Questions tagged [symbolic-dynamics]
Symbolic dynamics is the study of dynamical systems defined in terms of shift transformations on spaces of sequences. Examples of topics in this area include shifts of finite type, sofic shifts, Toeplitz shifts, Markov partitions and symbolic coding of dynamical systems.
189 questions
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joining or coupling
given two shift invariant measures in the Bernoulli space $\{0,1\}^{\mathbb{N}}$, is there a way to construct joinings of them? It's very diffcult, in general, to find exactly the minimal joining i.e, ...
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Question regarding characterization of linearly recurrent subshifts by Durand
I was looking at the following paper by Fabien Durand, Corrigendum and addendum to ‘Linearly recurrent subshifts have a finite number of non-periodic factors’.
I have somewhat of a basic question ...
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Sufficient conditions for periodic tiling by Wang tiles
I'm recently interested in whether a sub-shift of finite type contains a doubly-periodic problem, when the set of configurations is of the sort $\mathcal{A}^{\mathbb{Z}^2}$. When $Q_2=\{0,1\}^2$, and ...
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Possible weaker version of the Domino/Wang tiling problem
This may be a dumb question, but I was wondering whether the question of 'periodically tiling the plane from a finite set of tiles' is the same as the domino tiling problem or a weaker version. I ...
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Proof that Sturmian shift is uniquely ergodic using irrational rotation
I am finding proofs of unique ergodicity of Sturmian shifts however I want to know if there is a proof that link that to the unique ergodicity of irrational rotations through conjugacy for example or ...
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Lyapunov spectrum($h_{\mathrm{top}}(K(\alpha))$) achieves a positive value somewhere
$\DeclareMathOperator{\top}{\mathrm{top}}$Let $(\Sigma, T)$ be a topologically mixing subshift of finite type and $f:\Sigma \to \mathbb{R}$ be a Hölder continuous map.
Let
$$K(\alpha)=\Big\{x\in \...
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Explicit transitive flow on disc
$D_n\triangleq \left\{x \in \mathbb{R}^n:\, \|x\|\leq 1\right\}$ with its subspace topology. By a transitive flow on $D_n$ I mean a continuous function
$$
\phi: [0,1]\times D_n\rightarrow D_n,
$$
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Partitioning a subset of a subshift into comparable parts
Let $(X,\mu,\sigma)$ be a subshift on a finite alphabet, which we assume to be mixing. That is, for any cylinders $C, C'$ we have $\mu(\sigma^{-n}C\cap C')\to\mu(C)\mu(C')$ as $n\to+\infty$. We also ...
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Group action of $G<\mathbb Z^\infty_2$ over the Golden mean shif [closed]
I'm am looking for an action of an infinite subgroup of $\mathbb Z^\infty_2$ over the golden mean shift space $$X=\{x\in \{0,1\}^\mathbb N : x_i=1\Rightarrow x_{i+1}=0\}$$ such that any element of $G$ ...
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Find a sequence with uniform frequencies and recurrent property
Given any 4 positive numbers $p_{00}\,,p_{01}=p_{10}\,,p_{11}$,such that the sum of the 4 numbers is 1, now I want to find a sequence in $\{0\,,1\}^\mathbb{N}$
such that this sequence has uniform ...
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Overlaying two domino-like constructions such that all individual pairs of domino-like cells in the overlay have matching symbols
Imagine I have two $n$ x $m$ assemblies of $P = (n*m)$ unit square cells on the plane, $(c_{(a,1)}, ..., c_{(a,P)}) \in A$ and $(c_{(b,1)}, ..., c_{(b,P)}) \in B$, where every cell, $c_k$, in a ...
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Is the finite/countable union of topological Markov shifts a topological Markov shift?
A topological Markov shift (TMS), or countable state shift of finite type (SFT), is a shift space $X$ over a countably infinite alphabet $\mathcal{A}$ defined by a transition matrix $T=(t_{ij})_{\...
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Computing the language of an $S$-adic shift
I have been looking online for how or if one can compute the language of an $S$-adic subshift generated by finitely many substitutions. I know that one can compute the language of a substitution ...
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Computing kneading sequences for renormalizations of Lorenz maps
I am stuck trying to understand certain claims made in this paper, and for completeness I will reproduce some definitions from it.
A Lorenz map $f$ on $I = [0,1]$ is a monotone increasing function ...
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Is there a condition for a subshift of finite type to be uniquely ergodic?
Are SFTs uniquely ergodic in general, or is there a known necessary and sufficient condition for them to be uniquely ergodic?
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Number of permitted words up to permutation in a subshift
Let $A$ be a finite set and let $X \subseteq A^{\mathbb{N}}$ be a subshift. Let $\mathcal{L}_n$ denote the set of words of length $n$ appearing in $X$. For a word $w \in \mathcal{L}_n$, one can ...
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Continuity of Kneading invariants of generalised $\beta$-trasformations
For $\beta \in (1,2]$ and $\alpha \in [0,2-\beta]$ consider the generalised $\beta$-transformation $T_{\alpha,\beta}:[0,1] \to [0,1]$ to be $$T_{\alpha, \beta}(x) = \beta x + \alpha \mod 1.$$ It is a ...
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Is a set over which dynamics are topologically conjugate to a shift map on two symbols always repelling?
Consider the one-sided full shift map $\sigma$ and the associated shift space of infinite sequences in two letters $\{0,1\}^\mathbb{N}$ on which the shift map acts, equipped with the usual metric. ...
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Beginners level question : symbolic dynamics and notations
Let $f(.)$ be a chaotic 1 D Map which produces a scalar valued time series where the first iterate is obtained from an initial condition $x[0]$ as $x[1] = f(x[0],\mu)$ where $\mu$ is the control ...
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weak-* versus entropy growth
General question. Let $\eta_{n}$ be a sequence of invariant measures on $\{0,1,2,...,p-1\}^{\mathbb{N}}$ and $B$ the Bernoulli uniform measure. Knowing that $\eta_{n} \rightarrow B$ in the weak-* ...
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The value of the sequence generated by the substitution
Given a substitution $1\to 100$, $0\to 01$, then we have $1\to 100\to1000101\to10001010110001100\to\cdots$, we denote this limits (fixed point of this substitution) as $(a_n)$, given $\beta>1 $. ...
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Entropy of factors of Bernoulli schemes
Let $X$ be a Bernoulli scheme. A factor $\psi: X \to Y$ is finitary if for almost every $x \in X$ there exist integers $m \leq n$ such that the zero coordinates of $\psi(x)$ and $\psi(x')$ agree for ...
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Finitary factors of Bernoulli schemes that pair duals
This question is related to my question:
entropy preserving finitary factor maps of Bernoulli schemes.
Hopefully, this one is a bit easier.
Let $X=\{0,1\}^\mathbb{Z}$ with measure $\mu=(p,1-p)^{\...
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The Book for ergodic theory on SFT in dimension $D>1.$
I have been unable to find a good reference for a book that study in details ergodic theory on sub shifts of finite type in dimension $D>1.$ The only reference that I got was actually a book by ...
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A modified Cantor and its measure
Recall that Cantor set can be defined as the set of numbers in $[0,1]$ that don't contain $1$ when written in ternary number system.
Alternatively if we consider the map $\varphi: [0,1]\to [0,1]$, $...
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Recurrence theorems [closed]
Bonjour, I need some help regarding recurrence theorems in shift spaces. I am aware of Poincaré's Recurrence Theorem, but I'm sure I've heard of another one telling about the time required to get back ...
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Modulo dynamics on [0,1)
For $T: \mathbb{R} \mapsto \mathbb{{R}_{+}}$, we have $\{ {T}^{n}(\theta)\ mod \ 1\} \subset [0,1)$. (where ${T}^{n}(\theta)$ means applying $T$ $n$ times on $\theta$, not the $n$th power of $T(\...
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entropy growth of invariant measures - General question
In general, given a sequence of shift-invariant measures $\eta_{n}$ on $\{0,1\}^{\mathbb{N}}$ what to do to guarantee this convergence of entropies: $$h(\eta_{n}) \rightarrow \log2?$$
Because I'm ...
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Is any invariant, ergodic measure with full support on an irreducible Markov shift a Markov measure?
I have this question I have been struggling with for a while. It seems rather intuitive, however, I was not able to proof it yet:
Let $\Omega = \{1,2,\cdots,N\}$ a finite alphabet, $\Sigma \subset \...
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Extension of automorphism of shift of finite type
$\DeclareMathOperator\Aut{Aut}$Let $X$ and $Y$ be two subshifts of finite type and $X\subset Y$, and $\phi:X\rightarrow X$ be a homeomorphism commuting with the shift map. Is there any homeomorphism $\...
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Estimate for the length of a partial orbit for a shift map for which its delta neighbourhood covers an interval
Consider $f:[0,2\pi) \to [0,2\pi )$ given by $f(x) = (x + 1) \bmod 2\pi$ for all $x\in [0,2\pi )$, i.e. a shift map on the unit circle with anti-clockwise shift of $1$.
Denote the sequence $\{ x_n \}$ ...
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Growing gliders under rule 110
I found a glider in the evolution space of rule 110 that grows constantly in size. Normal gliders live in the so-called ether, e.g. the so-called E-glider:
Other – often complex – gliders exist in an ...
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Relation between symbolic substitution and cellular automata
I recently asked this on Math Stackexchange recently in this thread. I was told that there is a relation between symbolic substitutions and cellular automata. I'm vaguely familiar with Cobham's ...
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Show that two matrices are strongly shift equivalent
The following question is from Introduction to dynamical systems, written by Michael Brin and Garrett Stuclk.
Given two non-negative integer square matrices $A, B$, we say $A, B$ are elementarily ...
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Why all the coefficients of the center manifold of this system are zeros?
I solved many cases for the following dynamical system $\dot{x} = x (1-x-ay)$ and $\dot{y} = c y (1- b x -y)$. However, I reached the case where $c>0$ and $a>1$, $b=1$ and I ended up with the ...
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Statistical characteristics of low complexity subshifts
I am looking for calculations of statistical characteristics (variance, entropy, etc.) of the $n$-dimensional distributions of the invariant measures of low complexity subshifts (e.g., the Sturmian or ...
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$||g_n||_{\infty} < \delta_{n-1}(g)$
It may be a simple question to post it here, but I posted this question in the Math Stack Exchange forum and no one answered me.
Let $E$ be a (possibly infinite) alphabet and consider $X = E^{\...
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A question from One Dimensional Dynamics book by De-Melo and van-Strien
In One Dimensional Dynamics, on page 27 I don't understand how does $(1.7)$ follow; anyone care to explain this to me?
Thanks in advance.
I am adding some information from the text below:
We are ...
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On a certain set of probability measures on a shift
Denote by $\mathbb{Z}_2=\{0,1\}$ the integers modulo 2.
Let $S:\mathbb{Z}_{2}^{\mathbb{N}}\times\mathbb{Z}_{2}^{\mathbb{N}} \rightarrow \mathbb{Z}_{2}^{\mathbb{N}}$ be the sum $S(a,b) = a+b$, where $...