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Special functions, orthogonal polynomials, harmonic analysis, ordinary differential equations (ODE's), differential relations, calculus of variations, approximations, expansions, asymptotics.

1 vote
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Derivative in terms of finite differences

This is a special case of well-known general formula for the n-th derivative via differences and Stirling numbers. Cf. good books on finite differences, e.g. of Gelfond or Jordan.
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2 votes
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Estimate of a ratio of two incomplete gamma functions

In fact it seems to be a consequence of the Cauchy theorem from calculus. Really, by it and a formula for derivative of incomplete gamma function (cf. Wiki for example) we evaluate $\frac{f(x)-f(y)}{ …
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15 votes

Sum of series $a^{i^2}$

This sum equals exactly to: $$ \frac{1}{2}\left(\theta_3 (0,a) -1 \right),$$ and $\theta_3$ is the Jacobi $\theta$ - function.
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2 votes
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A book about almost periodic functions

What do you mean "a new", of what years? Classics are always new-the books of Bohr, Levitan and Zhikov, Besikovich himself. There is also a book of Corduneanu with standard name "almost periodic funct …
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5 votes
2 answers
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Integrals involving trigonometric functions and polynomials

Can one describe all the real polynomials $P(x)$ such that the following integrals converge: $$ \int_0^{\infty} \sin(P(x))dx, \int_0^{\infty} \cos(P(x))dx ? $$ Among special cases are such celebriti …
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7 votes
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A (likely) positivity property of the Lerch zeta-function

From Prudnikov,Brychkov,Marichev Integral and Series, Vol.1, sect. 5.4.3, formula 1 we derive that $$ \sum_{k=0}^\infty \frac{\cos(ak)}{(k+1/2)^{p+1}}= \frac{1}{\Gamma(s)}\int_0^{\infty}\frac{t^p e^{- …
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