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Prime numbers, diophantine equations, diophantine approximations, analytic or algebraic number theory, arithmetic geometry, Galois theory, transcendental number theory, continued fractions
2
votes
Accepted
The maximum difference between the number of elements in the two sets of equal length of con...
No. There are various results which give counterexamples.
For example, Rankin's construction of large prime gaps boils down to the fact that if $p_1, \ldots, p_k$ denote all prime numbers below $x$, …
10
votes
Can anything deep be said uniformly about conjectures like Goldbach's?
There exist surprising counterexamples. Elsholtz and Dietmann found the following: If $p\equiv 7\pmod{8}$ is prime, then the equation $x^2+y^2+z^4=p^2$ has no non-trivial solution. You might argue tha …
4
votes
Accepted
Divergence of a series related to Schinzel's hypothesis H
In the 1960's Turán wrote several papers on a function-theoretic sieve. He managed to express the number of prime twins in terms of roots of $L$-series. He began like you did by expressing $\Lambda$ a …
5
votes
Analogues of the Riemann zeta function that are more computationally tractable?
Let $p_k$ be the $k$-th prime number, and pick a sequence of primes $q_k$, such that $q_k\sim p_k^{3/2}$. Let $G$ be the arithmetic semigroup consisting of all integers not divisible by one of the $q_ …
2
votes
Accepted
Density of integers with a large rough divisor
If $a/b$ is not too large, you can compute the probability using arguments as in the computation leading to the asymptotics for smooth numbers. In theory, you can compute for all $\beta, \gamma$ a rea …
3
votes
Goldbach's conjecture for the Liouville function
In "The equation $\omega(n)=\omega(n+1)$" (Mathematika 50, 99-101, 2003) it was shown that the equation $\omega(n)=\omega(n+1)$ has infinitely many solutions. Pintz has a series of results on consecut …
1
vote
Spacing of fractions with prime denominator
Wolke (On the large sieve with primes, Acta Math. Acad. Sci. Hungar. 22 (1971/72), 239–247, MathSciNet MR0291121 (45 #215)) has worked on this question. His motivation was Gallagher's approach to the …
11
votes
Lower bound for the fractional part of $(4/3)^n$
A non-trivial lower bound can be obtained using linear forms in $p$-adic logarithms. Suppose that $\left\{\left(\frac{4}{3}\right)^n\right\}$ is small. Clearly it is a rational number with denominator …
1
vote
Writing integers as determinants of matrices with prime entries.
Goldston, Graham Pintz and Yildirim ( https://arxiv.org/abs/0803.2636 ) showed that among three linear forms $\ell_1, \ell_2, \ell_3$, which satisfy the obvious local conditions, there are two, say $\ …
2
votes
Accepted
Is there some estimate numbers of the tuples come from Mobius function?
Studying the distribution of patterns of the Moebius function falls into an easy part, which deals with the distribution of zeroes, and a difficult part, which deals with the distribution of signs. Th …
1
vote
1
answer
290
views
Reference Request: Waring's problem for different polynomials
I am looking for a reference for the following statement:
For every integer $d$, there exist an integer $k$, such that for all polynomials $P_1, \ldots, P_k$ of degree $d$ there exist integers $N, q, …
5
votes
Accepted
Specializing non-trivial primality tests
Checking whether an integer $n$ has a divisor in a given interval is essentially equivalent to factorization. Factoring is essentially equivalent to finding the smallest prime factor. So suppose that …
10
votes
Accepted
On the Upper Density of $C_2$ in finite groups
Pyber showed that the number of groups of order $n$ is $\leq n^{\frac{2}{27}\nu(n)^3+C\nu(n)^{3/2}}$, where $\nu$ is the highest power of a prime dividing $n$ and $C$ is an absolute constant. On the o …
4
votes
On an observation which relates to the exponential sum $\sum_{n=1}^{[\sqrt{t/2\pi}]} n^{-\fr...
The assertion is generally believed to be true. In fact, much more is conjectured: For every $\epsilon>0$ we have $\left|\zeta(\frac{1}{2}+it)-\sum_{n\leq t^\epsilon} n^{-\frac{1}{2}-it}\right|= \math …
84
votes
Feit-Thompson conjecture
It is not true anymore that a proof of this conjecture would lead to significant simplifications. Peterfalvi proved in 1984 a weaker version of this conjecture, which suffices to get rid of the chapte …