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Topology of cell complexes and manifolds, classification of manifolds (e.g. smoothing, surgery), low dimensional topology (e.g. knot theory, invariants of 4-manifolds), embedding theory, combinatorial and PL topology, geometric group theory, infinite dimensional topology (e.g. Hilbert cube manifolds, theory of retracts).

60 votes
6 answers
7k views

Torsion in homology or fundamental group of subsets of Euclidean 3-space

Here's a problem I've found entertaining. Is it possible to find a subset of 3-dimensional Euclidean space such that its homology groups (integer coefficients) or one of its fundamental groups is not …
Ryan Budney's user avatar
  • 44.4k
32 votes
3 answers
2k views

A Pachner complex for triangulated manifolds

A theorem of Pachner's states that if two triangulated PL-manifolds are PL-homeomorphic, the two triangulations are related via a finite sequence of moves, nowadays called "Pachner moves". A Pachne …
Ryan Budney's user avatar
  • 44.4k
25 votes
2 answers
841 views

Which homotopy classes $S^3 \to S^2$ lift to embeddings $S^3 \to S^2 \times D^3$?

The question is, for a smooth embedding $$f : S^3 \to S^2 \times D^3$$ one can compose the map $f$ with projection $\pi : S^2 \times D^3 \to S^2$, giving the map $\pi \circ f : S^3 \to S^2$. Which hom …
Ryan Budney's user avatar
  • 44.4k
24 votes
0 answers
1k views

Monoid structure of oriented manifolds with connect sum

Take the class of all compact, connected, boundaryless, smooth oriented $n$-dimensional manifolds, each taken up to orientation-preserving diffeomorphism. This is a commutative monoid with operation …
Ryan Budney's user avatar
  • 44.4k
24 votes
2 answers
4k views

Isotopy extension theorems

I'm looking for the origins of the isotopy extension theorem in categories other than the smooth category. Precisely, in the smooth category, the isotopy extension theorem says that if $f : [0,1] …
Ryan Budney's user avatar
  • 44.4k
22 votes
3 answers
1k views

"Largest" finite-dimensional Lie subgroups of Diff(S^n), are they known?

The group $Diff(S^n)$ ($C^\infty$-smooth diffeomorphisms of the $n$-sphere) has many interesting subgroups. But one question I've never seen explored is what are its "big" finite-dimensional subgroup …
Ryan Budney's user avatar
  • 44.4k
22 votes
1 answer
1k views

Word problem for fundamental group of submanifolds of the 4-sphere

Given any finitely-presented group $G$, there are a few equivalent techniques for constructing smooth/PL 4-manifolds $M$ such that $\pi_1 M$ is isomorphic to $G$. For most constructions of these 4-ma …
Ryan Budney's user avatar
  • 44.4k
16 votes
3 answers
1k views

Looking for "large knot" examples

This question is about knots and links in the 3-sphere. I want to find an example of a "large" knot or link with some special properties. I'm looking for some fairly specific examples, but I'm also …
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  • 44.4k
15 votes
1 answer
514 views

Where is the Steenrod Realization problem at?

I'm wondering if there is a more modern reference out there for the Steenrod Realization Problem than the book of Connor and Floyd? Realizing homology classes in a manifold via embedded submanifolds, …
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  • 44.4k
14 votes
0 answers
500 views

Structure of Gordian graph of knots

The Gordian graph of knots has the knot isotopy classes as it's vertices, and an edge whenever you can pass from one knot to a other via a "finger move", equivalently if for some diagram of the knot y …
Ryan Budney's user avatar
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13 votes
2 answers
1k views

Explicit embeddings of Cappell-Shaneson knots

In 1976 Cappell and Shaneson gave some examples of knots in homotopy 4-spheres and for some time these examples were considered as possible counter-examples to the smooth 4-dimensional Poincare conjec …
Ryan Budney's user avatar
  • 44.4k
13 votes
1 answer
1k views

Mapping class groups of small Seifert-fibred 3-manifolds

Are computations of the mapping class groups of small Seifert-fibred 3-manifolds recorded in some convenient location? For most Seifert manifolds working out the mapping class group is easy-enough ( …
Ryan Budney's user avatar
  • 44.4k
12 votes
1 answer
508 views

Lower bounds on dimensions of faithful representations of braid groups

Let $B_n$ be the braid group on $n$ strands. It's a theorem of Daan Krammer and Stephen Bigelow that there is a a faithful representation $$B_n \to GL_{n \choose 2} \mathbb Z[t^{\pm}, q^{\pm}] $$ i …
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12 votes
3 answers
1k views

Knot theory question: bridge number vs. min generators of fundamental group of complement

Given a knot in the 3-sphere in Bridge Position you can find a presentation for the fundamental group of the complement (a Wirthinger presentation) containing $n$ generators and $n-1$ relators, where …
Ryan Budney's user avatar
  • 44.4k
12 votes
2 answers
555 views

Curvature flows for PL closed curves in the plane?

I'm curious to what extent people have studied "curvature flows" on PL closed curves in the plane. There's a paper by Gage and Hamilton from 1986 that describes the long-term behaviour of smooth cur …
Ryan Budney's user avatar
  • 44.4k

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