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For any $n\geq 2$ consider the recursion \begin{align*} a(0,n)&=n;\\ a(m,n)&=a(m-1,n)+\operatorname{gcd}(a(m-1,n),n-m),\qquad m\geq 1. \end{align*} I conjecture that $a(n-1,n)$ is always prime. To ve …

Let $a(n)$ be A301897, i.e., number of permutations $b$ of length $n$ that satisfy the Diaconis-Graham inequality $I_n(b) + EX_n(b) \leqslant D_n(b)$ with equality. Here $$a(n)=\frac{1}{n+1}\binom{2n} …

Let $a(n)$ be A204262 i.e. permanent of the matrix $n\times n$ with elements $\min(i,j)$. Let $$ f_{n,\ell}(x)=g_{n,\ell}(x)+f_{n,\ell-1}(\ell)-g_{n,\ell}(\ell), \\ g_{n,\ell}(x)=\int (n-\ell)^2 f_{n …

Let $a(n)$ be A113227, i.e., the number of permutations on $[n]\equiv \{1, \ldots, n\}$ avoiding the pattern $1-23-4$. The sequence begins with $$1, 1, 2, 6, 23, 105, 549, 3207, 20577, 143239, 1071704 …

Let $a(n)$ be A057985 (i.e., start with $0$ and repeatedly substitute: $0 \to 01$, $1 \to 12$, $2 \to 0$). Let $b(n)$ be A287066 (i.e., start with $1$ and repeatedly substitute: $0 \to 01$, $1 \to 1 …

Please see the update given below. Everything you need to know from the old version of the question are the functions $a(n), \ell(n), s(n), t(n), r(n)$. Let $a(n)$ be A329369 (i.e, number of permutat …

Let $f(n)$ be an arbitrary function with integer values. Let $a(n)$ be an integer sequence such that $$ \frac{1}{1-x}=\sum\limits_{n=0}^{\infty}a(n)x^n\prod\limits_{k=1}^{n+1}(1-f(k)x) $$ Start with …

Let $a(n,m,k)$ be an integer sequence such that $$a(n,m,k)=\sum\limits_{i=0}^{n}{n\brace i}(m-k)^{n-i}\prod\limits_{j=0}^{i-1}(kj+1)$$ Here ${n\brace k}$ is the Stirling number of the second kind. The …

Let $a(n)$ be A112487 i.e. an integer sequence with exponential generating function $$ A(x)=\exp\left(\int (A(x)+A(x)^2)\,dx\right), \\ A(0)=1 $$ However, the definition in the name of the sequence i …

Let $$g(n,m)=\sum\limits_{i=0}^{n}\sum\limits_{j=0}^{m}\binom{i+j}{j}\binom{n-i+m-j}{m-j}\alpha^i\beta^j$$ I conjecture that $$g(n,m)=\binom{n+m}{m}f(n,m)$$ Here is the PARI prog to verify this conjec …

Let $m\geq 2$ be a fixed integer. Let $f(n)$ be A007814, the exponent of the highest power of $2$ dividing $n$, a.k.a. the binary carry sequence, the ruler sequence, or the $2$-adic valuation of $n$. …

Let $f(n)$ be A007814, the exponent of the highest power of $2$ dividing $n$, a.k.a. the binary carry sequence, the ruler sequence, or the $2$-adic valuation of $n$. Let $g(n)$ be A025480, $g(2n) = n …

Let $p$ and $q$ be integers. Let $f(n)$ be A007814, the exponent of the highest power of $2$ dividing $n$, a.k.a. the binary carry sequence, the ruler sequence, or the $2$-adic valuation of $n$. Then …

Let $a(n,k)$ be the sequence of $k$-Dowling numbers (for more information see A007405 and its CROSSREFS section) with e.g.f. $$\operatorname{exp}\left(x + \frac{\operatorname{exp}(kx) - 1}{k}\right)$$ …

Let $T(n,k)$ be a triangle of coefficients such that $T(n,k)\geqslant0$ for $n>0$, $0<k\leqslant n$, $0$ otherwise. Also $$T(2n+1,1)=\frac{1}{2n+1}, T(2n,1)=0$$ $$T(n,k)=\frac{1}{n}(T(n-1,k-1)+(n-2)(T …