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Prime numbers, diophantine equations, diophantine approximations, analytic or algebraic number theory, arithmetic geometry, Galois theory, transcendental number theory, continued fractions

3 votes

Special cases of Dirichlet's theorem

I found this generalization of the "$3 \pmod{4}$" version while teaching number theory a few years ago. Let $G$ be a proper subgroup of $(\mathbb{Z}/n)^\times$. Then there are infinitely many primes …
Jeff Strom's user avatar
  • 12.5k
11 votes

Collecting proofs that finite multiplicative subgroups of fields are cyclic

Lemma: Let $G$ be a finite abelian group, and let $x\in G$ with maximal order. Then for any other element of $y\in G$, $|y|$ divides $|x|$. Proof. If not, then there is an element $y\in G$ and a pr …
3 votes

What arrangement of unit cubes minimizes surface area?

Here are some ideas about the related question: for fixed $k$, how many cubes can you arrange while keeping the surface area $\leq k$? If the surface of an arrangement contains three or more sides …
Jeff Strom's user avatar
  • 12.5k
4 votes

The prime numbers modulo $k$, are not periodic

Suppose the primes are periodic mod $k$, and let $p$ be a prime divisor of $k$. Then there must be infinitely many primes of the form $p + nk$, which is divisible by $p$. Bad news. EDIT: More prec …
Jeff Strom's user avatar
  • 12.5k