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25 votes
2 answers
3k views

What is the origin/history of the following very short definition of the Lebesgue integral?

Typical courses on real integration spend a lot of time defining the Lebesgue measure and then spend another lot of time defining the integral with respect to a measure. This is sometimes criticized ...
Gro-Tsen's user avatar
  • 32.5k
36 votes
3 answers
3k views

What do we learn from the Wronskian in the theory of linear ODEs?

For a real interval $I$ and a continuous function $A: I \to \mathbb{R}^{d\times d}$, let $(x_1, \dots, x_d)$ denote a basis of the solution space of the non-autonomous ODE $$ \dot x(t) = A(t) x(t) \...
Jochen Glueck's user avatar
87 votes
2 answers
4k views

History of $\frac d{dt}\tan^{-1}(t)=\frac 1{1+t^2}$

Let $\theta = \tan^{-1}(t)$. Nowadays it is taught: 1º that $$ \frac{d\theta}{dt} = \frac 1{dt\,/\,d\theta} = \frac 1{1+t^2}, \tag1 $$ 2º that, via the fundamental theorem of calculus, this is ...
Francois Ziegler's user avatar
11 votes
3 answers
729 views

Calculus Teaching: Is it possible or desirable to give a severely abbreviated treatment of series convergence tests?

I will be teaching Calculus 2 this fall at a large U.S. state university. Our incoming students tend to have a limited or inconsistent background, which limits the amount of material we can cover. ...
23 votes
4 answers
5k views

Is $\ x\! \cdot\!\tan(x)\ $ integrable in elementary functions?

I'm teaching Calculus and my students asked me to calculate the integral of $\ x\! \cdot\!\tan(x)$. I spent quite a lot of effort to do this, but I'm now even not sure if the integral could be ...
Victor's user avatar
  • 1,437
3 votes
2 answers
395 views

Integration in several variables and elementary applications

This fall I'm teaching the "second half" of the standard entry-level undergraduate multivariable calculus course: the focus is on double and triple integrals, path integrals, Green's theorem, Stokes' ...
32 votes
9 answers
21k views

Interesting applications of the classical Stokes theorem?

When students learn multivariable calculus they're typically barraged with a collection of examples of the type "given surface X with boundary curve Y, evaluate the line integral of a vector field Y ...
109 votes
28 answers
41k views

Why should one still teach Riemann integration?

In the introduction to chapter VIII of Dieudonné's Foundations of Modern Analysis (Volume 1 of his 13-volume Treatise on Analysis), he makes the following argument: Finally, the reader will ...
52 votes
22 answers
19k views

Interesting Calculus Questions/Exercises

I am in the process of redesigning the calculus course that I have taught five or six times. What I would like to know is if anyone has some really good examples or exercises that I could either do ...
2 votes
0 answers
3k views

What is the geometric meaning of the third derivative of a function at a point? [closed]

What is the geometric meaning of the third derivative of a function at a point? This question is now asked on the sister site: https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/14841/what-is-the-meaning-of-...
AJAY's user avatar
  • 61
15 votes
7 answers
6k views

Freshman's definition of sin(x)?

I would like to know how you would rigorously introduce the trigonometric functions ($\sin(x)$ and relatives) to first year calculus students. Suppose they have a reasonable definition of $\mathbb{R}$ ...
Qfwfq's user avatar
  • 23.3k
35 votes
19 answers
9k views

Interesting applications (in pure mathematics) of first-year calculus

What interesting applications are there for theorems or other results studied in first-year calculus courses? A good example for such an application would be using a calculus theorem to prove a ...