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Reference request: Darboux properties of real-valued set functions (measures, densities, etc.)

Fix a set $S$ and let $f: \mathcal P(S) \rightharpoonup \mathbf R$ be a real-valued partial function on the power set of $S$; denote by $\mathcal D$ the domain of $f$. We say that $f$ has: (i) the ...
Salvo Tringali's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
98 views

Primes as expected values?

This is a follow-up question, which is related to the answer of this quesiton: Is there a connection of prime numbers and extreme value theory? I will duplicate the answer here, so this question is ...
mathoverflowUser's user avatar
2 votes
0 answers
170 views

The uniform “probability” on $\mathbf{N}$: What occurs beyond logarithmic density?

This is a follow-up to Question #47134. There is obviously no uniform probability distribution on $\mathbf{N}$ (or $\mathbf{Z}$); however, using the notion of amenability, you can show that any ...
Rémi Peyre's user avatar
1 vote
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78 views

In the modular exponentiation, as used with the adaptive root problem, how to chose the best base that will yield as few results as possible?

Let $n,m,w\in\Bbb N$ and $\lambda\in\Bbb P$ such that $w^\lambda \mod m = n$, with the requirements: $\lambda$ being a random large prime such as $w^\lambda > 2\times m$ $1 < n < m−1$. m is ...
user2284570's user avatar
1 vote
0 answers
123 views

On probability of coprimality of a list of numbers

We know $r$ randomly chosen integers are coprime with probability $\frac1{\zeta(r)}$. Pick a bound $N$ and pick $k\lceil N^{\alpha}\rceil$ uniformly random integers in $[0,N^{\alpha+\beta}]$ where $\...
Turbo's user avatar
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-3 votes
0 answers
134 views

Approximation on Dirichlet's arithmetic progression by means of central limit theorem

In this video lecture on Number theory over function fields taught by Will Sawin is presented a 'conceptional' reason for error estimation $\#\{p \in \Bbb P: p =a \ \text{mod} \ N, p <x \} =\frac{1}...
JackYo's user avatar
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