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20 votes
6 answers
19k views

Intuition for Haar measure of random matrix

What is an intuitive way to understand Haar measure as defined for random matrices, say, $N\times N$ orthogonal or unitary matrices? My understanding for what Haar measure means for $U(1)$ is that it ...
2 votes
1 answer
148 views

Bound the conditional expectation of a random matrix under weak dependence

Let $X$ be an $d\times d$ random matrix satisfying $\mathbb{E}[X]=0$ and $\|X\|_2\leq 1$ almost everywhere. Let $\mathcal{F}$ be the $\sigma$-field generated by $X$. Now suppose we have another $\...
9 votes
1 answer
372 views

Why impossible events have some drawbacks or pathologies in probability theory?

It is said by Halmos, P.R.; in "Lectures on ergodic theory" "Many of the difficulties of measure theory and all the pathology of the subject arise from the existence of sets of measure ...
0 votes
0 answers
97 views

Wigner semicircle law and random measures

tl;dr: the proof of the Wigner semicircle law seems to confuse measures with random measures. I do not understand why. Scroll down until 'QUESTION' if you are fine with the theoretical stuff. T. Tao ...
-1 votes
1 answer
138 views

On the concentration of Lipschitz functions near its expectation, where the vector has identical but not independent, components

Consider the random vector $X:=(X_1\dots X_1) \in \mathbb{R}^n, X_1 \sim \mathcal{N}(0,1).$ Notice the identical components, they're identically distributed but not independent. Now, I was wondering ...
0 votes
1 answer
378 views

Concentration of norm of linearly transformed normal random vector as dimension go to infinity

Earlier asked on MSE, but didn't get an answer, so posting here: Let $X=(X_1 \dots X_n) \in \mathbb{R}^n, X_i\sim N(0,1), iid.$ Let $B: \mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}^n $ be the diagonal linear map: $...
0 votes
1 answer
58 views

Good upper-bound for $\mathbb E_A[e^{-t\|A\|_2}]$, for $t\ge0$ and random m by n matrix with iid entries with law $N(0,1)$

Let $A$ be a random $m$-by-$n$ matrix with iid $N(0,1)$ entries, $m$ and $n$ large with $n/m \longrightarrow \alpha \in (0, 1)$ . Let $\|A\|_2$ be the largest singular value of $A$ (i.e the spectral ...
2 votes
1 answer
560 views

Covariance matrix as optimization problem solution?

I have seen the expectation of a random vector expressed as the solution to the optimization problem: \begin{equation} \mathbb{E}[X]=argmin_{v \in \mathbb{R}^n}\mathbb{E}[\|X-v\|_{l^2}^2](:= \int_{\...
2 votes
1 answer
145 views

Calculate correlation values of an ensemble of $N\times N$ real asymmetric random matrix from Gaussian measure

I am now reading a paper by Sommers, H. J., et al. "Spectrum of large random asymmetric matrices." Physical Review Letters 60.19 (1988): 1895-1898., it claims a mathematical statement (equation (2) in ...
3 votes
1 answer
354 views

Determining the asymptotic behavior of random matrices with vanishing ratio dimensions

Consider an $N\times K$ random matrix $X$ (defined on a probability space $(Ω,F,μ)$) with i.i.d. entries having zero mean and variance $1/K$. There are a lot of results regarding the asymptotic ...
3 votes
2 answers
513 views

Sample from a delta-ball in the orthogonal group O(n)

An answer to another question derived a formula for the volume of a delta-ball in $O(n)$. I am wondering if there is a (constructive) way to draw samples uniformly at random from such a region. For ...
17 votes
1 answer
9k views

Intuitive understanding of the Stieltjes transform

I have been using random matrix theory in signal processing and have some trouble understanding what the Stieltjes transform does. The gist of my work is that I have an $N\times N$ true covariance ...