All Questions
62 questions
23
votes
1
answer
3k
views
Gödel's Constructible Universe in Infinitary Logics (A Possible Approach to HOD Problem)
Gödel's constructible universe ($L$) is defined using definable power set operator in first order logic ($\mathcal{L}_{\omega ,\omega}$). One can produce such a universe in infinitary logics in ...
user46667
14
votes
1
answer
695
views
Can $L$ be defined without parameters?
If we omit parameters in the definition of $L$ would the result still be $L$?
That is, we define a successor stage $L_{\alpha+1}$ in the constructible universe $L$, without including parameters; as:
$...
- 11.3k
14
votes
3
answers
777
views
When is $A$ "$L$-ish" whenever $B$ is "$L$-ish"?
My question is about a variant of the usual notion of relative constructibility, $\le_c$ (which an earlier version of this question confusingly denoted "$\le_L$"), in set theory.
Fix a ...
- 20.5k
14
votes
1
answer
619
views
Ordinal realizability vs the constructible universe
Koepke's paper Turing Computations on Ordinals defines a notion of "ordinal computability" using Turing machines with a tape the length of Ord and that can run for Ord-many steps, and shows ...
- 66.8k
14
votes
1
answer
966
views
Can a model of $V\neq L$ contain a class giving the $L$-ordering on all its sets?
This question is inspired by the excellent question by Douglas Ulrich When is $L$-Rank definable in inner models of $V=L$?
Suppose $M \in L$ is a countable model of $ZFC$, and furthermore suppose $M \...
- 1,146
13
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Are some interesting mathematical statements minimal?
Gödel's set $\mathrm{L}$, of constructible sets, decides many interesting mathematical statements, as the Continuum hypothesis and the Axiom of Choice.
Are some interesting mathematical questions, ...
- 3,574
13
votes
1
answer
971
views
V=HOD & The Height of the Large Cardinal Tree
As we know the assumption $V=L$ adds a restriction on the height of the large cardinal tree. Also there is a strict border like $0^{\sharp}$ exists such that all large cardinal axioms which are ...
user43940
11
votes
2
answers
437
views
Producing no non-constructible reals
The following is stated without proof in Shelah's book "Cardinal arithmetic" (page 276), and is attributed to Uri Abraham:
Suppose that $L[A], L[B]$ have no non-constructible reals and that $\...
- 32.2k
10
votes
2
answers
737
views
Constructible models of New Foundations?
Hi all! Is there anything like Gödel's constructible universe for New Foundations?
More precisely, I would like a process for taking a model $M$ of NF, and using it to build a model $L \subseteq M$ ...
- 413
10
votes
1
answer
452
views
Stability for the Gödel and Jensen hierarchies
Notations: Let $L_\alpha$ stand for the Gödel constructible hierarchy ($L_0=\varnothing$ and $L_{\alpha+1} = \mathrm{def}(L_\alpha)$ is the set of definable subsets of $L_\alpha$ and $L_\delta = \...
- 32.5k
9
votes
2
answers
426
views
Can local $0^\#$ exists in L?
Assume $0^\#$ exists and there is an inaccessible cardinal.
Are there two transitive sets $M,N$ s.t. $M\in N,M\vDash ZF+V=L[0^\#],N\vDash ZF+V=L$?
- 1,490
9
votes
1
answer
862
views
Harrington's unpublished note "The constructible reals can be anything"
Around 1974, Leo Harringto wrote an unpublished note entitled "The constructible reals can be anything", in which he proved that it is consistent that being $\Delta^1_n$ is the same as being ...
- 32.2k
9
votes
0
answers
358
views
Is there a "hereditary" construction for $L$?
Recall that $L$, Godel's constructible universe is constructed by defining the following hierarchy:
$L_0=\varnothing$, for a limit ordinal $\delta$, $L_\delta=\bigcup_{\alpha<\delta}L_\alpha$, and ...
- 39.8k
8
votes
1
answer
627
views
Is $\mathsf{ZFC+V=L}$ consistently $\omega$-complete?
This was previously asked and bountied on MSE:
For brevity, let $T$ be $\mathsf{ZFC+V=L}$.
Say that an extension of $\mathsf{ZFC}$ is $\omega$-complete iff it has exactly one $\omega$-model up to ...
- 20.5k
8
votes
1
answer
864
views
Is the smallest $L_\alpha$ with undefinable ordinals always countable?
Let $\mathfrak{t}$ be the least ordinal such that $L_{\mathfrak{t}}$ has undefinable ordinals; i.e. there is an $\alpha<\mathfrak{t}$ such that $L_{\mathfrak{t}}$ cannot define $\alpha$.
This ...
- 1,252
8
votes
1
answer
623
views
Is every ordinal potentially definable?
It is easy to see that, if $V\models\alpha>\omega_1^{CK}$, then $\alpha$ is not recursive in any forcing extension of $V$. The argument goes as follows:
The relation "$\Phi_e=r$" is $\Pi^0_2$.
The ...
- 20.5k
7
votes
2
answers
311
views
At what ordinal $\chi$ does $\mathrm{L}_\chi$ contain a surjection from $\omega$ to $\mathrm{L}_{\beta_0}$?
Let $\mathrm{ZF^-}$ be $\mathrm{ZF}$ minus power set, and let $\beta_0$ be the ordinal for ramified analysis so that $\mathrm{L}_{\beta_0}$ is the least $\mathrm{L}$-model of $\mathrm{ZF}^-$. Clearly, ...
- 3,574
7
votes
1
answer
395
views
If $L_\alpha \vDash ZFC$, then do we have $L_{\alpha+1} \vDash \alpha\text{ is inaccessible}$?
Here we choose the definition of "is a cardinal" as there is no surjective map from a smaller ordinal to it.
It's easy to prove that, if $L_{\alpha+1} \vDash\ \alpha\text{ is inaccessible}$, ...
- 1,490
7
votes
1
answer
556
views
Does this ZFC+V=L like theory, have a limit on large cardinal properties?
Let $\sf T$ be a theory that has as axioms every axiom of $\sf ZFC$, and every theorem of $\sf ZFC + [V=L]$ that is neither provable nor disprovable by $\sf ZFC$, whose addition or addition of its ...
- 11.3k
7
votes
2
answers
518
views
Can countable ordinals start gaps of every order in the constructible universe?
Define "$\alpha$ starts a gap of order $n+1$ and length $\beta$" iff $\mathcal P^n(\omega)\cap (L_{\alpha+\beta}\setminus L_\alpha)=\emptyset\land\forall\gamma\in\alpha: L_\alpha\setminus L_\...
- 524
7
votes
1
answer
346
views
Which one of the following two ordinals is larger?
We say that $\alpha$ is $\Sigma_n$-extendable (to $\beta$), if there is $\beta>\alpha$ such that $L_\alpha$ is a $\Sigma_n$ elementary submodel of $L_\beta$.
First ordinal: the least $\alpha_0$ ...
- 1,490
7
votes
1
answer
440
views
Capturing the $\omega_1^{\mathrm{CK}}$-th stage of Gödel's constructible hierarchy
For an ordinal $\alpha$, let $L_\alpha$ be the $\alpha^{th}$ set of Gödel's constructible hierarchy and let $\omega_1^{\mathrm{CK}}$ be the first non-recursive ordinal or the first admissible ordinal ...
- 531
7
votes
1
answer
398
views
How similar are large cardinals, over $L$?
EDIT: Joel's answer shows that no $\Sigma_2$ large cardinal property will do the job - however, $\Pi_2$ properties (such as unfoldability and its relatives) may still be useful.
Throughout this ...
- 20.5k
6
votes
3
answers
837
views
Is the power set axiom essential for constructing L?
Take ZFC, remove axiom of Power set, and put instead of it the following axiom:
Axiom of Successor Cardinals: $\forall \kappa\, \exists x \, \forall \alpha \, ( \alpha \leq \kappa \to \alpha \in x)$
...
- 11.3k
6
votes
1
answer
267
views
Fine structure question: when do levels of $L$ look "a lot" like each other?
(Everything is assuming $V=L$.)
Fix an uncountable regular cardinal $\kappa$, and let $$E_\kappa=\{\mu<\kappa: \mbox{there is an elementary substructure of $L_\kappa$ isomorphic to $L_\mu$}\},$$ ...
- 20.5k
6
votes
1
answer
315
views
Acceptability and Soundness of J-structures.
I would like an example of a J-structure $(J^A,B)$ which is not acceptable and one that is not 1-sound.
Edit:Let us recall that a structure $J^A_\alpha$ is acceptable if for every limit ordinal $ \xi&...
- 163
6
votes
0
answers
202
views
Consistency strength of Sy Friedman's result about admissibility spectrum
A result by Sy Friedman in his book "fine structure and class forcing", is that, assume $0^\sharp$ exists, there exists a real number R such that the ordinals admissible in R (called $\...
- 1,490
5
votes
2
answers
432
views
Models of second-order arithmetic closed under relative constructibility
I know little to nothing about second-order arithmetic and its subsystems. However, I would like to understand when a model of (a subsystem of) second-order arithmetic ($\mathsf{Z}_2$) is downward ...
- 2,286
5
votes
1
answer
407
views
Is this relation about elementary embedding transitive?
For ordinals $\alpha<\beta$, we say $\alpha<_{el}\beta$, if there is an elementary embedding with domain $L_\beta$ and critical point $\alpha$.
Is $<_{el}$ transitive?
- 1,490
5
votes
1
answer
362
views
Sequences of projecta in the constructible hierarchy
For $n$ a natural number, $\alpha$ an ordinal, let $\rho(n,\alpha)$ be the $n$-th projectum of $J_\alpha$, where $J$ is the Jensen hierarchy for $L$.
Call a finite sequence $s:=(x_1,\dots,x_m)$ of ...
- 521
5
votes
1
answer
407
views
Height of diamond
Assume $V=L$.
Let $\alpha$ be the least ordinal such that there is a $\Diamond_{\omega_1}$-sequence in $L_\alpha$.
It's obvious that $\omega_1 < \alpha < \omega_2$.
Do we have some better ...
- 1,490
5
votes
2
answers
386
views
Terminology for ordinals whose constructible level is the least one satisfying some formula
An ordinal $\alpha$ is "meta-definable" by some formula $\varphi$ without free variables if:
$$
\begin{cases}
L_\alpha \models\varphi \\
\forall\beta < \alpha \, L_\beta \not\models \...
- 531
5
votes
1
answer
294
views
End-extension in Gödel's constructible universe
Given two ordinals $\alpha < \beta$, considering the subsets of Gödel's constructible universe, one say that $L_\beta$ is a $\Sigma_n$ end-extension of $L_\alpha$ (and $L_\alpha$ is an $\Sigma_n$ ...
- 531
5
votes
1
answer
345
views
A question on the size of an admissible ordinal
Let $\mathbf{L}_{\varsigma}$ be the level of ordinal $\varsigma$ of Gödel's constructible universe $\mathbf{L}$. Let $\Sigma_{3}$-KP be Kripke-Platek set theory with infinity and $\Sigma_{3}$-$...
- 3,574
4
votes
1
answer
158
views
Impact of coining $L$ in $\mathcal L_{\omega_1, \omega}$ on which large cardinals it can satisfy?
What happens to the constructible universe $L$ if we build it in the first of infinitary languages $\mathcal L_{\omega_1, \omega}$?
Would the usual limitation of $L$ not satisfying existence of a ...
- 11.3k
4
votes
1
answer
439
views
What's the order type of the following set?
Fix a positive integer n. Assume $Lan=\{R_0,R_1,...,R_n\}$ be a language of first order logic, where every $R_i$ is a 2-ary relation symbol.
Assume $M$ is an Lan-model, where the underlying set is $...
- 1,490
4
votes
1
answer
592
views
Is ZFC interpretable in a kind of an extended form of second order arithmetic?
Informally the following theory is a kind of extension of second order arithmetic, where numbers are not limited to naturals, instead here we have formation of further numbers by setting limits on ...
- 11.3k
4
votes
0
answers
253
views
Is this recursion theoretic analogue of a criterion of weakly compact cardinal accurate?
Jensen proved that, if V=L, and $\kappa$ is a regular cardinal, then if for any stationary $A\subseteq \kappa$, the set $\{\alpha\mid A \text{ is stationary below }\alpha\}$ is stationary in $\kappa$, ...
- 1,490
4
votes
0
answers
144
views
Can this reflective class theory interpret ZFC?
Reflective Set Theory $\mathsf{RfST}$ is formulated in first order predicate logic with extra-logical primitives of equality $``="$, membership $``\in"$, and a single primitive constant symbol $V$ ...
- 11.3k
3
votes
1
answer
541
views
Are all constructible from below sets parameter free definable?
Lets take the intersection of the theory of $L_{\omega_1^{CK}}$ and $\sf ZF + [V=L]$, this is equivalent to the theory of constructability from below + limit stages.
Can this theory prove the ...
- 11.3k
3
votes
1
answer
325
views
If we have a class like $L$ but allowing a set number of unbounded quantifiers, is it strict superset of $L$?
The definition of $L$ only permits bounded quantifiers. If we allow a certain number of unbounded quantifiers, does this result in a strict superset of $L$? For example:
$$
\operatorname{Def}^{\...
- 6,353
3
votes
1
answer
144
views
Levels of L resembling each other, take 2
(Everything below is assuming $V=L$.)
Fix an uncountable regular cardinal $\kappa$, and let $$E_\kappa=\{\mu<\kappa: \mbox{there is an elementary substructure of $L_\kappa$ isomorphic to $L_\mu$}\}...
- 20.5k
3
votes
1
answer
303
views
When does $\Pi_2$-reflection on $X$ fail to imply iterated $\Pi_1$-reflection on $X$?
Let lowercase Greek letters denote ordinals. Recall from Richter and Aczel's "Inductive definitions and reflecting properties of admissible ordinals", for a set of formulae $\Gamma$ and a ...
- 2,031
2
votes
1
answer
269
views
Inner model for KP and a Well-Ordering of the Reals
It is well known that Gödel proved the following theorem:
$\mathsf{ZFC + V=L}$ has a $\mathit{\Delta}^1_2$-good well-ordering of $\mathbb{R}$. (Gödel, Addison)
So:
Is there an inner model for KP/Z/....
- 695
2
votes
1
answer
665
views
What is the order type of $L$ with Godel's well ordering?
In some sense $Ord$ is a "proper class" ordinal. Unfortunately the notion of a proper class ordinal is not a straight forward generalization of the notion of "set" ordinals because the proper classes ...
user36136
2
votes
1
answer
160
views
Is this theory finitary first order complete?
If we coin a theory in $\mathcal L_{\omega_1, \omega}$ that begins with constructing pure true well founded finite sets, then the set of all true well founded hereditarily finite sets, then builds up ...
- 11.3k
2
votes
1
answer
243
views
Is stable ordinals in non-well-founded model the same as well founded models?
Let $BST$ be the axiom system $KP$ - $\Delta_0$ collection. For an ordinal $\alpha$, we say that $\alpha$ is $\varphi$-$\Sigma_n$-stable, if there is a $\beta>\alpha$ satisfies the formula $φ$ such ...
- 1,490
2
votes
1
answer
235
views
End elementary extension in infinitary logic of some $L_\alpha$ producing a $L_\beta$
Let $L_\alpha$ be some admissible level of the constructible hierarchy and $M \supseteq L_\alpha$ an extension of $L_\alpha$. I am looking for conditions under which $M \simeq L_\beta$. It is not ...
- 531
2
votes
0
answers
147
views
When do wide initial segments ruin admissibility?
Suppose $\alpha$ is admissible and $\beta<\alpha$. We know that $L_\alpha$ is an admissible set (by definition), but adding subsets of $\beta$ to $L_\alpha$ might break admissibility: while set ...
- 20.5k
1
vote
2
answers
228
views
Can this semi-constructible structure satisfy existence of a measurable cardinal?
If we add a primitive unary function symbol $\mathfrak L$ to the first order language of set theory.
Axiom of semi-constructibility: if $\phi^\alpha (y,x_1,\ldots,x_n)$ is a formula in which all and ...
- 11.3k