomial sums
Let $S(n, t) = \sum_{k = 0}^n {n \choose k} ^t$.
The task is to find asymptotic behavior of $S(n,5)$, $n \to \infty$.
Asymptotic for $S(n,0)$ and $S(n,1)$ is very simple.
For $S(n,2)$ we can use ...
- 12.3k
47
votes
1
answer
4k
views
How to prove this polynomial always has integer values at all integers?
Let $m$ be any positive integer.
$$
P_m(x)=\sum_{i=0}^{m}\sum_{j=0}^{m}{x+j\choose j}{x-1\choose j}{j\choose i}{m\choose i}{i\choose m-j}\frac{3}{(2i-1)(2j+1)(2m-2i-1)}.
$$
Question: $P_m(x)$ always ...
CommunityBot
- 1
1
vote
2
answers
375
views
binomial/factorial identity mod p
In trying to determine the spectrum of a well-known ergodic transformation, I came up with the following useful (for me) result.
Let $p$ be a prime and $a$ a positive integer. Then for $M$ a positive ...
- 10.5k
13
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Proving $\sum_{k=0}^{2m}(-1)^k{\binom{2m}{k}}^3=(-1)^m\binom{2m}{m}\binom{3m}{m}$
I found the following formula in a book without any proof:
$$\sum_{k=0}^{2m}(-1)^k{\binom{2m}{k}}^3=(-1)^m\binom{2m}{m}\binom{3m}{m}.$$
This does not seem to follow immediately from the basic ...
CommunityBot
- 1
7
votes
0
answers
388
views
Polynomials with presumably positive coefficients
The $q$-Pochhammer symbol
$(q) _ 0:=1$ and $(q) _ n:=\prod _ {j=1}^n (1-q^j)$ for $n > 0$ is clearly a polynomial in $q$ which has both positive and negative coefficients when $n>0$.
The $q$-...
CommunityBot
- 1